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Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to produce formic acid coupled with oxidative conversion of biomass

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 705-729页

作者： xi Liu Yifan Wang Zhiwei Dai Daihong Gao Xuebing Zhao Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Applied Chemistry Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Electrochemical reduction of CO_(2.(CO_(2.RR)has become a research hot spot in recent years in the context of carbon *** is one of the most promising products obtained by electrochemical reduction of CO_(2. due to its high energy value as estimated by market price per energy unit and wide application in chemical *** is the most abundant renewable resource in the natural *** biomass oxidative conversion with CO_(2.RR driven by renewable electricity would well achieve carbon *** this work,we comprehensively reviewed the current research progress on CO_(2.RR to produce HCOOH and coupled system for conversion of biomass and its derivatives to produce value-added ***-and Bi-based electrocatalysts are discussed for CO_(2.RR with regards to the structure of the catalyst and reaction ***-oxidation reactions of biomass derived sugars,alcohols,furan aldehydes and even polymeric components of lignocellulose were reviewed as alternatives to replace oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in the conventional electrolysis *** was recommended that to further improve the efficiency of the coupled system,future work should be focused on the development of more efficient and stable catalysts,careful design of the electrolytic cells for improving the mass transfer and development of environment-friendly processes for recovering the formed formate and biomass oxidation products.

关键词： Electrochemical reduction of CO_(2. Formic acid Oxidative conversion of biomass Lignocellulose Coupled system

Geomorphologic evidence of phased uplift of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau since 14 million years ago

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第9期47卷 822-833页

作者： LU Huayu1, WANG xiaoyong1, AN Zhisheng1, MIAO xiaodong1, ZHU Rixiang3, MA Haizhou2. LI Zhen4, TAN Hongbing2.& WANG xianyan1 1. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, xi’an 710075{2. 2. Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences. xining 810008,{2. 3. Institute of geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002.,{2. 4. department of Geography, Qinghai Normal University, xining 810008,{2. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an China Institute of geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining China department of Geography Qinghai Normal University Xining China

A typical sequence of fluvial terraces and aeolian deposits overlying these ter- races were multidisciplinary investigated. New evidences for uplift process of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in the past 14 million years were obtained. At least 11 river terraces along Huangshui, the first-class tributary of Yellow River, at the xining-Huzhu region are identi- fied. While the first one (T1) is classified as an accumulation terrace, the others are all basement river terraces, which consist of the Tertiary sandstone and siltstone bedrock, fluvial gravel and pebbles and the overlying aeolian loess-Red Clay deposit. Samples from the aeolian deposits were examined for paleomagnetic stratigraphic reconstruction (1030 samples), luminescence dating (16 samples), magnetic susceptibility and grain-size distribution (more than 4000 sam- ples). The luminescence dating and stratigraphic correlation suggest that terraces of Tll, T10, T8, T7, T3, T2. T1 were formed at 14, 11.3, 1.55, 1.2. 0.15, 0.07 and 0.01 million years ago, re- spectively. Sedimentological analysis and geomorphological observation indicate that formation and evolution of these terraces were mainly driven by tectonic uplift. Therefore, the terrace se- quence provides an ideal geological record, of the uplift process of the northeastern during the past 14 million years, and the timings of the terraces formation are regarded as the timings of tectonic uplift. The significant uplifting events took place at 14, 11.3, 1.2.and 0.15 mil- lion years ago, respectively. The fluvial incision at the xining-Huzhu region is less than 100 m during a period of ~12.million years in the Miocene era (between the Tll and T9), while the Huangshui River had incised 432.m during the past 1.2.million years (from T7 to the present floodplain). The river incision process clearly demonstrates that accelerated rising of the north- eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during the late Cenozoic, and provides new evidence of previous thoughts

关键词： river terrace, tectonic uplift, loess-Red Clay, the past 14 million years, northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

On the Mean Value Formula of Dedekind Sums

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 1999年第2期15卷 245-254页

作者： xiali He Wenpeng Zhang, department of Mathematics, Northwest University, xi’an{2., P. R. china department of Mathematics Northwest University Xi’an P. R. China

The main purpose of this paper is to use the mean value theorem of the Dirichlet L-function to study the distribution property of Dedekind sums, and to give a sharper mean value formula.

关键词： Dedekind sums Distribution of the mean value Asymptotic formula

Liquid metal biomaterials: translational medicines,challenges and perspectives

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 264-284页

作者： Hanchi Xu Jincheng Lu Yikuang xi Xuelin Wang Jing Liu department of Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital School of Clinical Medicine Tsinghua University Shanghai World Foreign Language Academy Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering School of Engineering MedicineBeihang University Beijing Key Lab of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering and Key Lab of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

Until now, significant healthcare challenges and growing urgent clinical requirements remain incompletely addressed by presently available biomedical materials. This is due to their inadequate mechanical compatibility, suboptimal physical and chemical properties, susceptibility to immune rejection, and concerns about long-term biological safety. As an alternative, liquid metal(LM) opens up a promising class of biomaterials with unique advantages like biocompatibility, flexibility, excellent electrical conductivity,and ease of functionalization. However, despite the unique advantages and successful explorations of LM in biomedical fields, widespread clinical translations and applications of LM-based medical products remain limited. This article summarizes the current status and future prospects of LM biomaterials, interprets their applications in healthcare, medical imaging, bone repair, nerve interface, and tumor therapy, *** to translate LM materials into medicine and obstacles encountered in practices are *** that, we outline a blueprint for LM clinics, emphasizing their potential in making new-generation artificial organs. Last, the core challenges of LM biomaterials in clinical translation, including bio-safety,material stability, and ethical concerns are also discussed. Overall, the current progress, translational medicine bottlenecks, and perspectives of LM biomaterials signify their immense potential to drive future medical breakthroughs and thus open up novel avenues for upcoming clinical practices.

关键词： liquid metal biomaterials translational medicine clinical device healthcare therapeutics

Synthesis of 6-(Bromomethyl)-4-methoxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrido-[3,2.d]pyrimidin-2.ol from 6-Methylpyrimidine-2.4-diol

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2012年第1期28卷 57-60页

作者： LIU Wei-dong2. DENG xi-ling2. ZHANG Zhi-li2. WANG xiao-wei2.and LIU Jun-yi1,2.1. State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drug, 2. department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. china department of Chemical Biology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100191 department of Chemical Biology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drug Beijing 100191

6-（Bromomethyl）-4-methoxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrido[3,2.d]pyrimidin-2.ol（compound 9） was synthe sized from 6-methylpyrimidine-2.4-diol（compound 1） through the crucial steps of 6-methyl alkylating and intramo lecular cyclization. The assignment of the structure of compound 9 was performed by its spectral data, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HMBC, and HRMS spectra.

关键词： Heterocycle Carbanion Alkylation Reduction Cyclization

Induction of inosine containing mRNA during the inflammatory stress in C57BL/6 mouse

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Science Bulletin 2003年第2期48卷 156-160页

作者： LUO xiaoxing1, YANG Jinghua2.& R. Rabinovici2.1. department of Pharmacology, The Fourth Military Medical University, xi抋n 710032. china 2. Section of Trauma and Critical Care, Surgery department, Yale Uni-versity, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 0652., USA department of Pharmacology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China Section of Trauma and Critical Care Surgery Department Yale University School of Medicine New Haven USA

A-to-I RNA editing is a recently discovered process of post-transcription modification of pre-mRNA by adenosine deamination that results in the production of pro-teins not inherent in the genome. The present study aimed to identify a role for A-to-I RNA editing in the acute inflamma-tion. It was found that A-to-I edtiting activities of RNA edi-tases, ADARs, were upregulated in lung, spleen, thymus and lymph node of mouse during endotoxin stimulation. Impor-tantly, the number of inosine in poly(A) RNA isolated from mouse lung and spleen was significantly increased in corre-lating with the induction of ADARs?editing activity. The in vitro synthesized RNA which did not contain inosine was edited by thymus extracts and the generation of inosine was greatly increased after editing in LPS treated thymus extract. Take together, these data suggest that A-to-I RNA editing by ADARs may play an important role in pathogenesis of in-flammation. The existence of high level of I-mRNA also sug-gests that more protein isoforms might be generated from a single gene via adenosine deamination by ADARs during inflammatory stress.

关键词： RNA editing ADAR lipopolysaccharide adenosine inosine.

Geophysical survey on the tectonic and sediment distribution of Qinghai Lake basin

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第8期49卷 851-861页

作者： AN Zhisheng1, WANG Ping2. SHEN Ji3, ZHANG Yixiang2. ZHANG Peizhen4, WANG Sumin3, LI xiaoqiang1, SUN Qianli1, SONG Yougui1, AI Li1, ZHANG Yechun2. JIANG Shaoren2. LIU xingqi3 & WANG Yong31. Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), xi’an 710075, china 2. South china Sea Institute of Oceanology, CAS, Guangzhou 510301, china 3. Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, CAS, Nanjing 2.0008, china 4. Institute of geology, china Earthquake Administration, Beijing 10002., china Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Xi’an China South china Sea Institute of Oceanology CAS Guangzhou China Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology CAS Nanjing China Institute of geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing China

The intensive geophysical survey of Qinghai Lake reveals the buried depth of lake sediments and their distribution features. The result indicates that there are three important inter- phases of Qinghai Lake sediments: T1 is the rife interphase of the lake, above which sediments are spread all over the lake basin with roughly the same thickness; T5 is the interphase from which the neotectonic sedimentary cycle begins, and its above sedimentary environment is relatively stable; Tg is the base of the lake basin. Five west-northwest (WNW) fault belts defined the tectonic structure of Qinghai Lake basin: the central hunch around Haixin Shan with two subbasins both in its north and south. The thickness of the lake sediments varies at different places, the thickest sediments are found within the two subbasins. According to the depth that the Sparker System can reach, sediment in the northern subbasin is deeper than 560 m, while sediment in the southern subbasin is deeper than 700 m. The correlation between the seismic sequence stratigraph and the lithology of onshore core shows that Qinghai Lake sediments consist of muddy silt, clay silt, silty clay, gravel silty clay, etc.

关键词： sediment, geophysical survey, Qinghai Lake.

NEW MATERIALS OF DINOCROCUTA GIGANTEA FOUND IN FUGU COUNTY, SHAANxi PROVINCE

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1996年第1期 25-26页

作者： Zhang Yunxiang Xue xiangxu(department of geology Institute of Cenozoic geology and Environment Northwest University xi'an 710069)

Dinocrocuta gigantea was erected by M. Schlosser in 1903. Since then, there were very few materials of Dinocrocuta gigantea to be found, and most of them unknown provenances. In 1986, a large quantity of Hipparion fauna fossils were yeilded in Laogaochuan, Fugu County, Shaanxi Province, among which, there are some materials of Dinocrocuta gigantea, including a complete skull, an anterior part of skull with all teeth, broken lower jaws, 10 isolate teeth, humerus and proximal part of ulna of same individual, femur etc.

关键词： Fugu Shaanxi Late Miocene Dinocrocuta gigantea

Cenozoic volcanic rocks in the Belog Co area, Qiangtang, northern Tibet, china: Petrochemical evidence for partial melting of the mantle-crust transition zone

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Acta Geochimica 2007年第3期26卷 305-311页

作者： LAI Shaocong, QIN Jiangfeng, LI Yongfeng, and LIU xin State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, department of geology, Northwest University,{2. 710069, china State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Department of Geology Northwest University Xi’an China

Neogene volcanic rocks in the Belog Co area, Qiangtang, northern Tibet, are represented by a typical intermediate-basic and intermediate alkaline rock association, with latite-trachyte as the main rock type. The results of chemical analysis are: SiO2.52.–62., Al2.3>15%, Na2./K2.>1 and MgO2.and the co-variation of the magmatophile elements and ultra-magmatophile elements such as La/Sm-La and Cr-Tb indicate that this association of volcanic rocks is the product of comagmatic fractional crystallization. The rock association type and lower Sm/Yb values (Sm/Yb=3.2.–3.97) imply that this association of volcanic rocks should have originated from partial melting of spinel lherzolite in the lithospheric mantle. On the other hand, the weak negative Eu anomaly and relative depletion in Nb, Ta and Ti reflect the features of terrigenous magma. So the Neogene Belog Co alkaline volcanic rocks should be the result of partial melting of the special crust-mantle transition zone on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

关键词： major and trace elements Cenozoic volcanic rock mantle-crust transition zone Qinghai-Tibet Plateau