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Lithosphere types in North China:Evidence from geology and geophysics

Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 1809-1827页

作者： QIU Ruizhao1,2. DENG Jinfu3, ZHOU Su3, LI Jinfa4. XIAO Qinghui1,5, WU Zongxu6 & LIU Cui3 1. Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of geological Sciences, beijing 100037, China 2. Development and Research {2., China geological Survey, beijing 100037, China 3. China university of geosciences, beijing 100083, China 4. China university of geosciences, Wuhan 4.0074. China 5. Information {2. of Ministry of Land and Resources, beijing 100812. China 6. Institute of Geology, State Seismological Bureau, beijing 10002., China 1. Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 100037 Beijing China 2. Development and Research center China Geological Survey 100037 Beijing China 3. China university of geosciences 100083 Beijing China 4. China university of geosciences 430074 Wuhan China 5. Information center of Ministry of Land and Resources 100812 Beijing China 6. Institute of Geology State Seismological Bureau 100029 Beijing China

On the basis of the characteristics of geology and geophysics in North China, three types of lithosphere, namely, the cratonic, the orogenic and the rift lithospheres can be classified. In terms of petrological method (based on the information from Precambrian rock assemblages, igneous activities, deep-seated enclaves, etc.) and the relationship between seismic velocity and rock compositions, the crust-mantle petrological and chemical structure models can be set up. Researching results indicate that the geology and geophysics of North China platform bears the similar characteristics in comparison with those of the global typical cratons. The Eerduosi(Ordos) block located in the west of the North China Platform is a remnant of cratonic lithosphere after the North China platform had undergone “activation” in Mesozoic and “reconstruction” in Cenozoic times. The continental crust consists mainly of TTG rock assemblage while the subcontinental lithosphere mantle mainly consists of strongly depleted harzburgite. The craton was finally formed in late Archaean and early Proterozoic, and has been kept in stability up to present; its crustal-mantle petrological structures of lithosphere can be set up as a reference for the study of North China craton and even Sino-Korean craton. In the Mesozoic period, the middle and east areas of North China platform were activated in the Yanshanian orogenic process, the continental crust was reformed by material and heat-transfer of convective mantle and the original crustal TTG component was reconstructed to be granitic crust, and the subcontinental lithosphere man- tle was replaced by the Yanshanian harzburgite-lherzolite. The Yanshan-Taihang Mountains were the remnants of orogenic lithosphere after the rifting in eastern North China in Cenozoic. The present thickness of continental crust and lithosphere in the Yanshan-Taihang Mountains is not equal to their thickness during the Yanshanian orogenic movement because they had undergone the

关键词： lithospheric types,evidence of geology and geophysics,crust-mantle petrological structure,deep process

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Petrogenesis of Songshugou dunite body in the Qinling orogenic belt, Central China: Constraints from geochemistry and melt inclusions

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第8期48卷 1146-1157页

作者： SU Li1,2. SONG Shuguang3 & ZHOU Dingwu1 1. Key laboratory of Continental Dynamics of the Ministry of Education, Department of Geology, Northwestern university, Xi’an 710069, China {2., China university of geosciences (beijing), beijing 100083, China 3. Key laboratory of Orogenic Belts of the Ministry of Education, Department of Geology, Peking university, {4. 100871, China 1. Key laboratory of Continental Dynamics of the Ministry of Education Department of Geology Northwestern University 710069 Xi’an China 2. the geological lab center China University of Geosciences 100083 (Beijing)Beijing China 3. Key laboratory of Orogenic Belts of the Ministry of Education Department of Geology Peking University 100871 Beijing China

The Songshugou dunite body, which occupies an area of about 2. km2. is the largest ultramafic massif in the eastern Qinling orogenic belt, Central China. The major compo-nent of this body is dunitic rocks including mylonitic dunite and coarse-grained dunite; they oc-cupy about 95 vol% of the total body. Petrography, mineral composition, major and trace ele-ments and primitive melt inclusions have been investigated in this paper; all revealed that this dunite body is the product of melt-rock interaction by porous percolation flow. In comparison with dunite sills or veins in harzburgite from the basal part of Oman ophiolite, this dunite body is characterized by lower contents of Al2.3, CaO and HREE but higher content of highly incom-patible elements and Zr and Hf. The LREE enriched patterns and primitive mantle normalized spidergrams of trace elements are also different from the Oman dunite. Combining with melt in-clusions observed in olivines, we conclude that this dunite body is the product of large- scale porous percolation flow of high-MgO melts within depleted mantle peridotites. The high-MgO magma, in essence, was most probably produced at the hot head of an upwelling mantle plume. The occurrence of the Songshugou dunite body is closely associated with the activity of mantle super-plume in Neo-Proterozoic era in the Yangtze Craton.

关键词： Songshugou dunite body, geochemistry, melt inclusion, mantle plume, Qinling orogenic belt.

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Southeastern extension of the Red River fault zone (RRFZ) and its tectonic evolution significance in western South China Sea

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第8期49卷 839-850页

作者： LIU Baoming1,2.3, XIA Bin1, LI Xuxuan1,3, ZHANG Minqiang1,3, NIU Binhua2. ZHONG Lifeng1, JIN Qinghuan1,4.& JI Shaocheng1,5 1. Key laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 51064., China 2. China {4. of {2. (beijing), beijing 100083, China 3. Research {4. of Science & Technology Department, CNOOC, beijing 10002., China 4. Guangzhou Marine geological Survey, Ministry of Land & Resources, Guangzhou 510075, China 5. Ecole Polytechnique Montreal, H3C3A7, Canada 1. Key laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China 2. China university of geosciences ({2.) Beijing 100083 China 3. Research center of Science & Technology Department CNOOC Beijing 100027 China 4. Guangzhou Marine geological Survey Ministry of Land & Resources Guangzhou 510075 China 5. Ecole Polytechnique Montreal H3C3A7 Canada

Recent geophysical surveys and basin modeling suggest that the No.1 fault in the Ying- gehai basin (YGHB) is the seaward elongation of the Red River fault zone (RRFZ) in the South China Sea (SCS). The RRFZ, which separates the South China and Indochina block, extends first along the Yuedong fault, offshore of Vietnam, and then continues southward and breaks off into two branches: the Lupar fault and the Tinjia fault. The southern extension of the Lupar fault dies out beneath the NW Borneo while the Tinjia fault extends southeast and reaches the Brunei-Sabah area. According to the gravity and geomagnetic data, and the tectonic evolution of the basins, there are different evolution histories between the Wan’an basin (WAB) and the basins in the Nansha block. The Tinjia fault may be the boundary between the Balingian block and the Nansha block. Hence, the line linking the Yue- dong fault and the Tinjia fault, which both are continental margin faults and strike-slip ones in the geological evolution histories, constitute the boundary between the Indochina and Nansha block. The Lupar fault, in contrast, is an intraplate fault within the Indochina block. The results provide new hints for reconstructing the tectonic evolution history of the RRFZ and the opening of the SCS, and also a framework for hydrocarbon prospecting in the region.

关键词： Red River fault zone, tectonic evolution, fault, extension, western South China Sea.

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The quantification of remote sensing

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 1-11页

作者： GU Xingfa1,2.3,TIAN Guoliang1,2. LI Xiaowen1,2.& GUO Jianning4.1. State Key laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and {4. Normal {2., {4. 100101, China 2. The center for National Spaceborne Demonstration, {4. 100101, China 3. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Climat Sol Environnement, 84.14.Avignon, France 4. China center for Resource Satellite Data and Application, {4. 100830, China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Remote Sensing Applicat State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing 100101 Peoples R China beijing Normal Univ State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Ctr Natl Spaceborne Demonstrat Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Inst Natl Rech Agron F-84914 Avignon France China Ctr Resource Satellite Data & Applicat Beijing 100830 Peoples R China

The paper firstly defined the remote sensing information quantification, analyzed the necessity of developing remote sensing quantification, figured out the application guidelines requirement, and pointed out the importance of quantification research. Then taking the remote sensing application research of CBERS-02.data quantification as the example, the paper described the whole quantification system of “remotely sensed digital signal-radiation information-field parameter inversion”. Finally the paper gave the prospect for the development trend of the quantitative remote sensing.

关键词： remote sensing information quantification CBERS-02 radiometric calibration surface parame- ter reversion.

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Age of Yingfeng rapakivi granite pluton on the north flank of Qaidam and its geological significance

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Science China Earth Sciences 2004年第4期47卷 357-365页

作者： XIAO Qinghui1,2. LU Xinxiang1,3, WANG Fei4. SUN Yangui5, WEI Xiangdong3 & XING Zuoyun6 1. Division of Granite Geology, China geological Survey, Yichang 4.3003, China 2. Information center of Ministry of Land and Resources, {2. 100812. China 3. geological Survey of Henan Province and Institute of geological Research of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 4.0053, China 4. geological Institute, China Seismological Bureau, {2. 10002., China 5. geological Survey Institute of Qinghai Province, Xining 810032. China 6. China university of {14., Wuhan 4.0074. China Division of Granite Geology China Geological Survey Yichang 443003 China Information center of Ministry of Land and Resources Beijing 100812 China geological Survey of Henan Province and Institute of geological Research of Henan Province Zhengzhou 450053 China geological Institute China Seismological Bureau Beijing 100029 China geological Survey Institute of Qinghai Province Xining 810032 China China university of geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

The Yingfeng rapakivi granite on the north flank of Qaidam is a newly discovered Proterozoic rapakivi pluton in China, which was found after the discovery of Shachang rapakivi in Miyun County, beijing and Kuandian rapakivi in Jilin Province. Yingfeng rapakivi pluton is ex-posed on the north side of the suture belt between Qinling-Kunlun orogenic belt and North China plate. U-Pb zircon isotopic dating and Ar-Ar isotopic dating of both hornblende and K-feldspar from the Yingfeng rapakivi granite have been conducted. The results show that the age of (1776±33)Ma at the upper intercept in Concorde diagram represents the age of formation of the plu-ton, whereas the age of (52. 2.1) Ma at the lower intercept and Ar-Ar mineral dating of horn-blende and K-feldspar correspond to the age of a later event affecting the pluton, suggesting that Yingfeng pluton has ever been affected by strong regional Caledonian-Hercynian tectonic movement after its formation. The discovery of middle Proterozoic Yingfeng rapakivi granite pro-vides a petrologic evidence for the timing of cratonization of both the continental crust basement in western China and the basement of the North China plate and for a rifting event taking place in the mid-Proterozoic, suggesting that an amalgamation of ancient China continents had ever happened during the L liang Movement?between the early Proterozoic and the mid-Proterozoic.

关键词： rapakivi, U-Pb dating, Ar-Ar dating, Kunlun-Qinling orogenic belt.

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Sorption behavior of U(VI), ^(2.4.U(VI) and ^(2.8)U(VI) onto fracture-filling clays in Beishan granite, Gansu: Application to selecting the site of high-level radwaste repository in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1649-1655页

作者： MIN Maozhong1,2. LUO Xingzhang3, WANG Ju4. JIN Yuanxin4.& WANG Rucheng1 1. Department of Earth Sciences, State Key laboratory of Mineral Deposit Research, Nanjing university, Nanjing 2.0093, China 2. {2. of Materials Analysis, Nanjing university, Nanjing 2.0093, China 3. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing university, Nanjing 2.0093, China 4. {4. Geology Institute, Nuclear Industry, {4. 10002., China Department of Earth Sciences State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposit Research Nanjing University Nanjing China center of Materials Analysis Nanjing university Nanjing China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing university Nanjing China beijing Geology Institute Nuclear Industry beijing China

The first results of sorption experiments of U(VI), 2.4.(VI) and 2.8U(VI) onto original (unpurified) fracture-filling clays from No.1 monzonitic granite intrusion, Beishan area, Gansu Province, China are reported. The monzonitic granite intrusion is a potential location for a high-level radwaste (HLW) repository in China. The present experimental results show that the maximum U(VI) sorption reached 92. at near-neutral pH and the distribution coefficient (Kd) was 12.6 mL/g. A high sorption capacity of the fracture-filling clays in host rock on radioactive ele-ments is necessary for HLW deep {4. disposal repository. No preferential sorption of 2.4. onto the clays was found. Finally, the sorption of U(VI) onto the clays was also modeled using a surface complexation model.

关键词： HLW geological disposal repository, granite, uranium, radionuclide, clay, sorption.

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Origin,evolution and extinction of Cathaysia flora

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第2期44卷 100-108页

作者： SUN KeqinChina university of geosciences,{2., China China university of geosciences Beijing China

Recent research results showed that the Cathaysia flora originated and developed from the global uniform Lepidodendropsis flora of the Early Carboniferous, which had already become an independent flora in the early Late Carboniferous (Namurian B to C). The center of origin of the Cathaysia flora is restricted to the North China Plate. On the basis of the successional characteristics of the Cathaysia flora in different geological ages, it may be divided into seven evolutionary stages. The evolutionary trend of the Cathaysia flora, as a whole, was characterized by the gradual increase of the typical Cathaysian elements in the sequence from the early Late Carboniferous to the early Late Permian, which began to decline during the late Late Permian. The climatic differentiation, tectonic movement,oceanic circulation, palaeogeographical environment, extraterrestrial event and plant evolution caused the mass extinction of the Cathaysia flora on a large scale by the end of the Permian.

关键词： Asia Cathaysia flora origin evolution extinction Late Carboniferous Permian.

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Petrogenesis and dating of the Kangding complex,Sichuan Province

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第5期48卷 622-634页

作者： CHEN Yuelong 1 , LUO Zhaohua 1 , ZHAO Junxiang, LI Zhihong, ZHANG Hongfei & SONG Biao 3 1. Faculty of Earth Sciences and Natural Resources, China university of geosciences,{2., China 2. Faculty of Earth Sciences, China university of geosciences, Wuhan 4.0074. China 3. beijing SHRIMP center, Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of geological Sciences, beijing 100037, China 1. Faculty of Earth Sciences and Natural Resources China University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China 2. Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences 430074 Wuhan China 3. beijing SHRIMP center Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 100037 Beijing China

An analysis of major and trace element geochemistry and SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating of mafic, intermediate, and felsic rocks from the Mianning metamorphic complex of Si- chuan Province was conducted. One of our conclusions is that a majority of the zircons crystal- lized between 72. and 773 Ma in a magmatic regime. The complexes contain early to late Pa- leo-proterozoic relict zircons from ancient continental crust. The oldest age, 2.68 Ma, may rep- resent the basement of the Yangtze block. Overgrowth zircon rims and palingenetic zircons have been observed and dated, and are believed to have formed after crystallization, during Paleozoic and Mesozoic metamorphic-anatexis. We also conclude that depletion of Nb, Ta, HREE, in a spider-diagram normalized to primitive mantle and calc-alkaline association, implies that they formed in island-arc or under-plating settings.

关键词： Kangding complex, zircons, SHRIMP, tectonic setting.

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Study on attribute characterization for reservoir dynamic monitoring by seismic

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 218-225页

作者： CHEN XiaoHong1,3,LI JingYe2.3 & ZHAO Wei4.1 Key lab of Geophysical Exploration of CNPC,China Petroleum university,{2. 102.4.,China 2.Basin & Reservoir Research center,China Petroleum university,{2. 102.4.,China 3 State Key laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,China university of Petroleum,{2. 102.4.,China 4.Research center of CNOOC,{2. 10002.,China 1. Key lab of Geophysical Exploration of CNPC China Petroleum University Beijing 102249 China 3. State Key laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China 2. Basin & Reservoir Research center China Petroleum University Beijing 102249 China 4. Research center of CNOOC Beijing 100027 China

Study on characterizing reservoir parameters dynamic variations by time-lapse seismic attributes is the theoretical basis for effectively distinguishing reservoir parameters variations and conducting time-lapse seismic interpretation,and it is also a key step for time-lapse seismic application in real oil fields. Based on the rock physical model of unconsolidated sandstone,the different effects of oil saturation and effective pressure variations on seismic P-wave and S-wave velocities are calculated and analyzed. Using numerical simulation on decoupled wave equations,the responses of seismic amplitude with different offsets to reservoir oil saturation variations are analyzed,pre-stack time-lapse seismic attributes differences for oil saturation and effective pressure variations of P-P wave and P-S converted wave are calculated,and time-lapse seismic AVO (Amplitude Versus Offset) response rules of P-P wave and P-S converted wave to effective pressure and oil saturation variations are compared. The theoretical modeling study shows that it is feasible to distinguish different reservoir parameters dynamic variations by pre-stack time-lapse seismic information,including pre-stack time-lapse seismic attributes and AVO information,which has great potential in improving time-lapse seismic interpreta-tion precision. It also shows that the time-lapse seismic response mechanism study on objective oil fields is especially important in establishing effective time-lapse seismic data process and interpreta-tion scheme.

关键词： time-lapse seismic dynamic monitoring rock physical model pre-stack attribute Amplitude Versus Offset (AVO)

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Absolute radiometric calibration of CBERS-02.IRMSS thermal band

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 72-90页

作者： ZHANG Yong1,2.3, GU Xingfa1,3,4. YU Tao1,3, ZHANG Yuxiang5, CHEN Liangfu1,3, LI Xiaoying1,2.3, LI Xiaowen1,3 & HE Liming6 1. State Key laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and beijing Normal {2., beijing 100101, China 2. Graduate {2. of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100039, China 3. The center for National Spaceborne Demonstration, beijing 100101, China 4. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Climat Sol Environnement, 84.14.Avignon, France 5. National Satellite Meteorological center, beijing 100081, China 6. State Environmental Protection Administration, beijing 10002., China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Remote Sensing Applicat State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing 100101 Peoples R China beijing Normal Univ State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Grad Univ Beijing 100039 Peoples R China Ctr Natl Spaceborne Demonstrat Beijing 100101 Peoples R China INRA F-84914 Avignon France Natl Satellite Meteorol Ctr Beijing 100081 Peoples R China State Environm Protect Adm Beijing 100029 Peoples R China

Based on the laboratory calibration before launch of CBERS-02.IRMSS thermal infrared channel, the onboard blackbody calibration, the radiometric cross- calibration against TERRA MODIS corresponding channel and the in-flight field calibration at Lake Qinghai: water surface radiometric calibration test site of China on Aug. 17, 2.04.are carried out in this research. When making onboard blackbody calibration of CBERS-02.IRMSS, it is necessary to understand inside structures and light path in IRMSS camera and receive and process calibration blackbody signals at normal and high temperatures. Onboard blackbody calibration results of each detector are very important to relative radiometric calibration of images processing and absolute radiometric calibration of each detector. In-flight field calibration mainly contains field experiments, obtaining synchronous images, spectrum marching and MODTRAN radiative transmi- ssion computation. Radiometric cross-calibration of CBERS-02.IRMSS thermal band against TERRA MODIS selected 6 times synchronous images of two sensors passing through Lake Qinghai and Lake Taihu from August to December, 2.04.to compute the cross calibration data. Combining the in-flight field calibration and radiometric cross calibration data, the absolute radiometric calibration coefficients are calculated by the linear regression method. This new calibration model can obviously control the radiometric calibration uncertainties aroused by the single point method used in the in-flight calibration of CBERS-02.IRMSS, this kind of sensors cannot receive the cosmic background radiation. In this research, the radiometric calibration coefficients obtained through the linear regression model are 8.53 (gain, unit: DN/W m?2.r?1μm?1) and 4..92.(offset, unit: DN).

关键词： CBERS-02 IRMSS thermal band in-flight field calibration onboard blackbody calibration cross calibration.

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