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A prototype auto-human support system for spatial analysis

Progress in natural Science:Materials International 2006年第9期16卷 954-966页

作者： LI Lianfa and WANG Jinfeng (state key {2. of resources & environmental Information system, institute of geographical sciences & natural resources Research, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100101, China) [a]state key {2. of resources & environmental Information system Institute of Geographical Sciences & Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy Sciences Beijing China

Spatial analysis is a multidisciplinary field that involves multiple influential factors, variation and uncertainty, and modeling of geospatial data is a complex procedure affected by spatial context, mechanism and assumptions. In order to make spatial modeling easier, some scholars have suggested a lot of knowledge from exploratory data analysis (EDA), specification of the model, fitness and diagnosis of the model, to interpretation of the model. Also an amount of software has improved some functionalities of spatial analysis, e. g. EDA by the dynamic link (GeoDa) and robust statistical calculation (R). However, there are few programs for spatial analysis that can automatically deal with unstructured declarative issues and uncertainty in machine modeling using the domain knowledge. Under this context, this paper suggests a prototype support system for spatial analysis that can automatically use experience and knowledge from the experts to deal with complexity and uncertainty in modeling. The knowledge base component, as the major contribution of the system, in support of the expert system shell, codes and stores declarative modeling knowledge, e.g. spatial context, mechanisms and prior knowledge to deal with declarative issues during the modeling procedure. With the open architecture, the system integrates functionalities of other components, e.g. GIS’ visualization, DBMS, and robust calculation in an interactive environment. An application case of spatial sampling, design and implementation of spatial modeling with such a system is demonstrated.

关键词： spatial analysis automatic support system modeling of spatial data artificial inference for modeling.

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GIS and ANN model for landslide susceptibility mapping

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Journal of geographical sciences 2001年第3期11卷 374-381页

作者： XU Zeng-wang (state key {2. of resources and environment Information system, institute of geographic sciences and natural resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China) state key {2. of resources and environment Information system Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS

Landslide hazard is as the probability of occurrence of a potentially damaging landslide phenomenon within specified period of time and within a given area. The susceptibility map provides the relative spatial probability of landslides occurrence. A study is presented of the application of GIS and artificial neural network model to landslide susceptibility mapping, with particular reference to landslides on natural terrain in this paper. The method has been applied to Lantau Island, the largest outlying island within the territory of Hong Kong. A three-level neural network model was constructed and trained by the back-propagate algorithm in the geographical database of the study area. The data in the database includes digital elevation modal and its derivatives, landslides distribution and their attributes, superficial geological maps, vegetation cover, the raingauges distribution and their 14 years 5-minute observation. Based on field inspection and analysis of correlation between terrain variables and landslides frequency, lithology, vegetation cover, slope gradient, slope aspect, slope curvature, elevation, the characteristic value, the rainstorms corresponding to the landslide, and distance to drainage Une are considered to be related to landslide susceptibility in this study. The artificial neural network is then coupled with the ArcView3.2.GIS software to produce the landslide susceptibility map, which classifies the susceptibility into three levels: low, moderate, and high. The results from this study indicate that GIS coupled with artificial neural network model is a flexible and powerful approach to identify the spatial probability of hazards.

关键词： GIS artificial neural network model landslide susceptibility mapping

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Spatial distribution characteristics of urban thermal conditions: application of GIS and remote sensing

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Journal of geographical sciences 2001年第3期11卷 261-270页

作者： ZHOU Hong-mei1, ZHOU Cheng-hu2. GE Wei-qiang1, DING Jin-cai3 (1. Shanghai Meteorological institute, Shanghai 2.0030, China 2. state {2. laboratory of resources and environment Information system, institute of geographic sciences and natural resources state key {2. of resources and environment Information system Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Shanghai Meteorological institute Meteorological Center

The urban thermal distribution characteristics and its variation are dynamically monitored and synthetically analyzed by using GIS technology. The meteorological satellite data serve as main information source, assisted as auxiliary information sources by the landsat satellite TM data, land use thematic maps and meteorological observed data. A correlated pattern on the ground surface brightness temperatures and air temperatures has been studied and established with good performance of application.

关键词： remote sensing geographic information system urban thermal distribution application and study

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Modeling of Hillslope Runoff and Soil Erosion at Rainfall Events Using Cellular Automata Approach

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Pedosphere 2009年第6期19卷 711-718页

作者： MA Ting ZHOU Cheng-Hu CAI Qiang-Guo state key {2. of resources and environmental Information system Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 (China) Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 (China)

A novel quantitative cellular automata (CA) model that simulates and predicts hillslope runoff and soil erosion caused by rainfall events was developed by integrating the local interaction rules and the hillslope surface hydraulic processes. In this CA model, the hillslope surface was subdivided into a series of discrete spatial cells with the same geometric features. At each time step, water and sediment were transported between two adjacent spatial cells. The flow direction was determined by a combination of water surface slope and stochastic assignment. The amounts of interchanged water and sediment were computed using the Chezy-Manning formula and the empirical sediment transport equation. The water and sediment discharged from the open boundary cells were considered as the runoff and the sediment yields over the entire hillslope surface. Two hillslope soil erosion experiments under simulated rainfall events were carried out. Cumulative runoff and sediment yields were measured, respectively. Then, the CA model was applied to simulate the water and soil erosion for these two experiments. Analysis of simulation results indicated that the size of the spatial cell, hydraulic parameters, and the setting of time step and iteration times had a large impact on the model accuracy. The comparison of the simulated and measured data suggested that the CA model was an applicable alternate for simulating the hillslope water flow and soil erosion.

关键词： hillslope surface hydraulic parameters sediment simulation water

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Differential Hydrological Grey Model (DHGM) with self-memory function and its application to flood forecasting

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Science China(Technological sciences) 2009年第4期52卷 1039-1049页

作者： CHEN XiangDong1, XIA Jun1,2.& XU Qian3 1 key laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes,{2. Research, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100101, China 2.state key laboratory of Water resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072. China 3 School of Hydrology and Water resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 2.0098, China 1. key laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China 2. state key {2. of Water resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China 3. School of Hydrology and Water resources Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China

This paper addresses a problem of flood forecasting with the self-memory function. Considering flood forecasting’s uncertainty and updating demand, a hybrid hydrological model, namely Differential Hy- drological Grey Model with self-memory function (DHGM-SM), is developed. The model has two fold features. One is to establish a self-memorization equation linked with DHGM, that could extract useful information from past data series and realize updating of hydrological dynamic process. The other is that this model has higher efficiency relative to original hydrological model without self-memory func- tion. This approach was applied to river flow forecasting of two representative basins in Tunxi of South China and Daqinggou of North China. It is shown that this hybrid method has satisfactory forecasting accuracy by examination of both calibration and validation.

关键词： differential grey model the self-memorization principle real-time forecasting faded-memory recursive least square method

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Saline-alkali land in the Yellow River Delta: amelioration zonation based on GIS

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Journal of geographical sciences 2001年第3期11卷 313-320页

作者： GUAN Yuan-xiu, LIU Gao-huan, WANG Jin-feng (state key {2. of resources and environment Information system, institute of geographic sciences and natural resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China) state key {2. of resources and environment Information system Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS

Soil salinization is one of the major land degradation types and has greatly influenced sustainable agricultural development. Zonation of saline-alkali land is the precondition for effective amelioration. The present situation of saline-alkali land is monitored by remote sensing image processing. Causes for land salinization are analyzed, especially the two key factors, ground water depth and its mineralization degree, are analyzed by using long-term observation data. Previously, zonation of saline-alkali soil was made descriptively and artificially. Based on the present situation of saline-alkali land, ground water depth and ground water mineralization degree, the zonation of saline-alkali land for amelioration in the Yellow River Delta was completed quantitatively. Four different types of saline-alkali land amelioration zones are delineated, namely, easy ameliorated zone, relatively difficult ameliorated zone, difficult ameliorated zone and unfavorable ameliorated zone. Countermeasures for ameliorating saline-alkali soils are put forward according to ecological conditions of different saline-alkali land zones.

关键词： GIS the Yellow River Delta saline-alkali land zonation

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Origin Distribution Patterns and Floating Population Modeling:Yiwu City as a Destination

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Chinese geographical Science 2012年第3期22卷 367-380页

作者： LI Hongsheng WANG Yingjie HAN Jiafu state key Laboratoty of {2. and environmental Information system Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Existing quantitative migration studies are mainly at the inter-region or inter-province level for lacking of detailed geo-referenced migration ***,few of them integrate explorative spatial data analysis and spatial regression model into migration *** on aggregated registered floating population data from 2.05 to 2.08,the phenomena that population floating to Yiwu City in Zhejiang Province is analyzed at the provincial and county *** spatial layout of Yiwu's pull forces is proved as a V-shaped pattern excluding Sichuan Province based on map visualization *** the migration ratio in 2.07 as an explanatory variable,two models are compared using ordinary least square,spatial error model and spatial lag model methods for county-level data in Jiangxi and Anhui *** model with migration stock provides an improved fitting over the model without migration stock according to the model fitting *** floating population flocking into Yiwu City from Jiangxi is determined mostly by migration stock while the determinant factors are migration stock and distance to Yiwu City for *** distance-decay effect is true for migration flow from Anhui to Yiwu City while the distance rule is not confirmed in Jiangxi with the best fitting *** correlation between per capita net income of rural labor forces and migration ratio is not significant in Jiangxi and significant but at the 0.1 level only in *** analysis shows that the distance,income and man-land ratio are important factors to explain population floating at earlier ***,as the dynamic population floating process evolves,the determinant factor would be migration stock.

关键词： floating population origin distribution visualization spatial regression model Yiwu City GIS

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Endolithic fungi:A possible killer for the mass extinction of Cretaceous dinosaurs

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Science China Earth sciences 2008年第6期51卷 801-807页

作者： GONG YiMing1,2. XU Ran1 & HU Bi2.1 key laboratory of Biogeology and {2.al Geology of Ministry of Education, state key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China 2.institute of resources and {2. key laboratory of Biogenic Traces & Sedimentary Minerals of Henan Province, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China 1. key laboratory of Biogeology and {2.al Geology of Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China 2. institute of resources and {2. key laboratory of Biogenic Traces & Sedimentary Minerals of Henan Province Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo 454003 China

Mycelium-like structures found under ESEM within radial sections of fragmental dinosaur eggshells would be the endolithic fungi coexistent with dinosaur eggs in the upper part of the Late Cretaceous Hugang Formation from the Wenjiaping section of Wenxian, Danjiangkou, northwestern Hubei, Central China. The endolithic fungi selectively occurred in the bad biomineral zone within the columnar layer of the eggshells, where the crowded endolithic fungi penetrated the columnar layer at near-vertical or near-horizontal angles. The endolithic fungi are needle-like, ribbon-like and silk-like, and 5–18 μm long, 0.3–0.5 μm wide at their base, with pointed tip, and are unbranched. The hyphae are mainly composed of oxygen, carbon and calcium, and are with minor sodium, potassium, chlorine and sulfur. The endolithic fungi and host have the same characters in lithification, fracture and main chemical composition. We suggested that the episode endolithic fungi invading dinosaur eggs may have taken place in the interval between after formation of dinosaur eggshells and before their petrification and that dinosaur eggs invaded by endolithic fungi would not be normally incubated or would only be incubated into venerable and pathologic baby dinosaurs to be easily to aborted and contributed to the mass extinction of the dinosaurs at the end of Cretaceous.

关键词： endolithic fungi dinosaur eggs mass extinction Cretaceous

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2./3D-QSAR comparative study on mutagenicity of nitroaromatics

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Science China Chemistry 2005年第3期48卷 246-252页

作者： WANG Xiaodong1, LIN Zhifen2. YIN Daqiang1, LIU Shushen1 & WANG Liansheng1 1. state key {2. of Pollution Control and resources Reuse, School of the environment at Nanjing University, Nanjing 2.0093, China 2. key {2. of Tropical Marine environmental Dynamics, South China Sea institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of sciences, Guangzhou 510301,China 1. state key {2. of Pollution Control and resources Reuse School of the Environment at Nanjing University 210093 Nanjing China 2. key laboratory of Tropical Marine {2.al Dynamics South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences 510301 Guangzhou China

Nitroaromatics are typical toxic organic pollutants and are ubiquitous in environment with diverse structures. They are widely used in many industries and formed during many natural and anthropogenic processes. Most of these pollutants are potentially carcinogenic and the as-sessment and prediction of the mutagenicity of nitroaromatics are of great interest. In this paper the structure-mutagenicity relationships of 2.9 nitroaromatics are investigated by molecular or-bital theory based classic structure-activity relationships and comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA). A comparison is undertaken in respect of the interpretation of mechanism and predic-tive ability for these two categories of QSAR approaches and highly predictive QSAR models have been developed.

关键词： nitroaromatics, mutagenicity, mechanism, 3D-QSAR, CoMFA.

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Node ordinal encoded genetic algorithm for the optimal allocation of water resources

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Progress in natural Science:Materials International 2005年第5期15卷 448-452页

作者： YANG Xiaohua1*, YANG Zhifeng 1,2. SHEN Zhenyao1 and LI Jianqiang3(1. state key {2. of Water environment Simulation, School of environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 2. key {2. for Water and Sediment sciences Ministry of Education, School of environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 3. Water resources and Hydropower Planning and Design General institute, MWR, Beijing 100011, China) state key {2. of Water environment Simulation School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China key laboratory for Water and Sediment {2. Ministry of Education School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Water resources and Hydropower Planning and Design General institute MWR Beijing 100011 China

A new method, node ordinal encoded genetic algorithm (NOEGA), is proposed for solving water resources optimal allocation problems, in which the capacity of water resources is split into a number of smaller parts so that successive operations can be overlapped. Our objective is to maximize the whole benefit function. To overcome the “dimensionality and algorithm complexity curse” while searching for solutions and looking for an optimal solution, the operations of one-point crossover operator, gene exchange operator, gene random operator, gene shift operator and node ordinal strings are established. It is proved to be an effective optimal method in searching for global solutions. The NOEGA does not need a diversity of initial population, and it does not have the problem of immature convergence. The results of two cases show that using NOEGA to solve the optimal allocation model is very efficient and robust. In addition, the algorithm complexity of NOEGA is discussed.

关键词： water resources optimal allocation node ordinal code genetic algorithm.

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