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Health economics for intra-capsular hip fractures undertaking fixation

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期15卷 30-38页

作者： Anatole Wiik Thomas Ashdown Ian holloway department of Surgery Trauma and OrthopaedicsLondon North West University HealthcareLondon HA13UJUnited Kingdom department of Surgery Trauma and OrthopaedicsLondon North West University HospitalLondon HA13UJUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUnD Hip fracture is a common musculoskeletal injury in the elderly requiring surgery *** operative mainstay of intra-capsular hip fractures is arthroplasty with a smaller proportion for *** To determine the most beneficial method of fixation for patients with intracapsular hip *** A registered audit from 2.12.2.18 was conducted on all intra-capsular hip fractures treated with 2.commonly used fixation *** notes,electronic records and clinical codes for cost benefit were evaluated.A validated quality of life measure was collected at least 1 year after *** A total of 83 patients were identified with intra-capsular fractures undergoing fixation during the retrospective *** were 47 cannulated cancellous screw and 36 sliding hip screw fixations with the case mix comparable for age,gender,co-morbidities and fracture *** was no significant difference in blood loss,tip apex distance,radiation exposure,length of stay,radiological union time,collapse,avascular necrosis or re-operation between fixation *** regression analysis demonstrated displaced intracapsular hip fractures correlated significantly with an undesirable outcome conferring a relative odds ratio of *** were 9(19%)and 4(11%)patients respectively,who required *** was no significant difference in health resource group tariff and implant cost with comparable EQ-5D and visual COnCLUSIOn no significant advantage was identified with differing fixation type,but irrespective there were a high number of patients requiring *** was predicted by initial fracture displacement and patient *** may need to be carefully considered for health economics and patient benefit.

关键词： Hip fracture Fixation Patient reported outcome measure Cost

HYDROBORATIOn OF ALKYnES WITH DICHLOROBORAnE-DIMETHYL SULFIDE——SYnTHESES AnD SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERISTICS OF gem-DIBOROn AnD ALKEnYLBOROn COMPOUnDS

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Science in China,Ser.B 1987年第12期30卷 1233-1246页

作者：赵德杰 P.n.GATES P.S.JOnES department of Chemistry Wuhan university Royal holloway College university of london

The reactions of alkynes with dichloroborane-dimethyl sulfide （HBCl2.SMe2. in the presence of boron trichtoride in pentane have been *** internal and terminal alkynes react with HBCl2.SMe2.in the molar ratio 1:2.at 0℃ to give dihydroborating products, gem-bis （dichloroboryl）alkanes, in good yield. Since the dihydroboration of alkynes is suppressed considerably at lower temperature, the internal alkynes and HBCl2.SMe2.react quantitatively in the molar ratio 1.4:1 at-2.℃ or -30℃ to give the expected *** the same conditions,the terminal alkynes, however, undergo both monohydroboration and *** terminal alkynes react with boron trichloride in the molar ratio 1 :1.1 in pentane, the chloroborating products, 2.chloro-1-alkenyldichloroboranes have been obtained in high *** dichloroboranes are readily converted by alcoholysis into the corresponding boronic *** resulting compounds have been characterized by IR, 1H,11B, and 13C n

关键词： ppm SM BCI HYDROBORATIOn OF ALKYnES WITH DICHLOROBORAnE-DIMETHYL SULFIDE SYnTHESES AnD SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERISTICS OF gem-DIBOROn AnD ALKEnYLBOROn COMPOUnDS OCH HBC

An Enhanced RSA-based Partially Blind Signature

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An Enhanced RSA-based Partially Blind Signature

Gradient analysis of landscape spatial and temporal pattern changes in Beijing metropolitan area

2.10 International Conference on Computer and Communication Technologies in Agriculture Engineering (CCTAE 2.10)

作者： Dejian Fang1 1department of Mathematics and Computer Science Fuqing Branch of Fujian normal university Fuqing 350300 China na Wang1 1department of Mathematics and Computer Science Fuqing Branch of Fujian normal university Fuqing 350300 China Chenglian Liu1 2.2.nformation Security Group Royal holloway university of london Egham TW2. 0EX uk

Hwang et *** that the Chien et al.’s partially blind signature scheme based on RSA public cryptosystem could not meet the untraceability property of a blind *** this paper,we proposed an enhanced version of Chien et al.’s par-tially blind signature scheme based on *** enhancement eliminates the vulnerability of the original version to the trace attack.

关键词： Blind Signature Unlinkability Forgery Attack

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第S1期53卷 91-98页

作者： YAnG YeTao1,ZHOU QiMing2.GOnG JianYa3 & WAnG YingYing4 1 Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics,China university of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China 2.department of Geography,Hong Kong Baptist university,Hong Kong 3 State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying,Mapping and Remote Sensing,Wuhan university,Wuhan 430074,China 4 Hubei Provincial Bureau of Meteorology,Wuhan 430074,China 1. Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China2. Department of Geography Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong China3. State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing Wuhan University Wuhan 430074 China4. Hubei Provincial Bureau of Meteorology Wuhan 430074 China

The gradient based landscape metrics analysis is now widely used to study the landscape pattern changes in respond to the *** order to discover the trend of spatio-temporal changes in Beijing metropolitan area during the past 15 years,several landscape metrics are computed using a moving window along a 96 km long transect across Beijing metropolitan area from west to ***,the spatial extent of sub-landscape,which is determined by the moving window’s size,is profoundly *** results show that the metrics varies smoothly and regularly along the selected transect when the window size is greater than 6 km×6 km,and irregularly fluctuated for the smaller window size,that the spatial and temporal landscape characteristics of Beijing city match the hypothetical framework of spatio-temporal urban sprawl in the form of alternating processes of diffusion and coalescence well,and that some new trends of the urban sprawl style in Beijing metropolitan area,such as leap-frog manner,are also detected by the gradient landscape analysis.

关键词： gradient analysis landscape metrics spatio-temporal urban expansion multi-extent

Dust particle surface potential in an argonhelium plasma using the(r,q)-distribution function

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第9期76卷 141-148页

作者： Bahaaudin M Raffah A A Abid Abdullah Khan Amin Esmaeili Yas Al-Hadeethi M n S Qureshi department of Physics Faculty of SciencesKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Lithography in Devices Fabrication and Development Research Group Deanship of Scientific ResearchKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Joint Laboratory of Plasma Application Technology Institute of Advanced TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China department of Physics Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321005China department of Physics Graduate School of ScienceTokyo Metropolitan UniversityMinami-Osawa 1-1Hachioji City192-0397Japan department of Physics GC UniversityLahore 54000Pakistan

In this paper,the dust particle surface potential for argon-helium plasma is evaluated analytically and numerically in the context of negatively charged dust particles by employing a power-law(r,q)-distribution *** studies have reported the argon-helium plasma and conducted a brief theoretical and experimental *** deepen our understanding further,this study aims to analyze the argon-helium plasma comprehensively using the same pattern but with the(r,q)-distribution *** this purpose,the current balance equations are derived for electron,helium and argon ions,when these charge species attain the quasineutrality *** numerically examined the currents of plasma species for a broad range of effective distribution function parameters r and *** is revealed that the surface potential of dust particles is significantly affected by the parameters r and q,helium ion-to-electron temperature ratio,argon ion-to-electron temperature ratio,and helium ion to argon ion number density *** incorporating the multi-ion(argon-helium)species,the significance of low-temperature nonMaxwellian dusty(complex)plasma is briefly examined.

关键词： dusty plasma dust charge potential plasma physics helium argon plasma r q distribution function non-Maxwellian distribution

A machine learning driven 3D+1D model for efficient characterization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Energy and AI

Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 281-294页

作者： Yuwei Pan Haijun Ruan Billy Wu Yagya n.Regmi Huizhi Wang nigel P.Brandon department of Earth Science and Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Dyson School of Design Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Centre for E-Mobility and Clean Growth Coventry UniversityCoventry CV15FBUK Manchester Fuel Cell Innovation Centre Department of Natural SciencesManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M15GDUK department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

The computational demands of 3D continuum models for proton exchange membrane fuel cells remain substantial. One prevalent approach is the hierarchical model combining a 2./3D flow field with a 1D sub-model for the catalyst layers and membrane. However, existing studies often simplify the 1D domain to a linearized 0D lumped model, potentially resulting in significant errors at high loads. In this study, we present a computationally efficient neural network driven 3D+1D model for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The 3D sub-model captures transport in the gas channels and gas diffusion layers and is coupled with a 1D electrochemical sub-model for microporous layers, membrane, and catalyst layers. To reduce computational intensity of the full 1D description, a neural network surrogates the 1D electrochemical sub-model for coupling with the 3D domain. Trained by model-generated large synthetic datasets, the neural network achieves root mean square errors of less than 0.2.. The model is validated against experimental results under various relative humidities. It is then employed to investigate the nonlinear distribution of internal states under different operating conditions. With the neural network operating at 0.5% of the computing cost of the 1D sub-model, the hybrid model preserves a detailed and nonlinear representation of the internal fuel cell states while maintaining computational costs comparable to conventional 3D+0D models. The presented hybrid data-driven and physical modeling framework offers high accuracy and computing speed across a b{2. spectrum of operating conditions, potentially aiding the rapid optimization of both the membrane electrode assembly and the gas channel geometry.

关键词： Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Hierarchical model neural network Hybrid model

An OPTICAL FLOW APPROACH TO AnALYZInG SPECIES DEnSITY DYnAMICS AnD TRAnSPORT

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2012年第3期30卷 249-261页

作者： Aaron Luttman Erik Bollt Jason holloway department of Mathematics Clarkson UniversityPotsdamNYUSA department of Electrical Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTXUSA

Classical optical flow techniques were developed for computing virtual motion fields between two images of the same scene, assuming conservation of intensity and a smooth- ness of the flow field. If these assumptions are dropped, such techniques can be adapted to compute apparent fows between time snapshots of data that do not come from images, even if these flows are turbulent and divergent, as in the case of flows representing complex spatiotemporal dynamics. While imaging methods have been used to analyze dynamics in experimental applications, they are only beginning to be applied to dynamics computa- tions in settings outside the laboratory, for example in the analysis of species population dynamics from satellite data. In this work we present a variational optical flow approach based on the continuity equation and total variation regularization for computing the flow fields between population densities generated from a two-species predator-prey model for phyto- and zooplankton interactions. Given the time-varying vector fields produced from the optical flow~ computational methods from dynamical systems can be employed to study pseudo-barriers present in the species interaction. This method allows to measure the mix- ing of the species, as well as the transport of the populations throughout the domain.

关键词： Optical flow Finite-time Lyapunov exponent Mass transport Data-drivendynamical systems.

CHALLEnGES AnD PROBLEMS: CHInA'S URBAn GOVERnAnCE

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Chinese Geographical Science 2002年第2期12卷 152-156页

作者： WAnG Hong, GU Chao lin(department of Urban and Resources Sciences, nanjing university, nanjing {2.093, P.R.China) department of Urban and Resources Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 P. R. China

China′s urban reforms have brought social progress and development, but a comprehensive national system of social welfare (for example, unemployment insurance, pensions, medical care and public housing) for new migrants from rural areas is lacking. One of the most remarkable changes in Chinese cities in the last decade was a change in social "equality", with the rise of new poverty both in individual communities and some social groups in urban society. However, there is little social assistance and public infrastructure for the migrants. Governments or communities or individual should pay attention to the control of new urban poverty and new slums. This paper consider that it is necessary to launch a successful policy, which include mainly: 1) accommodating urban growth through low cost investment projects; 2. urban economy depends heavily on successful macroeconomic policy; 3) to broaden the three channels linking adjustment to the incidence of urban poverty; 4) to restructure urban economic based on the high or new technology; 5) to coordinate relationship between urban economic growth and environment management for sustainable development of Beijing′s metropolitan fringe.

关键词： urban challenges and problems urban governance urban policies

A CASE STUDY On COnCEnTRATIOn AnD DECEnTRALIZATIOn:BEHAVIOR AnD DYn AMIC MECHAnISM OF SPATIAL EVOLUTIOn In metropolitan AREA,nAnJInG,CHInA

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Chinese Geographical Science 2002年第3期12卷 212-217页

作者： ZHU Xi-gang,ZHAnG Jing-xiang,CHEn Hu (department of Urban and Resources Sciences,nanjing university,nanjin g {2.093,P.R.China,) department of Urban and Resources Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing P. R. China

In rapid socio-economic developme nt,the process of concentration and dispersal of various elements tends to be more dramatic,tremendously in fluencing the shaping and transform ation of the space in metropolitan *** of spatial concentration and decent ralization has thus become a basic me thod in examining metropolitan spatial *** this research,three elements were selected as the essential indicato rs of the process:demographic density distribu-tion,employment density distribut ion and business office *** of these elements in nanji ng City was exam-ined *** nanjing City c ould be regarded as a representative of metropolitan areas in China,its s ituation large-ly suggestes the general characteristics in similar areas of *** based on the investigation of nanji ng City,four general implications were highligh ***,metropolitan areas inChina are in a violentprocess and shift of spatialconcentra-tion and ***,from now to at least the near future,c oncentration will continue to be the central ***,the landscape of metrop olitan areas basically exhibits a dual structure *** gap in en vironmental and ecological qualities among different districts will continue for a l ong ***,Central Business District(CBD)is playing an important role in helpi ng to convert the traditionally single-centered city structure into a polycentric one.

关键词： concentration decentralization dynamic mechanism nanjing metropolis