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Empirical Analysis of Xinjiang's Bilateral Trade: Gravity Model Approach

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chinese Geographical Science 2008年第1期18卷 9-16页

作者： CHEN Xuegang YANG Zhaoping LIU Xuling Xinjiang institute of Ecology and geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

Based on the basic trade gravity model and Xinjiang's practical situation, new explanatory variables (GDP, GDPpc and SCO) are introduced to build an extended trade gravity model fitting for Xinjiang's bilateral trade. From the empirical analysis of this model, it is proposed that those three variables affect the Xinjiang's bilateral trade posi- tively. Whereas, geographic distance is found to be a significant factor influencing Xinjiang’s bilateral trade negatively. Then, by the extended trade gravity model, this article analyzes the present trade situation between Xinjiang and its main trade partners quantitatively in 2.04. The results indicate that Xinjiang cooperates with its most trade partners successfully in terms of present economic scale and developing level. Xinjiang has established successfully trade part- nership with Central Asia, Central Europe and Eastern Europe, Western Europe, East Asia and South Asia. However, the foreign trade development with West Asia is much slower. Finally, some suggestions on developing Xinjiang's for- eign trade are put forward.

关键词： trade gravity model extended trade gravity model bilateral trade Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Xinjiang

FEASIBLE STUDY ON THE INTEGRATION SYSTEM FOR THE SPACE MONITORING OF MAJOR EARTHQUAKES AND VOLCANOES IN TERRESTRIAL LAND

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chinese Geographical Science 2002年第4期12卷 350-353页

作者： BO Li-qun(Changchun institute of geography,t he{2.,Changchun 130012.P.R.china) Changchun institute of geography the Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun P. R. China

With the rapid development of space technology,earth observation tech nology and sky observatory technolo-gy,they have played a more and more im portant part in monitoring and predi cting of earthquakes and volcanoes i n the terres-trial *** recent years,the rela ted agencies have done the experimen ts and researches on monitoring and p redicting of earthquakes and volcanoes in the forewarning period by means of many appr oaches,such as satellite thermal in frared re-mote sensing(TIRS),Global Positioning System(GPS),differential interferometric syn thesis aperture radar(D-INSAR),astronomical time-latitude residual anomaly,and Geographic Information Systems (GIS),etc.A quite large number of re-search foundation has been built in t he fundamental theories and applica tion *** experiments and re searches have shown that these technology is e fficient methods for high frequency crust *** the existed separate scientific forces and results are possibly asse mbled together to form a more complete integration monitoring system wit h the combina-tion of space,sky observation,grou nd,deep geology and macro anomaly,i t will come into a new stage of monitoring and predicting of earthquakes and volca nic eruptions.

关键词： space technology integration system earthquake and volcano

Growth characteristics and response to climate change of Larix Miller tree-ring in china

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第6期53卷 871-879页

作者： SUN Yu1,4, WANG LiLi1,2.3, CHEN Jin5, DUAN JianPing1,4, SHAO XueMei1,2.& CHEN KeLong6 1 institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research,{2., Beijing 100101, china 2.institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,{2., Beijing 100085, china 3 institute of Desert and Meteorology, china Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002. china 4 Graduate University of{2., Beijing 100049, china 5 institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,{2., Beijing 100044, china 6 School of Life and geography sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, china 1. institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China4. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China2. Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China3. Institute of Desert and Meteorology China Meteorological Administration Urumqi 830002 China5. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China6. School of Life and Geography Sciences Qinghai Normal University Xining 810008 China

As one of the earliest species used in dendrochronological studies, Larix responds sensitively to climate change. In this study, nine larch species and one variety from eleven sites were collected to study the growth characteristics of tree-ring width using dendrochronological methods. Ten residual tree-ring chronologies were developed to analyze their relationships with regional standardized anomaly series by Pearson’s correlation analysis. The results suggest that most of the chronologies had significantly positive correlations with the mean temperature and mean maximum temperature in May. The spring temperature evidently limited the radial growth of the larch species without precipitation control. The largest mean tree-ring width was found in Himalayan Larch in Jilong, whereas Master Larch in Si’er reflected the smallest mean value. Both species presented little climate information in this study. chinese, Potanin, and Tibetan larches are significantly correlated with climate change, implying a huge potential for climate history reconstruction. The elevation of the sampling sites appears to be an important condition for tree-ring growth of larches responding to climate factors.

关键词： Larix Miller tree-ring climate change mean temperature in May

Structural Adjustment of Oasis Agriculture in Xinjiang

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chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2005年第3期3卷 29-33页

作者： Lei Jun1,2.& Zhang Xiaolei1 1 Xinjiang institute of Ecology and geography,{2.,Urumqi 830011,china 2.institute of geography Science and Natural Resources Research,{2., Beijing 100101.china Xinjiang institute of Ecology and geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China institute of geography Science and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

Xinjiang’s oasis agriculture has made enormous strides over past decades. Structural adjustment of oasis agriculture sector has promoted production diversification. Xinjiang’s oasis agriculture sector is entering a new era. The era means more adjustments in oasis agricultural and rural economic structure so as to realize the sustainable development of agriculture. By summing and analyzing the main problems in Xinjinag’s oasis agricultural structure, such as raising farmer’s income, industry structure within agriculture, rural urbanization, pressure coming from market, agricultural environment degradation, puts forward the thinking, director and countermeasures to adjust oasis agricultural structure.

关键词： oasis agriculture structural adjustment agricultural industrialization Xinjiang

Research progress of desert science in china

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chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第24期45卷 2209-2213页

作者： XIA Xuncheng & FAN ShengyueXinjiang institute of Ecology and geography,{2., Urumqi 830011, china Cold and Arid Region Environment and Engineering Research institute.{2., Lanzhou 730000. china Xinjiang institute of Ecology and geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi China Cold and Arid Region Environment and Engineering Research Instiute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China

Research of desert science in china began in the 1930s, when Chen Zongqi et al. first made apreliminary investigation in several deserts. Shortly after the founding of the People’s Republic ofchina a few studies were carried out to meet the demand for the establishment of windbreak andsandbreak forests, for example, the studies of moving sand dunes in Yulin. Jingbian and Dingbianregions of Shaanxi Province. However, the comprehensive study of desert science in china

关键词： Research progress of desert science in china

The fluxes and controlling factors of N_2. and CH_4 emissions from freshwater marsh in Northeast china

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第5期53卷 700-709页

作者： YU JunBao1,2. LIU JingShuang2. SUN ZhiGao1, SUN WeiDong3, WANG JinDa2. WANG GuoPing2.& CHEN XiaoBing1 1 Key Lab of Coastal Envionment Processed, Yantai institute of Coastal Zone Research for Sustainable Development, chinese academy of sciences, Yantai 2.4003,{2. 2.Key Lab of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast institute of geography and Agricultural Ecology, chinese academy of sciences, Changchun 130012.{2. 3 Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and Geochemistry, Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry, chinese academy of sciences, Guangzhou 510640,{2. 1. Key Lab of Coastal Envionment Processed Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research for Sustainable Development Chinese Academy of Sciences Yantai 264003 China2. Key Lab of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130012 China3. Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China

Nitrous oxide (N2.) and methane (CH4) emissions were measured using a static chamber method in two adjacent plots of freshwater marsh predominated by Calamagrostis angustifolia, one is seasonal waterlogged (SW) and the other without surface water accumulation (NW), in Sanjiang Plain wetland (47°35′N, 133°31′E), northeast china, during 2.02.2.04. The diurnal and seasonal flux variations of both gases were significantly correlated with 5-cm-soil temperature. The NW marsh is a source of N2. and sink of CH4, while the SW marsh is sink of N2. and source of CH4. Remarkably, we observed a N2. emission peak under Eh of +300 to +100 mV, and CH4 emission peak under Eh of +300 to +400 mV, which indicate additional sources of N2. and CH4 for the freeze-thaw induced emission peaks of N2. and CH4 observed between late July and early August. Further study shows that the additional N2. and CH4 were emitted under the frozen soil after thawing.

关键词： freeze-thaw region freshwater marsh methane nitrous oxide controlling factors

A preliminary molecular historical biogeography of Caragana (Leguminosae) based on ITS and trnL-F DNA sequence data

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Journal of Arid Land 2009年第1期1卷 64-73页

作者： MingLi ZHANG1,2. Yun KANG3 , JunBo YANG4 1 Laboratory of Evolution and Biodiversity Conservation in Arid Region, Xinjiang institute of Ecology and geography,{2., Urumqi 830011, china 2.institute of Botany,{2., Beijing 100093, china 3 School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 2.0032. china 4 Kunming institute of Botany,{2., Kunming 6502.4, china chinese Acad Sci Lab Evolut & Biodivers Conservat Arid Reg Xinjiang Inst Ecol & Geog Urumqi 830011 Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Inst Bot Beijing 100093 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Sch Pharm Shanghai 200032 Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Kunming Inst Bot Kunming 650204 Peoples R China

The nrDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and cpDNA trnL-F internal spacer (IGS) sequence data of Caragana eight species and one outgroup Halimodendron halodendron, was employed to reconstruct a phylogenetic tree, then the area relationship was analyzed by means of component analysis (CA), Brooks parsimony analysis (BPA), and dispersal-vicariance analysis (DIVA), six areas were selected from two divided distributions of East Asia and Tethys in Caragana. The phylogenetic tree indicated that there were three distinctive groups, which were attributed to some morphological characters, first with pinnate foliage and deciduous rachis, second with palmate foliage and persistent sclerotic stick rachis, and third with pinnate foliage and persistent sclerotic stick rachis. The results of CA and BPA illustrated general area relationships. An explicit area relationship should be Altai-Sayan, Far East NE china and North china (Hengduan Mountains). DIVA recognized several explanatory vicariance and dispersal events. As the scenario of Caragana distribution pattern, it looks like the vicariance versus dispersal plays more important role. In vicaraince, there are not only the isolated far-distance vicariance, but also the adjacent vicariance especially a vicariance between Hengduan Mountains and North china.

关键词： Caragana ITS trnL-F phylogeny cladistic biogeography DIVA distribution pattern

Multiple Effects of Energy Issues and Countermeasures: A Case of Shandong Province

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chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2008年第4期6卷 88-94页

作者： Wang Chengxin1,2., Wang Gefang3 , Yao Shimou4 1. College of Population, Resources and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan Shandong 2.0014, china 2. Research Center of Cycle Economy of Shandong Province, Jinan Shandong 2.0001, china 3. Party School of the Shandong Committee of CPC, Jinan Shandong 2.002., china 4. nanjing institute of geography and limnology, chinese academy of sciences, nanjing Jiangsu 210008, china College of Population Resources and Environment Shandong Normal University Research Center of Cycle Economy of Shandong Province Party School of the Shandong Committee of CPC nanjing institute of {2. and limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Energy is now becoming the bottleneck of urban and regional development. The paper takes Shandong Province, one of the most energy consuming provinces in china, as an example, uses quantity methods such as SPSS (Stastics Package for Social Science) cluster sampling and regression analysis, and applies quantity analysis, to analyze the situation of energy issues in Shandong province. The conflicts between the quick industrialization and increasing extensive economic development, between urban population and energy consuming per head, between the infinite energy consuming desire and the low level of managing system, and between the unstable world energy supply and the limited energy storage in china are the main factors of energy crisis in Shandong, which not only results in energy shortage, but also becomes the barrier of economic and social development. In order to ensure sufficient energy supply for Shandong province in the 2.st century, we should take countermeasures, such as changing the economic development model, pursuing a multiple and high quality energy strategy, improving the intensive urbanization strategy, and building a scientific energy system.

关键词： energy effects countermeasure Shandong Province

Lead content of urban soils in china

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Journal of Environmental sciences 1994年第3期6卷 355-360页

作者： Zhang Xuelin(Changchun institute of geography,{2. academy of sciences,Changchun 13002.,china) Meng Ke(Department of Environmental sciences,Qingdao Univereity,Qingdao 2.6003,china)

This paper presents the background value of Pb content in soils from Wuhan,Lanzhou,Changchun andQingdao cities in china,the soils were contaminated by either of smelter,automo- bile,chemical industries,and traffic road. The degree of Pb pollution in the four cities is different,Wuhan >Qingdao > Changchun>Lanzhou. The heavier pollution is where it is nearer to the pollution source. The Pb pollution in Wuhan,Qingdao and Changchun is similar to that of Ber- mingham.

关键词： lead urban soil pollution