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Polynomial analysis of canopy spectra and biochemical component content inversion

Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1780-1791页

作者： YAN Chunyan1, LIU Qiang1, NIU Zheng1, WANG Jihua2. HUANG Wenjiang2.& LIU Liangyun 2.1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and beijing Normal University, beijing 100101,{2. 2. national engineering research center for information technology in agriculture, beijing 100089,{2. Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and beijing Normal University national engineering {2. center for information technology in agriculture

A polynomial expression model was developed in this paper to describe directional canopy spectra, and the decomposition of the polynomial expression was used as a tool for re-trieving biochemical component content from canopy multi-angle spectra. First, the basic formula of the polynomial expression was introduced and the physical meaning of its terms and coeffi-cients was discussed. Based on this analysis, a complete polynomial expression model and its decomposition method were given. By decomposing the canopy spectra simulated with SAILH model, it shows that the polynomial expression can not only fit well the canopy spectra, but also show the contribution of every order scattering to the whole reflectance. Taking the first scattering coefficients a10 and a01 for example, the test results show that the polynomial coefficients reflect very well the hot spot phenomenon and the effects of viewing angles, LAI and leaf inclination angle on canopy spectra. By coupling the polynomial expression with leaf model PROSPECT, a canopy biochemical component content inversion model was given. In the simulated test, the canopy multi-angle spectra were simulated by two different models, SAILH and 4-SCALE re-spectively, then the biochemical component content was retrieved by inverting the coupled polynomial expression + PROSPECT model. Results of the simulated test are promising, and when applying the algorithm to measured corn canopy multi-angle spectra, we also get relatively accurate chlorophyll content. It shows that the polynomial analysis provides a new method to get biochemical component content independent of any specific canopy model.

关键词： polynomial expression, canopy spectra, decomposition, biochemical component content, inversion.

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The Red Edge Parameters Diversification Disciplinarian and Their Application in Winter Wheat

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计算机工程 2002年第S1期28卷 154-159页

作者： HUANG Wenjiang, WANG Jihua, ZHAO Chunjiang, WANG Zhijie (beijing agriculture {2. technology research center, beijing 100089, china wenjianghuang @ ***)λλ beijing agriculture {2. technology research center Beijing 100089 China wenjianghuang ***

Some red edge parameters(red, Min600-72.λ, dredλ, dminλλ, dred / dmin∑λ, d680-750λ, andnir) and the relationship between these parameters and the parameters of biochemistry and biophysics of winter wheat were studied by regression analysis. The results indicated that there existed some changes in these red edge parameters in the whole growth stages, and there were strong correlations between red edge parameters and parameters of biochemistry and biophysics. Thus, the red λedge parameters were found valuable for assessment of wheat parameters of biochemistry and biophysics. Thered can be used to λestimate the soluble sugar content and the chlorophyll content. The dred was the best estimator of total nitrogen content. LAI can λbe estimated by Min600-72. satisfactorily.

关键词： Red edge Winter wheat Biochemistry

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research progress on electrical signals in higher plants

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第5期19卷 531-541页

作者： Xiaofei Yana, Zhongyi Wang a, Lan Huang a, Cheng Wang b, Ruifeng Hou b, Zhilong Xu b, Xiaojun Qiao b a College of information and Electrical engineering,{2. Agricultural University, beijing 100083,{2. b national engineering research center for information technology in agriculture, beijing 100097,{2. College of information and Electrical engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China national engineering {2. center for information technology in agriculture Beijing 100097 China

This review introduces the characteristics of electrical signals in higher plants and their corresponding physiological significance, and describes in detail the impact of environmental factors (e.g. light and temperature) on the electrical potential of the plants. Also, we evaluate the measurement techniques used for electrical signals in plants, including intracellular measurement, extracellular measurement, measurement of the ion channel based on the patch-clamp technique and on the non-invasive microelectrode vibrating probe technique. We also give a brief review of the applications of these methods for investigating electrical signals in plants. The ionic mechanism of electrical activity in plants is then discussed in terms of environmental response in higher plants, and this is used to provide a theoretical basis for quantitative description of the electrical signals in plants. A model for interpretation of the electrical signal mechanisms in higher plants is discussed, but further experiments are required for the verification of this model.

关键词： Ion channel Temperature-induced Light-induced Ion mechanism Measurement technology

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Effect of Heating Rate Before Tempering on Reversed Austenite in Fe-9Ni-C Alloy

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Journal of Iron and Steel research International 2012年第9期19卷 73-78页

作者： ZHANG Kun , TANG Di , WU Hui-bin ( national engineering {2. center of Advanced Rolling , University of Science and technology beijing , beijing 100083 , china ) national engineering {2. center of Advanced Rolling University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China

The alloy was reheated to 580℃ for tempering at rates of 2., 5 , 10 , 2. , and 40℃ / s , respectively , after *** amount , distribution , and stability of reversed austenite were investigated by X-ray diffraction ( XRD ) and electron back scatter diffraction ( EBSD ) .The microstructure and cryogenic impact energy were studied by scanning electron microscope ( SEM ), transmission electron microscope ( TEM ) and Charpy V-notch ( CVN ) *** results showed that when the sample was heated at 10℃ / s , the volume fraction of reversed austenite exhibited maximum of 8% ; the reversed austenite was uniform along all kinds of boundaries ; the reversed austenite contained higher concentration of carbon which enabled it to be more *** cryogenic toughness of the alloy was greatly improved when heated at 10℃ / s , as the fracture surface observation showed that it mainly fractured in ductile rupture mode , which was consistent with the results of cryogenic impact energy.

关键词： 9Ni steel heating rate reversed austenite cryogenic toughness

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Development of Rapidly Quenched Soft Magnetic Materials in china

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2000年第2期16卷 131-136页

作者： Shaoxiong ZHOU (national Amorphous and Nanocrystalline Alloy engineering {2. center, Central Iron and Steel {2. Institute, beijing 100081, china) national Amorphous and Nanocrystalline Alloy engineering {2. center Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Beijing 100081 China

The discovery of the first Fe-based ferromagnetic amorphous alloy in 1966 had made an impact on conventional magnetic materials because of its unique properties. Since then, a number of amorphous magnetic materials have been successfully developed and used in a wide variety of applications. A brief review of R & D activities on amorphous soft magnetic materials in china is given from the beginning to the present in a somewhat chronological order, followed by a brief introduction to their applications on electric and electronic industries. An analysis and a prospect of Chinese market of such amorphous materials are also presented.

关键词： Development of Rapidly Quenched Soft Magnetic Materials in china

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A formal model of fair exchange protocols

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Science in china(Series F) 2005年第4期48卷 499-512页

作者： QING Sihan1,2.3 & LI Gaicheng1,2.3 1. engineering research {2. for information Security technology, Institute of Software, Chinese Aca- demy of Sciences, beijing 100080, china 2. beijing Zhongke Ansheng Corporation of information technology, beijing 100080, china 3. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100039, china engineering research {2. for information Security technology Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China beijing Zhongke Ansheng Corporation of information {2. Beijing China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Based on the study of existing fair exchange protocols, this paper sets up an accurate formal model by stepwise refinement. In the process of refinement an unreliable channel is employed to simulate an attack behavior. The model provides a novel formal definition of exchanged items, and presents the formal goals for fairness, accountability, etc., reflecting the inherent requirements for fair exchange protocols across-the-board. In order to check, prove, and design fair exchange protocols effectively and efficiently, the model puts forward a novel property of abuse-freeness which applies to all fair exchange protocols, gives a formal definition for trust strand of the third party, and presents general criteria of designing a secure and effective fair exchange protocol. Taking a typical fair exchange protocol as an example, this paper presents the analysis steps of fair exchange protocols appealing to our model. An unknown attack is uncovered. The analysis reveals the process of a complete attack, discovering deeper reasons for causing an attack. Finally, we modify the flawed protocol and the revised protocol ensures the desirable properties.

关键词： events local causal relation local temporal relation global relation exchanged item security goals.

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Formal analysis and design of multi-party fair exchange protocols

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Science in china(Series F) 2006年第2期49卷 155-174页

作者： QING Sihan1,2.3 & LI Gaicheng1,3 1. engineering research {2. for information Security technology, Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100080, china 2. beijing Zhongke Ansheng Corporation of information technology, beijing 100080, china 3. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100039, china engineering research {2. for information Security technology Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China beijing Zhongke Ansheng Corporation of information {2. Beijing China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Based on the origin of message items and channel combination between transacting parties, and events and relations among events, this paper presents a concise, precise, and hierarchical model for general fair exchange protocols, formally specifies various security requirements which are able to reflect inherent requirements for fair exchange protocols more rigorously, and partition these security requirements with fine granularity. This work helps analyze, debug, and design multi-party fair exchange protocols more effectively and elaborately,

关键词： fair exchange logical protocol formal model security requirement.

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Numerical simulation on electromagnetic field,flow field and temperature field in semisolid slurry preparation by A-EMS

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Rare Metals 2010年第6期29卷 635-641页

作者： ZHANG Zhifeng,CHEN Xingrun,XU Jun,and SHI Likai national engineering & {2. research center for Nonferrous Metal Matrix Composites,General research Institute for Nonferrous Metals,beijing 100088,china national engineering & {2. research center for Nonferrous Metal Matrix Composites General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Beijing China

A two-dimensional computational model coupling an annular electromagnetic stirring（A-EMS） with a macroscopic heat and fluid flow analysis in Al-alloys semisolid slurry preparation was *** dynamic evolutions of the electromagnetic field,flow field,and temperature field were presented successfully by commercial software ANSYS 10.0 with corresponding experimental verification.A horizontally rotational electromagnetic field and,thereby,a more intensive velocity field were uniformly distributed in the stirred melt even at commercial frequency,and thus,a lower temperature difference in the stirred melt and subsequent uniformly fine microstructures were obtained compared with the normal electromagnetic *** simulation results were in good agreement with experimental ones.

关键词： metal forming electromagnetic stirring numerical analysis semisolid slurry

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Online application of automatic surface quality inspection system to finishing line of cold rolled strips

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Journal of University of Science and technology beijing 2003年第4期10卷 38-41页

作者： Hao Sun, Ke Xu, and Jinwu Xunational engineering {2. center of Advanced Rolling, University of Science and technology beijing, beijing 100083, china Natl. Eng. Res. Ctr. of Adv. Rolling Univ. of Sci. and Technol. Beijing Beijing 100083 China

An automatic surface quality inspection system installed on a finishing lineof cold rolled strips is introduced. The system is able to detect surface defects on cold rolledstrips, such as scratches, coil breaks, rusts, roll imprints, and so on. Multiple CCD area scancameras were equipped to capture images of strip surface simultaneously. Defects were detectedthrough 'Dark-field illumination' which is generated by LED illuminators. Parallel computationtechnique and fast processing algorithms were developed for real-time data processing. Theapplication to the production line shows that the system is able to detect defects effectively.

关键词： surface inspection cold rolled strip finishing line CCD cameras imageprocessing

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Study on Transformation of CaO-Al_2._3-SiO_2.MgO System Inclusions in ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo Stainless Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel research International 2011年第S2期18卷 341-346页

作者： LIU Jian-hui1,3, DONG Han1,3, ZHU Rong2. LI Shi-qi2.(1. Institute for Structural Materials,Central Iron and Steel research Institute, beijing 100081,{2. 2. School of Metallurgical and Ecological engineering,University of Science and technology beijing, beijing 100083,{2. 3. national engineering research center of Advanced Steel technology, beijing 100081,{2.) Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst Inst Struct Mat Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Natl Engn Res Ctr Adv Steel Technol Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol beijing Sch Met & Ecol Engn Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

This paper aims at generally studying on the inclusions of ZGG06Cr13Ni4Mo ultra-low carbon stainless steel used for large scale hydraulic turbine sets. On the basis of analysis the industrial test samples, thermodynamic software FactSage is used to study inclusions transformation process in CaO-SiO2.Al2.3-MgO system while stainless steel is been smelting. The results illustrate the inclusions melting points and plasticity variation law. The reasonable inclusions plasticity controlling area is found out in low melting point. The melting point is up to 12.0℃ While MgO weight concentration is 10% in CaO-SiO2.Al2.3-MgO system, SiO2. Al2.3 and CaO in inclusions are in weight concentration range of 50-70%, 10-2.% and 10-40%, respectively. For purpose of gaining low melting point inclusions, silicon alumina radio in deoxidant should be controlled between 2.5 for ultra-low carbon stainless steel refining in industry.

关键词： ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo stainless steel low melting point inclusion thermodynamic calculation

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