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Hydrocarbon enrichment characteristics and difference analysis in the TZ1-TZ4 well block of the tarim Basin

Petroleum Science 2010年第2期7卷 201-210页

作者： Jiang Zhenxue Pang Xiongqi Yang Haijun Li Zhuo Xiang Caifu Gu Qiaoyuan State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting Beijing 102249 China Basin and ReservoirResearch Center China University＂ of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Exploration and Development Institute of the tarim oil{2. {2. PetroChina Korla Xinjiang 841000 China

The reservoirs in the TZ1-TZ4 well block of the tarim Basin are complex, and the hydrocarbon enrichment shows differences. The three Carboniferous oil layers are characterized by ＂oil in the upper and lower layers and gas in the middle＂ in profile and ＂oil in the west and gas in the east＂ in plane view. In order to discuss the complex reservoir accumulation mechanisms, based on the petroleum geology and reservoir distribution, we studied the generation history of source rocks, the fault evolution and sealing, the accumulation periods and gas washing, and reconstructed the accumulation process of the TZ1-TZ4 well block. It is concluded that the hydrocarbon enrichment differences of oil layers CIII, CII and CI were caused by multiple sources and multi-period hydrocarbon charging and adjustment. The CII was closely related to CIII, but CI was formed by reservoir adjustment during the Yanshan period and was not affected by gas washing after it was formed. During the Himalayan period, different degrees of gas washing in the east and west led to hydrocarbon enrichment differences on the plane. The Carboniferous accumulation process of two-stage charging and one-stage adjustment is summarized： oil charging during the late Hercynian period is the first accumulation period of CIII and CII; oil reservoirs were adjusted into CI in the Yanshan period; finally gas washing in the Himalayan period is the second accumulation period of CIII and CII, but CI was not affected by gas washing. This complex accumulation process leads to the hydrocarbon enrichment differences in the TZ1-TZ4 well block.

关键词： tarim Basin enrichment difference multi-source and multi-period charging accumulation process

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Main progress and problems in research on Ordovician hydrocarbon accumulation in the tarim Basin

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Petroleum Science 2010年第2期7卷 147-163页

作者： Pang Xiongqi Tian Jun Pang Hong Xiang Caifu Jiang Zhenxue Li Sumei Basin and Reservoir Research Center School of Natural Resources and Information Technology China University ofPetroleum Beijing 102249 China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China petrochina tarim {2.{2. company Korla Xinjiang 841000 China

The tarim Basin is the largest petroliferous basin in the northwest of China, and is composed of a Paleozoic marine craton basin and a Meso-Cenozoic continental foreland basin. It is of great significance in exploration of Ordovician. In over 50 years of exploration, oil and gas totaling over 1.6 billion tonnes oil-equivalent has been discovered in the Ordovician carbonate formation. The accumulation mechanisms and distribution rules are quite complicated because of the burial depth more than 3,500 m, multi-source, and multi-stage accumulation, adjustment, reconstruction and re-enrichment in Ordovician. In this paper, we summarized four major advances in the hydrocarbon accumulation mechanisms of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs. First, oil came from Cambrian and Ordovician source rocks separately and as a mixture, while natural gas was mainly cracked gas generated from the Cambrian-Lower Ordovician crude oil. Second, most hydrocarbon migrated along unconformities and faults, with different directions in different regions. Third, hydrocarbon migration and accumulation had four periods： Caledonian, early Hercynian, late Hercynian and Himalayan, and the latter two were the most important for oil and gas exploration. Fourth, hydrocarbon accumulation and evolution can be generally divided into four stages： Caledonian （the period of hydrocarbon accumulation）, early Hercynian （the period of destruction）, late Hercynian （the period of hydrocarbon reconstruction and re-accumulation）, and Himalayan （the period of hydrocarbon adjustment and re-accumulation）. Source rocks （S）, combinations of reservoir-seal （C）, paleo-uplifts （M）, structure balance belt （B） matched in the same time （T） control the hydrocarbon accumulation and distribution in the Ordovician formations. Reservoir adjustment and reconstruction can be classified into two modes of physical adjustment and variation of chemical compositions and five mechanisms. These mechanisms are occurrence displacement, biodegradat

关键词： tarim Basin carbonate reservoirs oil and gas exploration of the Ordovician hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism hydrocarbon enrichment rule

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自组织神经网络地震岩相分析

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新疆石油地质 2004年第5期25卷 532-534页

作者：杨世明孙龙德杨新华中国石油塔里木油田分公司博士后站新疆库尔勒841000 中国石油塔里木油田分公司新疆库尔勒841000

自组织神经网络据研究对象属性特征的相似性,将对象按要求类别数对分类进行正确归类,避免了BP神经网络必须提供学习样本的缺点。通过地震数据自动识别地震岩相,在塔里木盆地LGX油田应用取得了明显效果。在岩相图上解释了6条近东西向展... 详细信息

自组织神经网络据研究对象属性特征的相似性,将对象按要求类别数对分类进行正确归类,避免了BP神经网络必须提供学习样本的缺点。通过地震数据自动识别地震岩相,在塔里木盆地LGX油田应用取得了明显效果。在岩相图上解释了6条近东西向展布的断裂,这些断裂控制了LGX油田的油气分布,与实钻结果相符,说明自组织神经网络碳酸盐岩储集层的有效性。

关键词：自组织神经网地震岩相塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩储集层地震数据处理

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Classification of carbonate gas condensate reservoirs using well test and production data analyses

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Petroleum Science 2011年第1期8卷 70-78页

作者： Li Yong Li Baozhu Hu Yongle Xia Jing Liu Zhaowei Deng Xingliang She Zhicheng Fan Kun Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083.China China National oil ＆ Gas Exploration and Development Corporation PetroChinaBeijing 100034China tarim oil{2. {2. PetroChinaKorlaXingjiang 841000China

Carbonate reservoir patterns play an important role in the production performance of oil and gas wells,and it is usually classified through static data analysis which cannot reflect the actual well *** paper takes the Tazhong No.1 gas field in the {2. Basin,China as an example to investigate the classification of carbonate *** classification method mainly combines well test analysis with production analysis—especially the Blasingame type curve *** on the characteristics of type curves for well test analysis and the Blasingame method,the relationship between the type curves and reservoir pattern was *** than 2. wells were analyzed and the reservoirs were classified into 3 major patterns with 7 ***,the classification results were validated by dynamic performance analysis of wells in the Tazhong No.1 gas *** the basis of the classification results,well stimulation（*** flooding in a single well） was carried out in three volatile-oil wells,and the oil recovery increased by up to 2.%.

关键词： Carbonate reservoir pattern well test analysis production analysis type curve

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Advances and problems in hydrocarbon exploration in the Tazhong area, tarim Basin

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Petroleum Science 2010年第2期7卷 164-178页

作者： Zhou Xinyuan Pang Xiongqi Li Qiming Pang Hong Xiang Caifu Jiang Zhenxne Li Sumei Liu Luofu tarim oil{2. {2. PetroChina Korla Xinjiang 841000 China Basin and Reservoir Research Center China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting Beijing 102249 China

Located in the middle of the tarim Basin, Tazhong is a typical area of compound reservoirs rich in oil and gas found in the Carboniferous, Silurian and Ordovician strata. The proved, probable and possible reserves （3P reserves） in the area amount to 5×108 tons, so it is of great significance to study the advances and problems in hydrocarbon exploration in the Tazhong area. On the basis of exploration history and analysis of scientific problems, we outline eight achievements： distribution characteristics of reservoirs, stages of reservoir formation, different sources of oil and gas and their respective contributions, the effective regional caprock and reservoir-caprock combinations dominating the vertical distribution of hydrocarbon reservoirs, the control of the Tazhong Palaeo-uplift on reservoir formation and establishing geologic models, structure balance belts influencing the reconstruction and residual potential of reservoirs after accumulation, the rules and mechanisms of fractures controlling oil and gas, and the types of favorable reservoirs and their characteristics of controlling oil and gas distribution. We further point out the main problems about the oil and gas exploration in the Tazhong area and put forward some relevant proposals.

关键词： tarim Basin petroleum geology and exploration controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation rules of hydrocarbon accumulation

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Hydrocarbon migration and accumulation along the fault intersection zone-a case study on the reef-flat systems of the No.1 slope break zone in the Tazhong area, tarim Basin

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Petroleum Science 2010年第2期7卷 211-225页

作者： Xiang Caifu Pang Xiongqi Yang Wenjing Wang Jianzhong LiQiming Liu Luofu Li Yanqun State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Basin and Reservoir Research Center School of Natural Resources and Information Technology China University ofPetroleum Beijing 102249 China petrochina tarim {2.{2. company Korla Xinjiang 841000 China

Understanding hydrocarbon migration and accumulation mechanisms is one of the key scientif ic problems that should be solved for effective hydrocarbon exploration in the superimposed basins developed in northwest China. The northwest striking No.1 slope break zone, which is a representative of superimposed basins in the tarim Basin, can be divided into five parts due to the intersection of the northeast strike-slip faults. Controlled by the tectonic framework, the types and properties of reservoirs and the hydrocarbon compositions can also be divided into five parts from east to west. Anomalies of all the parameters were found on the fault intersection zone and weakened up-dip along the structural ridge away from it. Thus, it can be inferred that the intersection zone is the hydrocarbon charging position. This new conclusion differs greatly from the traditional viewpoint, which believes that the hydrocarbon migrates and accumulates along the whole plane of the No.1 slope break zone. The viewpoint is further supported by the evidence from the theory of main pathway systems, obvious improvement of the reservoir quality （2.3 orders of magnitude at the intersection zone） and the formation mechanisms of the fault intersection zone. Differential hydrocarbon migration and entrapment exists in and around the strike- slip faults. This is controlled by the internal structure of faults. It is concluded that the more complicated the fault structure is, the more significant the effects will be. If there is a deformation band, it will hinder the cross fault migration due to the common feature of two to four orders of magnitude reduction in permeability. Otherwise, hydrocarbons tend to accumulate in the up-dip structure under the control of buoyancy. Further research on the internal fault structure should be emphasized.

关键词： Geologic chromatographic effect fault intersection zone differential hydrocarbon migration and accumulation superimposed basin Tazhong area tarim Basin

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Controls on reservoir quality in the paleogene Kalatar Formation of the southwestern region of the tarim Basin,China

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Petroleum Science 2011年第3期8卷 302-315页

作者： Yang Haijun Shen Jian-Wei Wang Xu Zhang Lijuan Li Meng Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology of CAS South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 China Exploration and Development Research Institute Tarim Oilfield Company Petroleum Company Limited Korla 841000 China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The Paleogene Kalatar Formation is a main target for petroleum ex12. ploration in the southwestern region of the tarim Basin （SWRTB） and a systematical summary of controls on reservoirs of high quality has important implications for this area. According to outcrop analysis, as well as core, and laboratory experiments based on theories of sedimentology, it can be inferred that the main pore types in the Kalatar Formation are moldic, vuggy, intercrystalline and interparticle pores, fractures, and mudstone microporosity, respectively. The foreshore in the shore-shelf depositional model is the most favorable target, wherein grainstone and dolomitized grainstone are characterized by high quality in a middle ramp subfacies of the carbonate ramp model. Diagenetic factors, such as micritization, cementation, compaction, neomorphism, silicification, and pyritization, are detrimental for reservoirs. At the same time, leaching and dolomitization can improve the quality of reservoirs. Permeability of reservoirs can be greatly improved by fractures, through which quality of reservoirs can be effectively enhanced. Concentration of CO2. temperature, and humidity are affected by changes in climate, which can have an influence on depositional setting, composition and diagenesis of sediments, and eventually the properties of reservoirs. The hot and arid climate of the Paleogene was harmful to development of reservoirs, which is demonstrated in the contemporaneous diagenetic and epigenetic stages. Shallow and deep-burial diagenesis are closely related to the formation and the connate water, however these are rarely affected by paleo-climatic variation. There is possible erosion that mainly resulted from organic acid in relative well intervals according to indications of hydrocarbons in the early diagenetic stage. Fracture systems can be established when acidic fluids are ernplaced during periods of uplift, by which pores can be effectively enlarged during the late diagenetic stages.

关键词： Kalatar Formation sedimentary facies diagenesis dolomitization fractures climaticconditions Tarirn Basin

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Poly-phase salt tectonics and hydrocarbon accumulation in tarim superimposed basin,northwest China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2004年第Z2期47卷 104-113页

作者： TANG Liangjie1,2. JIN Zhijun1’3, JIAChengzao1’4, Pl Xuejun5 & CHEN Suping1,2.1. Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Education Ministry, Beijing 102.49, China 2. Basin & Reservoir Research Center, University of Petroleum, Beijing 102.49, China 3. Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China 4. petrochina company Limited, Beijing 100011, China 5. {2. oilfield company, petrochina company Ltd., korla 841000, China Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Education Ministry Beijing 102249 China Basin & Reservoir Research Center University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Education Ministry Beijing 102249 China Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Education Ministry Beijing 102249 China petrochina company Limited Beijing 100011 China tarim oil{2. {2. PetroChina Company Ltd. Korla 841000 China

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the poly-phase salt tectonics and its relation to the hydrocarbon accumulation of the tarim superimposed basin. Several salt sequences are developed in the tarim basin, they are: (1) the Mid-Early Cambrian salt sequence, mainly distributed in the west part of the north tarim uplift and Keping uplift; (2. the Early Carboniferous salt sequence, mainly distributed in the south slope of the north tarim uplift; (3) the Paleogene salt sequence, mainly distributed in the mid-west part of the Kuqa foreland fold belt and north tarim uplift; and (4) the Miocene salt sequence, mainly distributed in the east part of the Kuqa foreland fold belt. The salt sequences deposited in the tectonically calm scenario, while the salt layers deformed during the period of intense tectonism. Although the salt sequences are characteristic of plastic flow, the differences of salt deformation styles exist in the different salt sequences be-cause of the different deformation mechanism. It is attractive that the distribution of the large oil-gas fields or pools has a bearing upon the salt sequences and salt structures, such as the Tahe oilfield related to the Lower Carboniferous salt sequence and laterally facies changed mudstone, the Kela No.2.gas field to the Paleogene salt structures, and the Dina gas field to the Miocene salt structures. It is indicated that the large-scale hydrocarbon accumulation is con-trolled by the poly-phase salt sequences and structures. The deep analysis of the poly-phase salt tectonics is helpful to understanding the characteristics of the structural deformation and oil-gas accumulation of the tarim basin.

关键词： superimposed basin, salt tectonics, hydrocarbon accumulation, tarim basin.

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Characteristics of Paleozoic clastic reservoirs and the relationship with hydrocarbon accumulation in the Tazhong area of the tarim Basin, west China

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Petroleum Science 2010年第2期7卷 192-200页

作者： Wang Zhaoming Liu Luofu Yang Haijun Wang Weili ZhangBaoshou Han Jianfa petrochina tarim {2.{2. company Korla Xinjiang 841000 China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Basin and Reservoir Research Center China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China

In order to predict favorable exploration areas of the Paleozoic, Carboniferous and Silurian clastic reservoirs in the Tazhong area of the tarim Basin, west China, we studied the basic characteristics of Paleozoic clastic reservoirs in the Tazhong area based on a lot of data. Several issues about the hydrocarbon accumulation related to the reservoirs were also discussed. The results were concluded that： the high-value areas of the porosity and permeability of clastic reservoirs were located in the southeast of the Tazhong area; the content of cement （carbonate cement in particular） was the main factor controlling the porosity and permeability of clastic reservoirs; the hydrocarbon distributions of Carboniferous and Silurian clastic reservoirs were closely related to the porosity and permeability; the favorable hydrocarbon accumulation areas of the two sets of strata were located in the southeast of this area, especially in the updip pinch-out area.

关键词： Clastic reservoir Carboniferous Silurian Paleozoic hydrocarbon accumulation Tazhong area tarim Basin

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Neogene deformation of the Kuqa-Tianshan Basin-range System

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Science China Earth Sciences 2004年第Z2期47卷 53-65页

作者： WANG Qingchen1, ZHANG Zhongpei1, LIN Wei1, SONG Wenjie2.& GUO Hong2.1. Laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonic Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002., China 2. tarim Petroleum company, CNPC,{2., China Laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonic Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China tarim Petroleum company CNPC Korla 841000 China

The Neogene deformation of the Kuqa-Tianshan Basin-range System is character-ized by discrepancy in paleostress patterns on the basin-range boundary and in the basin interior, and by discrepancy in deformation styles of the basement and the cover. Measurement and paleostress reconstruction of the brittle faults display a stress pattern with NW-SE and/or NNW-SSE extension on the basin margin and NW-SE compression in the basin interior. The basement was cut into blocks separated by boundary faults and upthrusts that were recognized in the seismic reflection profile. The block-faulting could have caused vertical uplift of the basement and gravitational sliding in the overlying sedimentary cover. Theoretical calculation indicates two generations of potential decollement folds within the basin, with one being mudstone in the Triassic Huangshanjie formation and the other the Cenozoic salt-gypsum layers.

关键词： Kuqa basin, Tianshan Mountains, Neogene, paleostress, gravitational slide.

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