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Hydrocarbon accumulation in network and its application in the continental rift basin

Science china Earth sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 88-100页

作者： PANG XiongQi1,2.CHEN DongXia1,ZHANG ShanWen3.HAO Fang1,LIU Zheng1,LIU KeYu3.SONG GuoQi4,WANG YongShi4,LUO XiaoRong5 & WU XiaoChun61 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,Chinese University of Petroleum,beijing 102.49,{3. 2.Basin and Reservoir {2.,Chinese University of Petroleum,beijing 102.49,{3. 3.SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield,Dongying 2.7051,{3. 4 CSIRO Petroleum,P. O. Box 113.,Bentley,WA 6102.Australia 5 Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese academy of Science,beijing 10002.,{3. 6 china national Petroleum Corporation,beijing 10072.,{3. Chinese Univ Petr State Key Lab Petr Resource & Prospecting Beijing 102249 Peoples R China Chinese Univ Petr Basin & Reservoir Ctr Beijing 102249 Peoples R China SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield Dongying 257051 Peoples R China CSIRO Petr Bentley WA 6102 Australia Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geol & Geophys Beijing 100029 Peoples R China china Natl Petr Corp Beijing 100724 Peoples R China

The concept of hydrocarbon accumulation in network was presented on basis of the overall analysis of the formation and evolution characteristics of the continental faulted basin and of the systemic re-search on the major controlling factors on the hydrocarbon accumulation. The hydrocarbon accumu-lation in network can be defined as hydrocarbon accumulation in a three-dimensional network system which is constituted by the hydrocarbon migration passages under multiple dynamics,following the hydrocarbon generation from source rocks. The research shows that the hydrocarbon accumulation in network is composed of four elements,i.e.,hydrocarbon source (source rock kitchen),hydrocarbon accumulation terminal (trap),network pathway connecting source and terminal (transporting system),and network potential driving hydrocarbon migration in the network pathway (migration dynamics). Compared with other networks,hydrocarbon accumulation in network has three basic characteristics: the irreversible geological process of material and information flow in the network; the loss of material and information in the flow process in the network; the multiple dynamics in the flow process. Interac-tion of all the elements in the geological process can be called hydrocarbon accumulation in network. There are three basic models for hydrocarbon accumulation in network,that is,hydrocarbon accumu-lation in the network source area,hydrocarbon accumulation in the network pathway,and hydrocarbon accumulation in the network terminal. The key in the application of the hydrocarbon accumulation models in network in practice is to confirm the major accumulation stage and the function range of the four elements controlling the hydrocarbon firstly,to predict the profitable accumulation region by su-perposition of the favorable areas confirmed by four elements consequently,and to evaluate the oil-bearing property of the trap as well as confirm drilling targets. This paper takes the Dongying De-pression in the

关键词： continental rift basin hydrocarbon accumulation theory hydrocarbon network hydrocarbon accumulation in network Bohai Bay Basin

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Permian Alkaline Granites in Central Inner Mongolia and Their Geodynamic Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1995年第1期69卷 27-39页

作者： Hong Dawei, Huang Huaizeng, Lithosphere Research center, Chinese academy of {2. {3., beijingXiao Yijun, Institute of Geology, Chinese academy of {2. {3., beijingXu Haiming,Institute of Mineral Deposits, Chinese academy of {2. {3., beijingand Jin M anyuanTianjin {2. academy, Ministry of Metallurgical Industry, Tianjin Fei Zhenbi Lithosphere Research center Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China

Alkaline granites (Rb-Sr ages 2.6-2.6 Ma)occurring in the Bayan Ul-East Ujimqin belt at the southern margin of the Siberian plate originated in a tensional tectonic environment about 60 Ma earlier than the Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous collision between the Siberian and Sino-Korean plates. They belong to post-orogenic A-type granites and may be used as an indicator of the end of the orogeny. At the northern margin of the Sino-Korean plate, however, only late-orogenic calc-alkaline granites occurred during the late Caboniferous-Permian, and alkaline syenites did not appear until the Late Triassic. The asymmetric magmatism at the margins of the two neighbouring plates might be controlled by the differences in size and mass of the two plates.

关键词： alkaline granite geodynamics Inner M ongolla

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New Institutional Mechanism in china Facilitating the Global Sustainability——Environment to Be Counted in Officials' Performance Rating

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2004年第4期2卷 49-52页

作者： Ren Jingming Wang Rusong Research center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese academy of Science, {2. 100085,{3. Development Research center of Chinese geological Survey, beijing 10003.,{3. Research center for Eco-Environmental Science Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100085 China Development Research center of Chinese geological Survey Beijing 100037 China

Having argued the importance of china's sustainable development in global sustainability, the authors review the achievements of china in sustainable development, especially its institutional construction. Environment to be counted in official's political performance rating system is thought of as a new institutional mechanism in china facilitating its sustainable development and then global sustainability. Then its significance is narrated and visions in future are envisioned. In the end, certain concrete suggestions for the rating system are given in a practical way.

关键词： official’s performance rating System institutional mechanism china’s sustainable development global sustainability

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Os isotopic compositions of a cobalt-rich ferromanganese crust profile in Central Pacific

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Science Bulletin 2005年第18期 140-146页

作者： FU Yazhou1, 2. PENG Jiantang1, QU Wenjun3. HU Ruizhong1, SHI Xuefa4 & DU Andao3.1. The Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit, Institute of Geochemistry, Chi-nese academy of sciences, Guiyang 550002.{2. 2. The Graduate School of the Chinese academy of sciences, beijing 10003.,{2. 3. national geological Analysis center, beijing 10003.,{2. 4. The first Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 2.6061,{2.

187Os/188Os ratios in all sub-layers of the Co-rich ferromanganese crust MP5D17 from Line Seamount in Central Pacific have been systematically determined. The 187Os/188Os values in this crust are highly variable, ranging from 0.42.2.to 1.0155. From the bottom to the top, the os-mium isotopic ratios of the crust display a regular variation trend, which correlates well with its changes in structure and texture in the vertical profile. In comparison with the evolu-tion curve of Os isotopic composition in seawater over the past 80 Ma, a similar evolution tendency can be found with respect to the Os isotopic composition of the crust in this study. It is preliminarily concluded that the crust MP5D17 began to grow at about 72.Ma, and underwent three growth hiatuses, corresponding to the {3. ages of 64, 53.and 3. Ma, respectively.

关键词： Co-rich ferromanganese crust crust profile osmium isotopic composition Central Pacific.

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The terrestrial NPP simulations in china since Last Glacial Maximum

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Science Bulletin 2005年第18期 108-113页

作者： HE Yong1, DAN Li2. DONG Wenjie1,2. JI Jinjun3.2.& QIN Dahe1 1. {3. Climate center,{2. Meteorological Administration, Bei-jing 100081,{2. 2. Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese academy of sciences, beijing 10002.,{2. 3. Institute of Geographical sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101,{2.

Based on Atmosphere-Vegetation Interaction Model (AVIM), the magnitude and spatial distribution of terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP) in china is simu-lated during three different geological eras, Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), Mid-Holocene (MH) and the present. The simulation shows that the glacial-interglacial variation of East Asian summer monsoon in china is the key factor af-fecting the NPP change. During the three eras, mean NPPs are {3.8 g/m{3.a, 409 g/m{3.a, and 3.5 g/m{3.a. The total NPPs are {3.05 Pg/a, 3.89 Pg/a and 3.3. Pg/a, respectively. The ter-restrial NPP in china during warm-humid climate is larger than that during cold-arid eras, and the correlation analysis between NPP and climate factors suggests that temperature is the primary factor affecting the terrestrial NPP during {3. kaBP (LGM), and for 6 kaBP (MH) and the present the pri-mary factor is precipitation.

关键词： Last Glacial Maximum Mid-Holocene NPP East-Asian monsoon climate change.

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A hydrocarbon enrichment model and prediction of favorable accumulation areas in complicated superimposed basins in china

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Petroleum Science 2010年第1期7卷 10-19页

作者： Pang Xiongqi Meng Qingyang Jiang Zhenxue Liu Luofu Lu Xiuxiang State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Basin and Reservoir Research center China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China

The geologic conditions of superimposed basins in china are very complicated. This is mainly shown by multi-phase structural evolution, multiple sets of source-reservoir-cap rock combinations, multiple stages of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion from source rocks, multi-cycle hydrocarbon enrichment and accumulation, and multi-phase reservoir adjustment and reconstruction. The enrichment, accumulation and distribution of hydrocarbon is mainly controlled by the source rock kitchen, paleo- anticline, regional cap rock and intensity of tectonic movement. In this paper, the T-BCMS model has been developed to predict favorable areas of hydrocarbon accumulation in complicated superimposed basins according to time and spatial relationships among five key factors. The five factors include unconformity surface representing tectonic balancing （B）, regional cap rock representing hydrocarbon protection （C）, paleo-anticline representing hydrocarbon migration and accumulation （M）, source rock kitchen representing hydrocarbon generation and expulsion （S） and geological time （T）. There are three necessary conditions to form favorable areas of hydrocarbon accumulation. First, four key factors BCMS should be strictly in the order of BCMS from top to bottom. Second, superimposition of four key factors BCMS in the same area is the most favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation. Third, vertically ordered combination and superimposition in the same area of BCMS should occur at the same geological time. The model has been used to predict the most favorable exploration areas in Ordovician in the Tarim Basin in the main hydrocarbon accumulation periods. The result shows that 95% of the discovered Ordovician hydrocarbon reservoirs are located in the predicted areas, which indicates the feasibility and reliability of the key factor matching T-BCMS model for hydrocarbon accumulation and enrichment.

关键词： Complicated superimposed basin key factor matching T-BCMS model favorable area for hydrocarbon accumulation hydrocarbon distribution prediction

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Distribution characteristics of seamount cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts and the determination of the size of areas for exploration and exploitation

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2011年第3期30卷 63-75页

作者： HE Gaowen MA Weilin SONG Chengbing YANG Shengxiong ZHU Benduo YAO Huiqiang JIANG Xunxiong CHENG Yongshou Guangzhou Marine geological Survey Guangzhou 510075 China Second Institute of Oceanography State Ocean Administration Hangzhou 310012 China china Ocean Mineral Resources R ＆ D Association Beijing 100860 China beijing General Research Institute of Mining ＆ Metallurgy Beijing 100070 China national Marine Information center Tianjin 300171 China

In 2.01, the International Seabed Authority （ISBA） initiated the consideration relating to the Regulations for Prospecting and Exploration for Hydrothermal Polymetallic Sulphides and Cobalt-rich Ferromanganese Crusts in the Area at its 7th session. Since then, the consideration of the Regulations has been mainly focused on the size of areas to be allocated for exploration and exploitation of the crusts. This paper, based on the investigation data and the analysis of the distribution characteristics of the crusts, suggests a model for determining the size of areas for exploration and exploitation of the crusts, taking into account various factors such as production scale, crust thickness and grade, mineable area proportion, recovery efficiency, exploration venture, and so on. Through the modeling, the paper suggests that the exploration area （the area covered by each application for approval of a plan of work for exploration of cobalt-rich crusts） shall be 4 856 km2.and the exploitation area （the mine site area） shall be 1 2.4 km2. for 2. years of 1 million wet tonnes annual production.

关键词： cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts exploration and exploitation area seamounts regulation on exploration

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Phenanthrene-degrading pathway of Agrobacterium sp. Phx1

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第Z2期48卷 269-275页

作者： ZHANG Lei, YUAN Hongli, WANG Shuangqing & HUANG Huaizeng College of Biological sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Microbial Resource and Application, Ministry of Agriculture, china Agricultural University, {2. 100094, china national Research center of geoanalysis, beijing 10003., china College of Biological sciences Key Laboratory of Agro-Microbial Resource and Application Ministry of Agriculture China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China national Research center of {2. Beijing 100037 China

The metabolic pathway of phenanthrene-degrading strain Agrobacterium sp. Phx1 was investigated. Phx1 almost was able to transform 100 υg/mL of phenanthrene completely in 1 day in broth media of beef extract-peptone (BP), Luria-Bertani (LB) and mineral salts media (MS), and LB and BP could promote the growth and degradation efficiency of Phx1. The GC-MS was employed to analyze the metabolites of the 1st, 3.d, 7th days of phenanthrene degradation in MS. As a result, the 1-Hydroxy-2.naphthoic acid (1H2.) and 1-naphthol (NOL) were detected in the metabolites of the 1st day. Only NOL was observed on the 3.d day and it disappeared on the 7th day. The accumulated NOL did not pertain to the defined pathway of phenanthrene degradation by bacteria. The further HPLC study confirmed the finding in GC-MS analysis and found the production of catechol (CAT) from o-phthalic acid (OPA) in the phenanthrene metabolizing, which has never been reported in the defined degrading pathways. This production was also evidenced by the production of CAT using OPA as substrate. All of our results showed that the Agrobacterium sp. Phx1 had a novel phenanthrene-degrading pathway.

关键词： Agrobacterium, phenanthrene, metabolic pathway, 1-naphthol, o-phthalic.

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Mechanism of cadmium resistance and adsorption of a yeast strain Rhodotorula sp. Y11

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第Z2期48卷 262-268页

作者： YUAN Hongli, LI Zhijian, WANG Nengfei & HUANG Huaizeng College of Biological sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Microbial Resource and Application, Ministry of Agriculture, china Agricultural University, {2. 100094, china national Research center of geoanalysis, beijing 10003., china College of Biological sciences Key Laboratory of Agro-Microbial Resource and Application Ministry of Agriculture China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China national Research center of {2. Beijing 100037 China

The mechanism of cadmium resistance of a yeast strain Rhodotorula sp. Y11 isolated from mine soil was investigated. We found that the yeast cells treated with different methods showed different cadmium-adsorption models. Grown in medium supplied with 100 mg/L of cadmium, 3.2.% of the cell-absorbed cadmium was accounted in the cytoplasm. However, only 1% was taken into the cytoplasm and 99% was bound to the cell wall using the lyophilized biomass to adsorb cadmium in double distilled water. Treatments with alkali, ethanol-chloroform and proteinase showed different influences on the biosorption of whole cells and isolated cell walls. FT-IR analysis showed that acetyl of chitin was the active compound in the cells to absorb cadmium. The production of Metallothioneins, proteins related to the resistance to heavy metal in yeast, was evidently induced by cadmium, achieving 63..8 μg/g wet weight, which was about 85 folds higher than that in the uninduced biomass and was also much higher than that reported previously. The molecular weight of Metallothioneins was 6500 Da estimated by SDS-PAGE.

关键词： cadmium, adsorption, Rhodotorula sp., cell wall, Metallothionein.

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A Spectral Index for Estimating Soil Salinity in the Yellow River Delta Region of china Using EO-1 Hyperion Data

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Pedosphere 2010年第3期20卷 378-388页

作者： WENG Yong-Ling GONG Peng ZHU Zhi-Liang Department of Surveying and Mapping Engineering College of Transportation Southeast University Nanjing 210096(China) State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of the Chinese Academy ofSciences and Beijing Normal University Beijing 100101 (China) Department of Environment Science Policy and Management University of California Berkeley CA 94720 (USA) EROS Data center U.S. Geological Survey Sioux Falls SD 57198 (USA)

Soil salinization is one of the most common land degradation processes. In this study, spectral measurements of saline soil samples collected from the Yellow River Delta region of china were conducted in laboratory and hyperspectral data were acquired from an EO-1 Hyperion sensor to quantitatively map soil salinity in the region. A soil salinity spectral index (SSI) was constructed from continuum-removed reflectance (CR-reflectance) at 2.52.and 2.03.nm, to analyze the spectral absorption features of the salt-affected soils. There existed a strong correlation (r = 0.91) between the SSI and soil salt content (SSC). Then, a model for estimation of SSC with SSI was established using univariate regression and validation of the model yielded a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.986 and an R2.of 0.873. The model was applied to a Hyperion reflectance image on a pixel-by-pixel basis and the resulting quantitative salinity map was validated successfully with RMSE = 1.92. and R2.= 0.62.. These suggested that the satellite hyperspectral data had the potential for predicting SSC in a large area.

关键词： hyperspectral reflectance soil salt content spectral absorption features

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