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Relationship between plant species diversity and patch characteristics in a marsh in the Sangjiang Plain,china—Using Yaluhe farm as an example

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第6期17卷 664-669页

作者： Sun Zhonglin1, Xing Fu1,2. Lu Xianguo2. Xu Kun1, Yu Lili1 and Ni Hongwei3(1. Key Laboratory of Vegetation ecology, Ministry of Education, changchun 13002.,{2. 2. northeast institute of geography and agricultural ecology, chinese academy of sciences, changchun 130012,{2. 3. Natural Resources Instute of Heilongjiang academy of sciences, Harbin 150040,{2.) [a]Key Laboratory of Vegetation ecology Ministry of Education Changchun China [b]northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchum China [c]Natural Resources Instute of Heilongjiang academy of sciences Harbin China

Based on Quick Bird satellite image data, the present study examined small-scale herbaceous community patches in the marsh of the Sanjiang Plain and measured patch characteristics such as the area, perimeter and shape by GPS. The coenological characteristics of the patches were investigated using quadrat method, and the vascular plant species were recorded using transect method. A total of 2.9 plant species were recorded, which represents 12.2. of the vascular flora in Heilongjiang Province. Our results showed that species number S correlated with patch area and perimeter; richness index (R) correlated with patch perimeter; Simpson index (D) correlated with patch area and perimeter/area; Shannon-Wiener index (H′) correlated with patch area, perimeter and perimeter/area; Evenness index (Jsw) correlated with perimeter/area. Both S and R have significant difference between different size of patches. Plant diversity in the small-scale herbaceous communities tended to increase with the patch area and perimeter. We concluded that edge effects and the habitat heterogeneity of the patches are important in determining the number of species. The relative smoothness of the patch edges also affects the plant diversity of the patches. The richness of plant species in the marsh in the Sanjiang Plain is highly sensitive to the small-scale patches, which continues to play an important role in preserving plant diversity in the local area.

关键词： marsh in Sanjiang Plain plant diversity community patch habitat fragmentation small scale edge effect.

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INDUSTRIAL TRANSFORMATION OF SHENYANG CITY

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chinese Geographical Science 2003年第3期13卷 216-223页

作者： ZHANG Ping-yu(northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology, chinese academy of sciences, changchun 130012, P. R. china) northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun P. R. China

Industrial transformation represents a unique economic phenomenon in china’s regional economy, and old industrial city reconstruction has long been a key problem that affects state security. As a typical old industrial city in china, Shenyang established its heavy industrial city position in the First Five-year Plan period(1953-1957), and this industrial structure has been consolidated for a long time. After 1978, Shenyang began its long lasting industrial reconstruction in an all-round way by 3 main initiatives including restructuring economic system, upgrading traditional industrial technology and developing high-tech industry. In the end of the 1990s, it could be identified that remarkable structural changes took place in city economy at large as well as individual industrial sector. According to the GDP proportion change, Shenyang is on the way to a high level industrial structure. The secondary industry also engendered significant shifting as smelting and textile industry declined sharply but IT industry increased largely. Although the ratio of the heavy industry to the light industry changed periodically, the heavy industrial output value most time kept a high proportion over 60% of the gross industrial output value in the past five decades. Shenyang has favorable conditions for developing equipment manufacturing industry, but it should carry out the program by establishing its leading role in urban economy plan, building "Theme Industrial Parks", improving Tiexi Industrial Zone, removing any kind of system barrier, enlarging private and other ownerships economy and improving technology, marketing and management by IT application. In response to economy globalization, Shenyang needs to expand the cooperation worldwide and improve the cohesion with surrounding cities.

关键词： industrial transformation industrial structure urban development shenyang

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Deduction and application of generalized Euler formula in topological relation of geographic information system (GIS)

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Science china Earth sciences 2004年第8期47卷 749-759页

作者： ZHANG Shuqing1, ZHANG Junyan1,2.& ZHANG Bai1 northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology, chinese academy of sciences, changchun 130012, china northeast Design institute of china City Planning and Engineering, changchun 130012, china 1. northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences 130012 Changchun China 2. northeast Design institute of{2. City Planning and Engineering 130012 Changchun China

By combining geographic information system (GIS), a new conception of “group” in which covers the complex connected region is introduced in the paper. Based on the conception of group, a generalized Euler formula and its properties are deduced and proved. The paper also describes the mathematical principles of generating topological information of polygon in GIS maps and the methods for checking up the veracity of topological relations of the map with Euler formula and general Euler formula. We have also obtained the quantitative relations among real nodes, chains, islands and groups with the formulas. At the same time, the paper introduces Whole Sphere Stereographic (WSS) projection into the GIS, and defines a new conception of “sea”. The deduction of general Euler formula and the introduction of WSS projection to GIS have developed new ways of delineating GIS topological models from plane to sphere and even constructing three dimensional (3-D) topological models.

关键词： Euler formula,general Euler formula,geographic information system,topological relation.

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Spatial Variability of Soil Organic Carbon Under Maize Monoculture in the Song-Nen Plain, northeast china

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Pedosphere 2010年第1期20卷 80-89页

作者： WANG Zong-Ming , ZHANG Bai, SONG Kai-Shan, LIU Dian-Wei and REN Chun-Ying northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology, chinese academy of sciences, changchun 130012 (china) [a] northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130012 (China)

Soil organic carbon (SOC) and its relationship with landscape attributes are important for evaluating current regional, continental, and global carbon stores. Data of SOC in surface soils (0–2. cm) of four main soils, Cambisol, Arenosol, Phaeozem, and Chernozem, were collected at 451 locations in Nongan County under maize monoculture in the Song-Nen Plain, northeast china. The spatial characteristics of soil organic carbon were studied, using geographic information systems (GIS) and geostatistics. Effects of other soil physical and chemical properties, elevation, slope, and soil type on SOC were explored. SOC concentrations followed a normal distribution, with an arithmetic mean of 14.91 g kg-1 . The experimental variogram of SOC was fitted with a spherical model. There were significant correlations between soil organic carbon and bulk density (r =-0.374**), pH (r = 0.549**), total nitrogen (r = 0.781**), extractable phosphorus (r =-0.109*), exchangeable potassium (r = 0.565**), and cation exchange capacity (r = 0.313**). Generally, lower SOC concentrations were significantly associated with high elevation (r =-0.42.**). Soil organic carbon was significantly negatively correlated with slope gradient (r =-0.195**). Samples of the Cambisol statistically had the highest SOC concentrations, and samples of the Arenosol had the lowest SOC value.

关键词： geostatistics slope soil bulk density spatial distribution

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LAND RECLAMATION PROCESS IN northeast china SINCE 1900

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chinese Geographical Science 2003年第2期13卷 119-123页

作者： ZHANG Bai, CUI Hai-shan, YU Lei, HE Yan-fen (northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology, chinese academy of sciences, changchun 130012,P.R.china) northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun P. R. China

northeast china is an important {2. region in china. The northeastPlain is the largest plain in the country and one of the three famous black soil zones in the *** of fertility of the soil, however, large-scale {2. development mainly took placesince 1900. The land exploitation and utilization has been fast and intensive in this region sincethen and change in the land-cover process has been remarkable. Both national and internationalresearchers on land use and land cover are paying more attention to these processes in this regionand their implication for local ecological environment. This article discusses the land reclamationprocesses and their main driving forces in northeast china since 1900. According to the research,the 2.th century was the most important period for land reclamation in northeast china. In theseyears the rate, intensity and quantity of land reclamation have been staggering, and more than 100000km^2.of land was converted into farmland. This magnitude of land reclamation inland is unique inthe world. Research on the land reclamation of northeast china can provide some data on the effectof human activity on environment. As in many other places in the world, the primary driving force ofreclamation in northeast china was the increasing pressure of population. In the 2.th century thepopulation increased from 10 x 10~6 to 110 x 10~6 in northeast china and from 400 x 10~6 to 1. 3 x10^9 in china. Population pressure is thus the most important driving force for land reclamation.

关键词： land reclamation process northeast china 2.th century

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The fluxes and controlling factors of N_2. and CH_4 emissions from freshwater marsh in northeast china

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第5期53卷 700-709页

作者： YU JunBao1,2. LIU JingShuang2. SUN ZhiGao1, SUN WeiDong3, WANG JinDa2. WANG GuoPing2.& CHEN XiaoBing1 1 Key Lab of Coastal Envionment Processed, Yantai institute of Coastal Zone Research for Sustainable Development, chinese academy of sciences, Yantai 2.4003,{2. 2.Key Lab of Wetland ecology and Environment, northeast institute of geography and agricultural ecology, chinese academy of sciences, changchun 130012,{2. 3 Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and Geochemistry, Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry, chinese academy of sciences, Guangzhou 510640,{2. 1. Key Lab of Coastal Envionment Processed Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research for Sustainable Development Chinese Academy of Sciences Yantai 264003 China2. Key Lab of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130012 China3. Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China

Nitrous oxide (N2.) and methane (CH4) emissions were measured using a static chamber method in two adjacent plots of freshwater marsh predominated by Calamagrostis angustifolia, one is seasonal waterlogged (SW) and the other without surface water accumulation (NW), in Sanjiang Plain wetland (47°35′N, 133°31′E), northeast china, during 2.02.2.04. The diurnal and seasonal flux variations of both gases were significantly correlated with 5-cm-soil temperature. The NW marsh is a source of N2. and sink of CH4, while the SW marsh is sink of N2. and source of CH4. Remarkably, we observed a N2. emission peak under Eh of +300 to +100 mV, and CH4 emission peak under Eh of +300 to +400 mV, which indicate additional sources of N2. and CH4 for the freeze-thaw induced emission peaks of N2. and CH4 observed between late July and early August. Further study shows that the additional N2. and CH4 were emitted under the frozen soil after thawing.

关键词： freeze-thaw region freshwater marsh methane nitrous oxide controlling factors

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DISTRIBUTION OF MERCURY IN TYPICAL WETLAND PLANTS IN THE SANJIANG PLAIN

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chinese Geographical Science 2003年第3期13卷 242-246页

作者： LIU Ru-hai, WANG Qi-chao, WANG Yan, ZHANG Lei, SHAO Zhi-guo(northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology, chinese academy of sciences, changchun 130012, P. R. china) northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130012 P. R. China

Total mercury concentration of typical wetland plants was analyzed in thispaper. There were great differences of total mercury concentration among different plants:moss>hydrophyte>sedge>herbage>shrub. Total mercury concentrations show an increasing trend fromvascular plants to bryophytes, and from dry to wet lands. The mercury concentration of wetlandplants was higher than that of crops. The wetland soil was the source of mercury in the air close tothe ground, so it affected the concentration of mercury in the plant. In different parts of aplant, mercury concentration was in the order of: dead stand>root>leaf>stem. Mercury concentrationincreased at the initial stage and decreased in the end of the growing season. According to themercury content and biomass, mercury stock of plants was 39.4μg/m^2.above ground in Calamagrostisangustifolia wetland and 35.8μg /m^2.in Carex lasiocarpa wetland.

关键词： wetland plant mercury the sanjiang plain

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FEASIBLE STUDY ON THE INTEGRATION SYSTEM FOR THE SPACE MONITORING OF MAJOR EARTHQUAKES AND VOLCANOES IN TERRESTRIAL LAND

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chinese Geographical Science 2002年第4期12卷 350-353页

作者： BO Li-qun(changchun institute of {2.,t he chinese academy of sciences,changchun 130012,P.R.china) changchun institute of {2. the Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun P. R. China

With the rapid development of space technology,earth observation tech nology and sky observatory technolo-gy,they have played a more and more im portant part in monitoring and predi cting of earthquakes and volcanoes i n the terres-trial *** recent years,the rela ted agencies have done the experimen ts and researches on monitoring and p redicting of earthquakes and volcanoes in the forewarning period by means of many appr oaches,such as satellite thermal in frared re-mote sensing(TIRS),Global Positioning System(GPS),differential interferometric syn thesis aperture radar(D-INSAR),astronomical time-latitude residual anomaly,and Geographic Information Systems (GIS),etc.A quite large number of re-search foundation has been built in t he fundamental theories and applica tion *** experiments and re searches have shown that these technology is e fficient methods for high frequency crust *** the existed separate scientific forces and results are possibly asse mbled together to form a more complete integration monitoring system wit h the combina-tion of space,sky observation,grou nd,deep geology and macro anomaly,i t will come into a new stage of monitoring and predicting of earthquakes and volca nic eruptions.

关键词： space technology integration system earthquake and volcano

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SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN SALINE-ALKALI SOIL AREA OF SONGNEN PLAIN,northeast china

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chinese Geographical Science 2003年第2期13卷 171-174页

作者： WANG Zhi-chun, LI Qu-sheng, LI Xiu-jun, SONG Chang-chun, ZHANG Guang-xin (northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology, chinese academy of sciences, changchun 130012, P. R. china) northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun P. R. China

There is great potential for agriculture in saline-alkali soil area in Songnen Plain, northeast china. But the sustainable crop production in this area has been restricted by a few of main factors, such as less precipitation, h igher evaporation and frequent drought, high salinity and alkalinity, high excha ngeable sodium content and poor infiltration of the soil, and insufficiency and low availability in nutrition. It is also considered that there are a few of fav orable conditions for {2. development in this region, such as sufficien t light and heat resources, rich ground water resources, plenty of manure produc ed by livestock, and so on. At the same time, scientific management and measurem ents have been employed; rational irrigation and drainage system has been establ ished; reclamation, amendment and fertilization of soil, and suitable strategies of cropping practices have been made for the sustainable development of agricul ture. Great progress has been made during 1996-2.00.

关键词： sustainable agriculture development saline-alkali soil songnen plain

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ANALYSIS OF THE EXPANSION OF THE BUILT-UP AREA OF DALIAN CITY

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chinese Geographical Science 2002年第4期12卷 373-377页

作者： CHANG Li-ping,ZHANG Shu-wen(changchun institute of {2.,t he chinese academy of sciences,changchun 130012,P.R.china) changchun institute of {2. the Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun P. R. China

With the astounding development and gradual improvement of remote sensing technology,as an advanced science technology,it is used to pro vide multi-temporal,large scope re al-time information for land-use dynamic change,and also is one of the best efficient m ethods for studying the earth resour ces and *** sensing image has its characteristics of ample inform ation and reflecting the objective r *** paper uses multi-temp oral TM images in1986,1996and 2.00,and relevant sta tistic data to analyze land-use chan ges of Dalian City in Liaoning Provin ce of Chi-na over ten years by means of the corre lation analysis *** results have shown that two methods could con-formably reflect the present land-u se *** is closely c orrelative to natural factors and ec onomic *** in recent 2.years,under the influence of the reform and open-up policy,Dalian,as a specifi c coast city,is becoming an international m etropolis.

关键词： land-use change remote sensing driving force dalian city

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