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Element geochemistry and cleaning potential of the No. 11 coal seam from Antaibao mining district

science china Earth sciences 2005年第12期48卷 2142-2154页

作者： WANG Wenfeng1, QIN Yong1, SONG Dangyu2. SANG Shuxun1, JIANG Bo1, ZHU Yanming1 & FU Xuehai1 1. College of Resources & Geosciences, china {2. of Mining and technology, Xuzhou 2.1008, china 2. state key laboratory of coal combustion, huazhong university of science and technology, wuhan 430074, china College of Resources & Geosciences China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou China state key {2. of coal combustion Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Based on the analyses of sulfur and 41 other elements in 8 channel samples of the No. 11 coal seam from Antaibao surface mine, Shanxi, china and 4 samples from the coal preparation plant of this mine, the distribution of the elements in the seam profile, their geo-chemical partitioning behavior during the coal cleaning and the genetic relationships between the both are studied. The conclusions are drawn as follows. The coal-forming environment was probably invaded by sea water during the post-stage of peatification, which results in the fact that the contents of As, Fe, S, etc. associated closely with sea water tend to increase toward the top of the seam, and that the kaolinite changes into illite and montmorillonite in the coal-sublayer near the roof. These elements studied are dominantly associated with kaolinite, pyrite, illite, montmorillonite, etc., of which the As, Pb, Mn, Cs, Co, Ni, etc. are mainly associated with sulfides, the Mo, V, Nb, Hf, REEs, Ta etc. mainly with kaolintie, the Mg, Al etc. mainly with epigenetic montmorillonite, and the Rb, Cr, Ba, Cu, K, Hg, etc. mainly with epigenetic illite. The physical coal cleaning is not only effective in the removal of ash and sulfur, but also in reducing the concentra-tion of most major and trace elements. The elements Be, U, Sb, W, Br, Se, P, etc. are largely or partly organically bound showing a relatively low removability, while the removability of the other elements studied is more than 2.%, of which the Mg, Mn, Hg, Fe, As, K, Al, Cs, and Cr associ-ated mostly with the coarser or epigenetic minerals show a higher removability than that of ash. The distribution of the elements in the seam profile controls their partitioning behavior to a great degree during the coal cleaning processes.

关键词： Antaibao mining district, No.11 coal seam, element geochemistry, cleaning.

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Removal of elemental mercury by iodine-modified rice husk ash sorbents

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2010年第10期22卷 1629-1636页

作者： Pengfei Zhao,Xin Guoff,Chuguang Zheng state key {2. of coal combustion,huazhong university of science and technology,wuhan 430074,china state key {2. of coal combustion Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

Iodine-modified calcium-based rice husk ash sorbents （I2.CaO/RHA） were synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, and N2.isotherm adsorption/desorption. Adsorption experiments of vapor-phase elemental mercury （Hg^0） were performed in a laboratory-scale fixed-bed reactor. I2.CaO/RHA performances on Hg^0 adsorption were compared with those of modified Cabased fly ash sorbents （I2.CaO/FA） and modified fly ash sorbents （I2.FA）. Effects of oxidant loading, supports, pore size distribution, iodine impregnation modes, and temperature were investigated as well to understand the mechanism in capturing Hg^0. The modified sorbents exhibited reasonable efficiency for Hg^0 removal under simulated flue gas. The surface area, pore size distribution, and iodine impregnation modes of the sorbents did not produce a strong effect on Hg^0 capture efficiency, while fair correlation was observed between Hg^0 uptake capacity and iodine concentration. Therefore, the content of 12.impregnated on the sorbents was identified as the most important factor influencing the capacity of these sorbents for Hg^0 uptake. Increasing temperature in the range of 80-140℃ caused a rise in Hg^0 removal. A reaction mechanism that may explain the experimental results was presumed based on the characterizations and adsorption study.

关键词： mercury sorbents fly ash rice husk ash iodine impregnation

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Technical-economic evaluation of O_2.CO_2.recycle combustion power plant based on life-cycle

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science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第12期53卷 3284-3293页

作者： WANG Yun, ZHAO YongChun, ZHANG JunYing & ZHENG ChuGuang state key {2. of coal combustion, huazhong university of science and technology, wuhan 430074, china state key {2. of coal combustion Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

In this study, a detailed technical-economic analysis on a O2.CO2.recycle combustion power plant (Oxy-combustion plant) retrofitted from the existing {2.-fired plant (with a capacity of 2.300 MW) in china was carried out by using life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle cost (LCC) method. The CO2.emissions, investment cost, cost of electricity and CO2.avoidance cost within the life cycle were calculated respectively. The results showed that the CO2.emission avoidance rate of retrofitted Oxy-combustion plant in the life cycle was about 77.09% without taking account of the CO2.compression; the annual cost increased by 5.9% approximately, the net power decreased by 2..33%, the cost of electricity increased by 34.77%, and the CO2.avoidance cost was about 2..93 USD/t. Considering the compression process of CO2. the avoidance rate of CO2.emission was about 73.35% or so; the annual cost increased by 9.35% approximately, the net power decreased by about 2..70%, the cost of electricity increased by 49.13%, and the CO2.avoidance cost was about 45.46 USD/t. The carbon tax (the CO2.tax) should be more than about 2. USD/t and 34 USD/t under the condition of considering CO2.compression or not, respectively, which is beneficial to promote transformation of existing {2.-fired plant for reducing the CO2.emissions.

关键词： life cycle assessment coal-fired power plant O2.CO2 recycle combustion technology cost of electricity CO2 avoidance cost

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Review of soot measurement in hydrocarbon-air flames

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science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第8期53卷 2129-2141页

作者： LOU Chun,CHEN Chen,SUN YiPeng&ZHOU HuaiChun state key {2. of coal combustion,huazhong university of science and technology,wuhan 430074,china state key {2. of coal combustion Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Soot,which is produced in fuel-rich parts of flames as a result of incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons,is the No.2.contributor to global warming after carbon *** soot measurement techniques is important to understand soot formation mechanism and control soot *** various soot measurement techniques,such as thermophoretic sampling par-ticles diagnostics followed by electron microscopy analysis,thermocouple particle densitometry,light extinction,laser-induced incandescence,two-color method,and emission computed tomography,are reviewed in this *** measurement principle and application cases of these measurement methods are described in *** development trend of soot measurement is to realize the on-line measurement of multi-dimensional distributions of temperature,soot volume fraction,soot particle size and other parameters in hydrocarbon-air *** measurement techniques suitable for both small flames in laboratories and large-scale flames in industrial combustion devices should be ***,in some special situations,such as high-pressure,zero gravity and micro-gravity flames,soot measurement also should be provided.

关键词： hydrocarbon-air flames combustion measurement soot laser-induced incandescence emission CT

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Evolution of Bright Screening-photovoltaic Spatial Optical Solitons

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Chinese Journal of Lasers 2001年第5期10卷 28-33页

作者： LIU Jinsong (state key {2. of Laser technology, huazhong university of science and technology, wuhan 430074, china) 华中科技大学激光技术国家重点实验室湖北武汉

A numerical analysis of the dynamical evolution of bright screening photovoltaic (SP) spatial solitons in biased photovoltaic photorefractive materials in the case of neglecting the material loss and the diffusion is presented. When an incident optical beam is a bright SP soliton, the beam propagates along a linear path with its shape kept unchanged. When the incident optical beam is slightly different from a bright SP soliton, the beam reshapes itself and tries to evolve into a bright SP soliton after a short distance. However, when the incident optical beam is significantly different from a SP bright soliton, the beam cannot evolve into a stable bright SP soliton, and tends to experience periodic compression and expansion. For a low intensity input beam, the wave experiences a periodic process of compression first and then expansion during the initial part of the cycle. For a high intensity input beam, however, the wave will initially diffract and then experiences compression during the cycle.

关键词： nonlinear optics spatial optical solitons photorefractive effects

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Effect of Powder Particle Size on the Properties and Microstructure of Ti(C,N)-Based Cermet

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Rare Metals 2001年第1期20卷 47-51页

作者： Yong Zheng, Weihao Xiong (key state {2. of Die technology, huazhong university of science and technology, wuhan 430074, china) 华中科技大学材料成形与模具技术国家重点实验室湖北武汉 430074

The influence of raw powder particle size on the properties and microstructures of Ti (C, N)-based cermets has been studied. The conclusions are as follows: The microstructures of cermets were composed of two kinds of grains, the one with black cores surrounded by obvious rim structures, and the other whose cores were white with unconspicuous rim structures and adhesive phase. In the cermet made from fine powders, the amount of grains with white cores was much more than that in cermet made from coarse powders. In addition, their properties were also much better.

关键词： Ti(C, N)-based cermet powder particle size property microstructure

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AN IMPLICIT SCHEME FOR INCOMPRESSIBLE LBGK MODEL

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2005年第3期17卷 330-337页

作者： DURui SHIBao-chang WANGGuang-chao LIUHong-juan DepartmentofMathematics HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnologyWuhan430074China DepartmentofMathematics HuazhongUniversityofScienceandStateKeyLaboratoryofCoalCombustionHuazhongUniversity430074China／／TechnologyWuhan430074ChinaofScienceandTechnologyWuhan

In this paper, an implicit scheme (also called the θ method) was proposed for the Lattice Bhatager-Gross-Krook (LBGK) model simulating incompressible flows. The new parameter θ made the model more flexible. Through the Chapman-Enskog procedure the impressible Navie-Stokes equations could be recovered with the coupled kinetic viscosity. Boundary conditions were treated briefly and it kept the numerical accuracy of the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM). The two-dimensional Poiseuille flow was simulated with different values of the parameters. It is found that the numerical accuracy and stability of the implicit scheme can be improved if some adaptable parameters are chosen.

关键词： Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) implicit scheme θ-Lattice Bhatager-Gross-Krook (LBGK) model Poiseuille flow

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Modeling and simulation of heat transfer for glass bulb mold

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2005年第7期15卷 650-655页

作者： ZHOU Huamin and LI Dequn (state key {2. of Mold & Die technology, huazhong university of science and technology, wuhan 430074, china) state key {2. of Mold and Die technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

Cooling system design in glass bulb pressing operation can greatly affect the productivity and the quality of the final product. The concept of cyclic-averaged steady temperature field is proposed in modeling. Heat transfer in the mold region is considered to be a cyclic-steady, three-dimensional conduction; heat transfer within the glass melt region is treated as a transient, one-dimensional conduction; heat exchange between the cooling system surface and coolant is treated as a steady heat convection. A hybrid model consisting of a three-dimensional boundary element method for the mold region and a finite-difference method with a variable mesh for the melt region is used for numerical simulation. Compared with the experimental data, the numerical model developed here is computationally efficient and sufficiently accurate.

关键词： glass bulb mold numerical simulation boundary element method cyclic-averaged steady temperature field.

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Preparation of Oriented Barium Titanate Thin Films by Combination of Electrophoretic Deposition with Hydrothermal Treatment

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Journal of Materials science & technology 2010年第11期26卷 996-1000页

作者： Lihong Xue and Youwei Yan state key {2. of Materials Processing and Die and Mould technology,huazhong university of science and technology,wuhan 430074,china state key {2. of Materials Processing and Die and Mould technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

Highly oriented barium titanate （BaTiO 3） thin films on Pt substrate were fabricated by combination of electrophoretic deposition with hydrothermal *** structure and morphology of thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction and field-emission scanning electron *** is found that the titania precursor film,Ba（OH）2.concentration and hydrothermal temperature play crucial roles in the film morphology and *** BaTiO3 thin films with highly （110） preferred orientation can be formed on polycrystalline Pt substrate by appropriate adjustment of the reaction *** orientation parameter f of highly oriented BaTiO3 films was up to *** films exhibited a smooth and crack-free surface and remained in the layered *** situ topotactic transformation and dissolution-crystallization mechanisms were proposed to explain the morphology and orientation of BaTiO3 films during hydrothermal treatment.

关键词： Barium titanate Preferred orientation Electrophoretic deposition Hydrothermal treatment

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Experimental and modeling study of NO emission under high CO_2.concentration

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science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第12期53卷 3275-3283页

作者： ZHAO Ran, LIU Hao, HU Han, ZHONG XiaoJiao, WANG ZiJian, XU ZhiYing & QIU JianRong state key {2. of coal combustion, huazhong university of science and technology, wuhan, 430074, china state key {2. of coal combustion Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

An experimental and numerical study of the NOx formation and reduction process in a designed coal combustion furnace under both traditional air atmosphere and O2.CO2.atmosphere was conducted, in an attempt to explore the chemistry mechanism of the experimentally observed NOx suppression under high CO2.concentration atmospheres. A simplified ‘chemically oriented’ approach, computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-chemical kinetics modeling method, was validated and used to model the experimental process. The high CO2.concentration’s chemical effect on NO reduction has been studied, and the differences in NOx reaction behaviors between O2.CO2.atmosphere and air atmosphere were analyzed by detailed chemical kinetic model. On the basis of investigations through elementary chemical reactions, it can be concluded that high CO2.concentration plays an important role on NOx conversion process during oxy-fuel combustion. Moreover, the dominant reaction steps and the most important reactions for NO conversion under different atmospheres were discussed. Under O2.CO2.atmosphere, the main active sequence for NO reaction includes: NO→N→N2. and the main active path for NO reaction under air atmosphere is through N2.N→NO.

关键词： coal combustion chemical kinetics carbon dioxide nitric oxide

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