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Correlation of coral fluorescence with nearshore rainfall and runoff in Hainan Island, South china Sea

Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2002年第1期 43-46页

作者： PENG Zicheng, HE Xuexian, ZHANG Zhaofeng, ZHOU Jie, SHENG Liusi and GAO Hui( Department of earth and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of china, Hefei 2.002., china state key laboratory of loess and quaternary geology, institute of earth Environment, chinese {12. of Sciences, xi' an 710043, china National Synchrotron Radiation laboratory, University of Science and Technology of china, Hefei 2.002., china. ) Department of earth and Space Science，University of Science and Technology of china，Hefei 2.002.，{2. state key {2. of loess and quaternary geology，institute of earth Environment，chinese academy of Sciences，xi'an 710043，china Department of earth and Space Science，University of Science and Technology of china，Hefei 2.002.，{2. state key {2. of loess and quaternary geology，institute of earth Environment，chinese academy of Sciences，xi'an 710043，china National Synchrotron Radiation laboratory，University of Science and Technology of china，Hefei 2.002.，{2..

Under UV-laser excitation, the Porites coral from Longwan bay waters, Hainan Island, could emit yellow-green fluorescence. After fitting the data of the fluorescent intensity (FI) of the coral with the rainfall (RF) in nearshore area of Qionghai, a good relationship between FI and RF was found with a linear formula of RF= 889 - 4. 54 FI and a correlation coefficient of 0.78. Based on this formula, the rainfall sequence from 1982.to 1997 has been reconstructed. The peak annual rainfall is usually related to global El'nino events. By fitting the data of the fluorescent intensity and the runoff (RO), a quadric formula was obtained as RO = - 0.02.9FI2.- 18.59 FI- 950.9 with a correlation coefficient of 0.74. The reconstructed runoff sequence from 1982.to 1997 coincided with the rainfall occurrence . The results indicate that flood and drought incidents in coastal areas of the south china are affected by global change to a great extent.

关键词： UV laser coral fluorescence nearshore rainfall river mouth runoff correlation analysis.

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Characteristics of elemental carbon and organic carbon in PM2.5 during winter in rural area of Guanzhong Plain

Characteristics of elemental carbon and organic carbon in PM...

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第五届海峡两岸气溶胶技术研讨会

作者： C.S.Zhu~(1,3) J.J.Cao~(1,2.) Z.X.Shen~2.S.X.Liu~(1,3) (~1 state key {2. of loess &(?)ternary geology,institute of earth Environment,chinese academy of Sciences,xi’an,china) (~2.Department of environmental Science &(?)echnology,xi’an Jiaotong University,xi’an,china ~3 Graduate School,chinese academy of Sciences,Beijing,china)

Three rural sites (LT、WN and HX) located in Guanzhong Plain were selected with a view to characterize both indoor and outdoor concentrations of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) using a thermal optical reflectance (TOR) *** OC and EC concentrations and their contributions to PM mass,as well as correlation between OC and EC,were investigated in *** PM,the average 2.-hr outdoor mass concentration was 2.7μg/m,whilst those of which for OC and EC were 58.6μg/m and 6.6μg/m respectively,accounting for 2.% and 2.5% of the outdoor PM *** average 2.-hr PM indoor mass concentration was 2.7μg/m,and the concentrations of which indoor OC and EC were 61μg/m and 6.2.g/m account for 2.% and 2.6% *** average ratio of indoor to outdoor concentrations (I/O ratio) of PM2.5 was *** average I/O ratios of OC and EC were 1.04 and 0.94 respectively. Indoor PM levels tended to be the highest at WN,and outdoor levels to be the highest at *** OC level seemed to be the highest at HX for both indoors and *** LT and HX,EC was higher outdoors than *** the contrary,EC was lower than OC at *** could be due to the influence of indoor and outdoor sources and air exchange rates.

关键词： Elemental carbon Organic carbon Guanzhong Plain

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The new basic theory on quaternary environmental research

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2004年第2期14卷 242-250页

作者： ZHAO Jingbo 1, 2. 3 (1. Department of Geography, Shaanxi Normal University, xi’an 710062. china 2. Center for Historical Environment and Socio-Economic Development in Northwest china, Shaanxi Normal University, xi’an 710062. china 3. state key laboratory of loess and quaternary, institute of earth Environment, CAS, xi’an 710075, china) Department of Geography Shaanxi Normal University Xi’an China Center for Historical Environment and Socio-Economic Development in Northwest china Shaanxi Normal University Xi’an China state key {2. of loess and quaternary Institute of Earth Environment CAS Xi’an China

On the basis of extensive survey to the quaternary paleosols, soils and weathering layers in the vast northern china and the {2. Plateau, we found some unusually special phenomena of chemical components such as unsuccessive illuvium, twin illuviums, unusually thick illuvium and multi-illuviums etc. According to the analysis on the content of CaCO 3 and the data of penetrating experiment, a new theory of illuvial depth or removal depth of CaCO 3 in weathering and leaching belt was constructed, which indicates that the time of CaCO 3 removing to the illuvial depth is very short, and the effect of time factor on illuvial depth can be ignored. The theory can be taken as a credible foundation for studying many geological and geographical problems in weathering and leaching belt. When the illuvial depth of CaCO 3 is bigger than the thickness of developing belt of soil or paleosol, it can be determined that the paleosol has turned into weathering crust. When the illuvial depth of CaCO 3 is bigger than the thickness of paleosol, paleosol is leaching moderately acid soil. When two, three layers or unusually thick CaCO 3 illuviums exist in the same weathering section or at the bottom of the same paleosol, there were two or more periods forming paleosol and corresponding climatic stages at that time. On the basis of the equation of relationship between mean annual rainfall (y) and illuvial depth of CaCO 3 (x) (y = 305.5x + 168.5) determined in the paper, mean annual precipitation during the development of paleosol can be calculated.

关键词： new illuvial theory quaternary soils CaCO_3 remove illuvial types illuvial depth

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黄土形成与演变模式

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土壤学报 2002年第4期39卷 459-466,T001页

作者：赵景波陕西师范大学地理系

黄土具有土壤的结构、有机质和淀积产物,黄土主要是风尘堆积后经草原区、森林草原区和荒漠草原区的成壤过程形成的。黄土所经受的成壤作用主要是生物作用、弱淋溶作用、CaCO3的迁移和富集作用以及部分地区的粘化作用。黄土是在相对冷干... 详细信息

黄土具有土壤的结构、有机质和淀积产物,黄土主要是风尘堆积后经草原区、森林草原区和荒漠草原区的成壤过程形成的。黄土所经受的成壤作用主要是生物作用、弱淋溶作用、CaCO3的迁移和富集作用以及部分地区的粘化作用。黄土是在相对冷干气候条件下发育的成熟的灰黄色古土壤,不同地区黄土所属土壤类型主要为灰钙土、栗钙土、棕钙土、棕漠土和黑垆土。黄土形成模式主要是风尘堆积后经不同的成壤作用转变为灰黄色土壤的模式,黄土的演变主要是黄土在后期风化过程、后期成壤过程和成岩过程中发生的变化。

关键词：黄土形成演变模式形成因素

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Grain-size distribution characteristics of red sandy sediments in Dongjiang River valley,southern Nanling Mountains,during the MIS2.stage

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2009年第5期1卷 443-447页

作者： ShuHuan Du 1,BaoSheng Li 1,2.DongFeng Niu 1,xiaoHao Wen 1,FengNian Wang 1,xianJiao Ou 1,Yi Yang 1,YueJun Si 1,xinNan Zhao 1 1.Department of Geography,South china Normal University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510631,china 2.{2. key laboratory of loess and quaternary geology,institute of earth Environment,chinese academy of Sciences,xi’an,Shaanxi 710061,china South china Normal Univ Dept Geog Guangzhou 510631 Guangdong Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Inst Earth Environm State Key Lab Loess & Quaternary Geol Xian 710061 Shaanxi Peoples R China

Layer LJ3 of Linjiang stratigraphic section in Dongjiang River valley in the south of the Nanling Mountains is a set of red sandy *** by thermoluminescence(TL) dating,it was found to be formed in MIS2.9,500 ± 800 yr to 19,600 ± 1,800 yr *** analy-sis of the grain sizes of the 16 samples(LJ3-100 to LJ3-85) in this layer,it was discovered that(1) The contents of each grain group in dif-ferent samples are similar.(2. The values of Md,Mz,,Sk,and Kg vary from LJ3-100 to LJ3-85 in a narrow range.(3) The segments of each sample in the accumulative curves extend parallel with similar *** the three aspects reveal the Aeolian characteristics of Layer ***,it is thought that Layer LJ3 consists of red sandy sediments formed in MIS2.in the south of Nanling Mountain,which reflects the arid climate at that time.

关键词： Nanling Mountain Range Dongjiang River valley red sandy sediment grain-size analysis arid environment

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Land use induced changes of organic carbon storage in soils of china

Land use induced changes of organic carbon storage in soils ...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2.03学术年会

作者： HAIBIN WU~*,ZHENGTANG GUO~(1+*) and CHANGHUI PENG~(++) *institute of earth Environment,1{2. key laboratory of loess and quaternary geology,chinese academy of Sciences,xi’an 710075,china,+institute of geology and Geophysics,chinese academy of Sciences,PO Box 982.,Beijing 10002.,china,++institute of Atmospheric Sciences,South Dakota School of Mines and Technology 501 E.St Joseph,Rapid City,SD 57701-3995,USA

Using the data compiled from china’s second national soil survey and an improved method of soil carbon bulk density,we have estimated the changes of soil organic carbon due to land use,and compared the spatial distribution and storage of soil organic carbon (SOC) in cultivated soils and noncultivated soils in *** results reveal that～57% of the cultivated soil subgroups(～31%of the total soil surface) have experienced a significant carbon loss,ranging from 40%to 10%relative to their noncultivated counterparts. The most significant carbon loss is observed for the non-irrigated soils(dry farmland) within a semiarid/semihumid belt from northeastern to southwestern china, with the maximum loss occurring in northeast *** the contrary,SOC has increased in the paddy and irrigated soils in northwest *** significant change is observed for forest soils in southern china,grassland and desert soils in northwest china,as well as irrigated soils in eastern *** SOC storage and density under noncultivated conditions in china are estimated to～77.4Pg(10g) and～8.8 kg Cm,respectively, compared to a SOC storage of～70.3 Pg and an average SOC density of～8.0 kg Cm under the present-day *** suggests a loss of～7.1 Pg SOC and a decrease of -0.8 kg Cm SOC density due to increasing human activities,in which the loss in organic horizons has contributed to～77%.This total loss of SOC in china induced by land use represents～9.5%of the world’s SOC *** amount is equivalent to～3.5 ppmv of the atmospheric CO ***～78%of the currently cultivated soils in china have been degraded to a low/medium productivities and are responsible for most of the SOC loss,an improved land management,such as the development of irrigated and paddy land uses,would have a considerable potential in restoring the SOC *** a restoration of～50%of the lost SOC during the next 2.-50 years,the soils in china would absorb～3.5 Pg of carbon from the atmosphere.

关键词： carbon density carbon pool human activities soil organic carbon loss

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Chemical Composition and Size Distribution of Airborne Particulate Water-Soluble Species in xi'an,Central china during Spring 2.09:Implications for Heterogeneous Reactions of Anthropogenic Pollutants with Mineral Dust

Chemical Composition and Size Distribution of Airborne Parti...

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第八届海峡两岸气溶胶技术研讨会暨第三届空气污染技术研讨会

作者： Gehui Wang1, Bianhong Zhou2. ianjun Li1, Chunlei Cheng1, Ting Zhang1, Wenting Dai1, Junji Cao1, Renjian Zhang3 1 state key {2. of loess and quaternary geology, institute of earth Environment, chinese academy of Sciences, xi’an 710075, china 2.Department of Geographical Science and Environment Engineering, Baoji University of Art and Science, Baoji 72.013, china 3 key {2. of Regional Climate-Environment for East Asia, institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002., china

PM10 and size-resolved (9-stage) aerosol samples in the urban air of xi’an, china were collected during the spring of 2.09 including a massive dust storm occurring on April 2.th and measured for inorganic ions, water-soluble organic (WSOC) and inorganic carbon (WSIC), water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON), EC and OC. Characteristics of chemical compositions and size-distributions of those measured species in the urban samples were investigated and further compared with those simultaneously observed on the mountaintop of Mt. Hua, which is located about 150 km east to the city, to recognize the impact of dust storm on aerosol chemistry of the downwind region. PM10 in xi’an during the non-dust storm period ranged from 58-42. g m-3 (2.7±79 g m-3), and sharply increased to a 3-hr maximum of 890 g m-3 (av. 589±2.3 g m-3) on the dust storm day (April 2.th). Mass-closure study results showed that during the non-dust storm period organic matters accounted for 2.% of the PM10 particle mass, followed by SO42. (13%), NO3- (10%), water-soluble carbonate (10%), EC (5%), NH4+ (4%), and other ions (7%). In contrast, water-soluble carbonate became the most abundant among the measured species during the dust storm period, accounting for 12. of the PM10 mass, followed by organic matters (11%), SO42. (3%), Ca2.(2.) and NO3- (1.5%). Such a changes in chemical compositions suggests a significant heterogeneous reaction of acidic gases (e.g., H2.O4, HNO3, SO2.and N2.5) with dust to form water-soluble mineral compounds. A bimodal size distribution of particles was observed during the non-dust time with two equivalent peaks in the fine (2.1 m) and coarse (>2.1 m) ranges, in contrast to a unimodal pattern (i.e., coarse mode) observed on the dusty day. All the measured ions except NH4+ significant shifted toward larger particles during the dust storm time. Similar size-distribution patterns of particles were found on the mountaintop of Mt. Hua, which are bimodal during the non-dust period and

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关中地区不同耕作历史土壤的微形态特征及对比研究

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土壤通报 2009年第3期40卷 476-481页

作者：庞奖励张卫青黄春长张旭查小春陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院陕西西安710062 中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室陕西西安710075

用显微镜和Qwin软件对关中地区不同耕作历史土壤A和B的微形态进行了观察和定量分析.结果表明:耕作土壤具有Ap-(BC)-C构造;不同土壤粗颗粒主要由石英和长石组成,但不同矿物间的比例、颗粒形态、C/F(10μm)值等有明显差异.耕作历史和方式... 详细信息

用显微镜和Qwin软件对关中地区不同耕作历史土壤A和B的微形态进行了观察和定量分析.结果表明:耕作土壤具有Ap-(BC)-C构造;不同土壤粗颗粒主要由石英和长石组成,但不同矿物间的比例、颗粒形态、C/F(10μm)值等有明显差异.耕作历史和方式对矿物组合影响不明显,但对颗粒形态有显著的影响,耕作时间愈长,颗粒的长度、等圆直径、周长和面积减小和圆度增加愈明显。

关键词：土壤微形态耕作历史关中地区

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高地降温效应与构造-气候旋回

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山地学报 2007年第4期25卷 400-405页

作者：张信宝贺秀斌汪阳春中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所四川成都610041 中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室陕西西安710075 中国科学学院研究生院北京100049

基于辐射平衡的原理,提出'高地降温效应'假说,阐明高原隆升与全球气候变冷的机制。地球如同被玻璃(大气层)包裹的、接受太阳辐射的球体,这层玻璃易于太阳短波的透入,不易于地面长波的散出,起到了很好的保温作用。玻璃越厚,保温效果越好... 详细信息

基于辐射平衡的原理,提出'高地降温效应'假说,阐明高原隆升与全球气候变冷的机制。地球如同被玻璃(大气层)包裹的、接受太阳辐射的球体,这层玻璃易于太阳短波的透入,不易于地面长波的散出,起到了很好的保温作用。玻璃越厚,保温效果越好,地球表面的热能量水平越高,地面温度也越高;反之,地面温度越低。估算了青藏高原和同纬度长江中下游平原之间的逆辐射量差值,用以表征高原隆升的逆辐射量减少值,进而又估算了全球高原隆升的逆辐射量减少值及占地球接受太阳辐射总量的比例。'高地降温效应'假说可以较好的解释寒武纪以来三次重大的构造运动-地貌演化-气候变化过程。构造运动形成高大山系和高原,引起全球降温,气候变冷;随着隆升的山系和高地逐渐被侵蚀为低地,地球表面变得平坦,全球大气层的温室效应增强,全球复又升温,气候变暖。青藏高原的形成,如同地球开了一个散热的'天窗',对新生代以来全球的持续降温作出了重要的贡献。

关键词：高地降温效应地球构造地貌气候

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重庆武隆喀斯特旅游资源开发与生态环境保护对策

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中国人口·资源与环境 2012年第S1期22卷 172-175页

作者：郑国璋山西师范大学城市与环境科学学院山西临汾041004 重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院重庆400047 中国科学院地球环境科学研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室陕西西安710075

本文通过分析重庆武隆喀斯特旅游资源开发利用现状及其存在的生态环境问题,提出了武隆喀斯特旅游景区生态环境保护的对策:树立保护优先、开发为辅的意识,积极开展生态旅游;建立健全地质灾害监测预警机制,维护旅游安全和旅游形象;建立健... 详细信息

本文通过分析重庆武隆喀斯特旅游资源开发利用现状及其存在的生态环境问题,提出了武隆喀斯特旅游景区生态环境保护的对策:树立保护优先、开发为辅的意识,积极开展生态旅游;建立健全地质灾害监测预警机制,维护旅游安全和旅游形象;建立健全喀斯特环境监测预警系统,为景区环境安全提供信息支撑;建立健全退耕还林政策的长效机制,保护景区生态环境;加大旅游科研投入,提高旅游文化品位。

关键词：武隆喀斯特旅游资源生态环境重庆

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