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Estimating surface evapotranspiration using combined MODIS and CBERS-02.data

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 145-160页

作者： XIN Xiaozhou1,2. LIU Qinhuo1, TANG Yong1,3. TIAN Guoliang1, GU Xingfa1, LI Xiaowen1,2. ZHENG Hongsheng4 & CHEN Jiayi4 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, China 2. research {2. for Remote Sensing and gis, department of geography, beijing normal university, beijing 100875, China 3. Graduate university of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10003., China 4. department of Atmospheric Physics, Peking university, beijing 100871, China 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China2. Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS Department of Geography Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100039 Beijing China4. Department of Atmospheric Physics Peking University 100871 Beijing China

Spatial scale error is one of the most serious problems in the estimates of land surface heat fluxes of sensible and latent from satellite-borne data such as MODIS 1km resolution reflectance and emissive data. One of the feasible and economic ways to decrease the spatial scale error is to use high resolution land use class data together with the MODIS data. CBERS-02.data were used to produce land use class of Baiyangdian area, Hebei Province, China in the autumn of 2.04. The area ratio of each class in MODIS pixel was calculated, and used to derive the heat fluxes of the mixed pixel. The results showed that the estimated heat fluxes of soil, sensible and latent have been changed remarkably after using the high resolution land class data. It could be concluded from the comparison between simulated and ground-measured fluxes as well as the theoretical analysis that high resolution land class data are useful to diminishing the scale error of heat fluxes estimated from low resolution satellite data.

关键词： surface evapotranspiration spatial scale error MODIS CBERS land class.

Integrative inversion of land surface component temperature

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 2011-2019页

作者： FAN Wenjie1 & XU Xiru1,2.1. Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, Peking university, beijing 100871, China 2. {2. of Remote Sensing and gis of beijing normal university, beijing 100875, China 1. Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System Peking University 100871 Beijing China 2. center of Remote Sensing and gis of {2. normal university 100875 Beijing China

In this paper, the row winter wheat was selected as the example to study the com-ponent temperature inversion method of land surface target in detail. The result showed that the structural pattern of row crop can affect the inversion precision of component temperature evi-dently. Choosing appropriate structural pattern of row crop can improve the inversion precision significantly. The iterative method combining inverse matrix was a stable method that was fit for inversing component temperature of land surface target. The result of simulation and field ex-periment showed that the integrative method could remarkably improve the inversion accuracy of the lighted soil surface temperature and the top layer canopy temperature, and enhance inver-sion stability of components temperature. Just two parameters were sufficient for accurate at-mospheric correction of multi-angle and multi-spectral thermal infrared data: atmospheric trans-mittance and the atmospheric upwelling radiance. If the atmospheric parameters and component temperature can be inversed synchronously, the really and truly accurate atmospheric correction can be achieved. The validation using ATSRII data showed that the method was useful.

关键词： components temperature, inverse pattern, atmospheric correction

Exotic structure of the third excited state in^(2.)Na

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第23期50卷 2677-2680页

作者： LI Xihan1,2.3. LIANG Yujie1,2.3. DENG Fuguo1,2.3. LIU Zuhua1,4 & ZHOU Hongyu1,2.3.1. Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Minister of Education, beijing normal {2., beijing 100875, China 2. Institute of Low Energy Nuclear Physics, and department of Material Science and Engineering, beijing normal {2., beijing 100875, China 3. beijing Radiation center, beijing 100875, China 4. China Institute of Atomic Energy, beijing 102.13. China Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Minister of Education Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Institute of Low Energy Nuclear Physics and Department of Material Science and Engineering Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China beijing Radiation center Beijing 100875 China China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China

The probability of the last proton being out of the binding potential, P and the root-mean-square (rms) ra- dius (1/2. of the third excited state in 2.Na are calcu- lated by means of asymptotic normalization coefficie... 详细信息

The probability of the last proton being out of the binding potential, P and the root-mean-square (rms) ra- dius (2.1/2. of the third excited state in 2.Na are calcu- lated by means of asymptotic {3.ization coefficient (ANC) method with the experimental date existing. The results are P=54.73. and 2.1/2.5.2. fm respectively. The P value and the contribution of the asymptotic part to the 2.1/2.are compared with those of several other low energy states in 2.Na. It is found that the valence particle in the third excited state has an obvious larger P than those of other states. The density distribution of the valence proton in this state is also compared with the nucleons in the nuclear core 2.Ne, and a far extended tail can be seen clearly. These results show that the third ex- cited state in 2.Na is a proton halo state.

关键词：钠第三激发态外部结构有效半径密度分布渐近标准化系数

The study of two-color excitation upconversion of Pr(0.5)Yb(3.:ZBLAN

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2006年第2期49卷 169-177页

作者： CHEN Xiaobo1 & SONG Zengfu2.1. Applied Optics beijing Area Major Laboratory, Analysis and testing center, beijing normal university, beijing 100875, China 2. Peking university, Physics School, beijing 100871, China Applied Optics beijing Area Major Laboratory Analysis testing center Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Physics School Peking University Beijing 100871 China

The excited state absorption upconversion of Pr(0.5)Yb(3.:ZBLAN glass material, under two-color excitation of the 960 nm semiconductor laser and the Xe lamp light simultaneously, is reported in this article. It was found that the upconversion emission spectra of 480.1, 519.0, 601.9 and 63..8 nm coincide with the common emission spectra. Meanwhile, the upconversion-excitation spectrum has three obvious peaks under two-color excitation, and they respectively correspond to the 856.0 nm upconversion ex-citation transition [1G4(Pr3.)→1I6(Pr3.) and 1G4(Pr3.)→3.1(Pr3.)], the 789.0 nm upconver-sion excitation transition 1G4(Pr3.)→3.2.Pr3.), and the 803.7 nm upconversion excitation transition 3.6(Pr3.)→1D2.Pr3.). The upconversion excitation transition 1G4(Pr3.)→1I6(Pr3.) is strong because its oscillator strength f = 2..040×10?6 is large, which results in a large peak appearing in the upconversion excitation spectrum. That is just the new interesting two-color excitation upconversion luminescence phenomenon of Pr(0.5)Yb(3.:ZBLAN induced by one laser and one continuous {3. light simultaneously.

关键词： upconversion volumetric three-dimensional display two-color excitation.

Geographical Agglomeration of Chinese Manufacturing Industries

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中国人口·资源与环境：英文版 2007年第2期5卷 3-11页

作者： Zhang Hua 1, 2. Zheng Wei3.1. Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, China 2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10003., China 3. School of geography, beijing normal university, beijing 100875, China Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China School of geography Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Based on the plant level data from the First National Census of Basic Units, the Second National Census of Basic Units, and the First National Economic Census of China, this paper ex- amines the geographical agglomeration of Chinese manufacturing industries at a more disaggregated level both by industrial classi-fication and spatial unit analysis. Applying the agglomeration index proposed by Maurel and Sedillot, studies show that the most agglomerated industries are resource-intensive, and capital and technology intensive while industries demanding localized inputs or serving localized markets or favored by local governments are fairly dispersed. The more disaggregated industries are more spa- tially agglomerated. At the finer spatial scale, industries are more dispersed. Results indicate that within-county spillovers are stronger than nearby-county spillovers, and within-prefecture spillovers are stronger than nearby prefecture spillovers. Local- ized spillovers are still quite substantial at a range beyond that of counties. Comparing the agglomeration index of Chinese manu- facturing industries in 1996, 2.01 and 2.04, agglomeration seems to be a general tendency. Results also indicate that some industries have experienced remarkable changes in their levels of agglom- eration in the period 1996–2.04.

关键词： industrial agglomeration manufacturing industries the MS index

Discovery and character of the Kunlun-Yellow River Movement

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1998年第10期43卷 833-836页

作者： CUI Zhijiu 1, WU Yongqiu 2.3.and LIU Gengnian 1 1. department of geography, Peking university, {2. 100871, China 2. Open research Laboratory of Environmental Changes and Natural Disaster of State Education Commission, beijing 100875, China department of geography Peking University Beijing China Open research Laboratory of Environmental Changes and Natural Disaster of State Education Commission Beijing China department of geography Sichuan Normal Uni-versity Chengdu China

Based on geomorphological, tectonic and sedimentary data, a Kunlun Yellow River Tectonic Movement has been recognized in 1 10-0 60 Ma B.P. This tectonic movement, which leads to uplift of the Qinghai_Xizang (Tibet) Plateau from 1 500 to 3.000-3.500 m, is periodic, abrupt and changeable in the movement rate of uplifting and slide slipping.

关键词： Kunlun Mountain Pass 700 kaB.P. tectonic movement.

Reconstruction of precipitation variation from tree rings in recent 1000 years in Delingha, Qinghai

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第7期48卷 939-949页

作者： SHAO Xuemei1, HUANG Lei1, LIU Hongbin2. LIANG Eryuan1, FANG Xiuqi3.& WANG Lili1 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, China 2. National Climate {2., beijing 100081, China 3. beijing normal university, beijing 100875, China Institute of Geographic Sciences Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China National Climate center Beijing 100081 China beijing normal {2. Beijing 100875 China

Using seven well-replicated Qilian juniper (Sabina przewalskii Kom.) ring-width chronologies developed at Zongwulong and Shalike Mts. in the northeastern part of the Qaidam Basin annual precipitation from previous July to current June in the recent 1000 years was re- constructed for Delingha. The reconstruction can capture 63.1% of precipitation variance and the equation was stable over time. For the reconstructed precipitation, wet periods occurred in AD152.—163. and 193.—2.01, whereas dry intervals in 142.—1519 and 163.—1741. In ad- dition, the magnitude in precipitation variation was lower before 143. with about 15 mm, but it increased to 3. mm during the period of 143. to 1850. After 1850, the precipitation variance de- creased again. In contrast to the increase in temperature, a decrease in annual precipitation was evident since the 1990s. The agreement in low-frequency variation between the reconstruction and the glacier accumulation and particulate content in Dunde ice cores during the recent several hundred years suggested that the precipitation reconstructed in this study was rather reliable, and represented a regional signal. This 1000-year reconstruction could benefit our understanding of climatic variation in decadal to century-scale in this region, and provide basic data to climate models and to prediction of future climate in the 2.st century.

关键词： northeastern part of the Qaidam Basin tree-ring width series of Qilian juniper precipitation reconstruction in 1000 years.

Speciation of the elements and compositions on the surfaces of dust storm particles:The evidence for the coupling of iron with sulfur in aerosol during the long-range transport

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第8期50卷 738-744页

作者： ZHANG Xingying1,2. ZHUANG Guoshun1,2.3. CHEN Jianmin2.& XUE Huaxin2.1. center for Atmospheric Environment Study, department of Chemistry, {2. normal university, beijing 100875, China 2. center for Atmospheric Chemistry Study, department of Environ- mental Science and Engineering, Fudan university, Shanghai 2.043., China 3. LAPC/NZC, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, NZC/LAPC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, {2. 10002., China center for Atmospheric Environment Study Department of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China center for Atmospheric Chemistry Study Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China LAPC/NZC Institute of Atmospheric Physics NZC/LAPC Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The speciation of the elements on the surface of the particles collected during dust storm and non-dust storm in beijing and Inner Mongolia was studied by XPS. The ma- jor species of iron on the surface were oxides, sulfate, silicate, FeOOH and minor part sorbed on SiO2.Al2.3. Sulfate is the dominant species of sulfur on the surface. SiO2.and Al2.3.are the main components of Si and Al on the surface respectively. One of the most important findings was that the Fe(II) (FeS and FeSO4) produced could account for up to 44.3. and 45.6% of the total Fe on the surface in the aerosol sample collected at that night and next day of the “peak” time of the dust storm occurring on March 2., 2.02. while Fe2.SO4)3. one of the Fe(III) species on the surface decreased from 67.1% to 49.5% and 48.0% respectively. Both S and Fe en- riched on the surface of aerosol particles. Fe(II) accounted for 1.3.?5.3. of total Fe in bulk aerosol samples during dust storm. These results provided strong evidence to sup- port the hypothesis of the coupling between iron and sulfur in aerosols during the long-range transport, which would have important impact on the global biogeochemical cycle.

关键词：物种形成原理 XPS 大气悬浮物 Fe-S结合粒子集合

The correlation of multi-angle thermal infrared data and the choice of optimal view angles

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Science China Earth Sciences 2004年第6期47卷 570-576页

作者： FAN Wenjie1 & XU Xiru1,2.1.Institute of Remote Sensing and gis of Peking university,{2. 100871,China 2.center of Remote Sensing and gis of {2. normal university,{2. 100875,China 1. Institute of Remote Sensing and gis of Peking university 100871 Beijing China 2. center of Remote Sensing and gis of {2. normal university 100875 Beijing China

Based on the matrix formula of thermal infrared radiant system, the components temperature can be retrieved by the inversive matrix. Around the stability problem of retrieved result, the research work we did was focused on (i) the correlation of (wk,j) which is the key to affect the retrieval accuracy, (ii) a general method which can help us find the number of retrievable parameters and evaluate the retrieval error before its performance, (iii) the choice of “optimal viewing angle group” based on the formula of absolute error propagation. The row winter wheat field was chosen as an example. The results can provide a theoretical basis for multi-angle thermal infrared remote sensing and components temperature retrieval.

关键词： components temperature retrieval, correlation, number of retrievable parameters, optimal viewing angle group.