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Application of backflush and micro-flow techniques to the analysis of C5—C13 hydrocarbons in crude oils and its geochemical significance

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第11期17卷 1382-1387页

作者： Wang Peirong1,2. Zhao Hong2.3, Xu Guanjun1,4, Zhu Cuishan2.3, Xiao Tingrong4, Zhang Min2.3 and Zhang Bin1,4(1. key laboratory of Petroleum {2., China National Petroleum Corporation, Beijing 100083, China 2. {2. Department of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 43402., China 3. key laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and gas Resources, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 43402., China 4. Petroleum geology Central laboratory, Research institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China) key laboratory of Petroleum {2. China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing 100083 China geochemistry Department of Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China key laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and {2. Resources Ministry of Education Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China Petroleum geology Central laboratory Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China

An Agilent 6890N GC equipped with both FID and Agilent 5975 MSD analyzer has been employed to analyze C5—C13 hydrocarbon fractions of crude oils. A technical combination of program temperature volatilizer injection, backflush and micro-flow controller afforded a fine separation of C5—C13 compounds on a PONA column with the heavy part of crude oils being cut off before entering the analytical column. Both GC-FID chromatogram and GC-MS mass chromatograms (MID and full scan) could be obtained at the same time. The retension time differences of nC6—nC13 alkanes between GC and TIC were in the range of 0.02.0.58 minutes. Totally 2.6 peaks have been assigned group compositions. Results on 8 typical oil samples from CNPC key laboratory Crude Oil Library showed that the characteristics of C6—C13 hydrocarbon group composition could be used in oil-oil correlation studies.

关键词： GC analysis GC/MS analysis backflush micro-flow controller light fraction in crude oil

INTRODUCTION TO FOSSIL ALGAE AND STROMATOLITES

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微体古生物学报 2003年第1期 2-4页

作者： MU Xinan 1,2. YUAN Xunlai 1 1 Nanjing institute of geology and Palaeontology,{2., Nanjing 2.00082.State key laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing 2.0008

Sulfur and carbon isotopic variations in Neoproterozoic sedimentary rocks from southern China

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2003年第11期 75-80页

作者： CHU Xuelei 1,2.*, ZHANG Qirui 1, ZHANG Tonggang 1,2.and FENG Lianjun 1,2.1. institute of geology and geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 10002., China 2. {2. {2. for Mineral Resources Research, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 10002., China) institute of geology and {2.，chinese academy of sciences，Beijing 10002.，China key laboratory for Mineral Resources Research，{2. {2. of sciences，Beijing 10002.，China institute of geology and {2.，chinese academy of sciences，Beijing 10002.，China

A new set of δ 34S sulfide, δ 34S sulfate and δ 13C carbonate values has been reported from Neoproterozoic sedimentary rocks in southern China. The interglacial black shales of the Datangpo Fm. display higher δ 34S sulfide values with >+2.‰ average, but the postglacial black shales from the Doushantuo Fm. show negative δ 34S sulfide values. However, the Jinjiadong Fm., the same post-glaciation as the Doushantuo Fm., has positive δ 34S sulfide values, implying that the δ 34S value of sedimentary sulfides would be controlled by lithofacies and paleogeographic environments. The δ 34S sulfate values relative to δ 13C carbonate were obtained by extraction of trace sulfate from the successive carbonate sequences in the Yangtze Gorges sections. A preliminary interpretation suggests that the oceanic environment may fluctuate dramatically at the post-glacial Doushantuo stage and, then, recover its stability at the Dengying stage on the basis of the high resolution δ 34S and δ 13C curves of seawater.

关键词： Neoproterozoic southern China sulfur isotopes carbon isotopes seawater secular variations.

Progress and review of the studies on the end-Triassic mass extinction event

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Science China Earth sciences 2005年第12期48卷 2049-2060页

作者： DENG Shenghui1,2. LU Yuanzheng1,2.3 & XU Daoyi4 1. Research institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China 2. key {2. of Oil and gas Reservoir of PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China 3. China University of Geo{2., Beijing 100083, China 4. institute of geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 10002., China 1. Research institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development 100083 Beijing China 2. key laboratory of Oil and {2. Reservoir of PetroChina 100083 Beijing China 3. China University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China 4. institute of geology China Earthquake Administration 100029 Beijing China

The mass extinction at the end-Triassic is one of the five biggest in the Phanerozoic. However,it is the least well understood among these five events, and only till last decade it became a great academic interesting subject to geologists. The evidences for this event come obviously from bivalves, brachiopods, ammonites, corals, radiolaria, ostracods and foraminifera of marine habitats, and plants and tetrapods of terrestrial realm. By contrast, for some of other groups, such as marine gastropods and marine vertebrates, no mass extinction has been recog-nized yet. The extinction event is strongly marked at specific level but shown a complicated situa-tion at generic and family levels. Dramatic changing of the environment, such as the temperature raise due to the greenhouse effect, the marine anoxic habitats caused by a sudden transgression after the regression at the end of Triassic, has been claimed to be the main cause of the extinction. Many hypotheses have been suggested to demonstrate the mechanisms of the environment changing, among which two popular ones are the bolide impact and volcanic eruption. The Triassic-Jurassic (Tr-J) boundary mass extinction event is still poorly understood because no enough data have been obtained from the Tr-J boundary successional sections of both marine and terrestrial sediments, and most of these studies were regionally restricted. The basic aspects of the event and its associated environmental conditions remain poorly characterized and the causal mechanism or mechanisms are equivocal. Some authors even doubt its occurrence. China has many successionally developed terrestrial and marine Tr-J sections. Detailed studies of these sections may be important and significant for well understanding of the event.

关键词： progress, review, end-Triassic, mass extinction, mechanism, Tr-J boundary.

Carbon isotope composition of the Lower Triassic marine carbonates, Lower Yangtze Region, South China

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Science China Earth sciences 2006年第3期49卷 225-241页

作者： ZUO Jingxun1,2. TONG Jinnan3, QIU Haiou4 & ZHAO Laishi3 1. Nanjing institute of geology and Palaeontology,{2., Nanjing 2.0008, China 2. Henan institute of Geological Survey, Zhengzhou 450007, China 3. State key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources at China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China 4. Faculty of Material sciences and Chemical Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China 1. Nanjing institute of geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China 2. Henan institute of Geological Survey Zhengzhou 450007 China 3. State key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources at China University of Geo{2. Wuhan 430074 China 4. Faculty of Material sciences and Chemical Engineering China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

Studies on three Lower Triassic sections located on the shallow water platform, the deep water slope and in the deep water basin in the Lower Yangtze Region, South China, show the similar trend of carbon isotope evolution. Biostratigraphic correlations among the Lower Triassic sections on the basis of standard conodont zones indicate that three negative shifts occurred in the Griesbachian, the Smithian and the late Spathian stages respectively, and one distinctly positive shift occurred in the early Spathian stage. Trend of carbon isotope evolution of the Lower Triassic reflects some significant changes in the global carbon cycle. Moreover, δ 13C background values are intensively controlled by palaeogeographic environment. In general, δ 13C values from deep-water slope carbonates are lighter than those from carbonate platform and heavier than those from deep-water basin carbonates. The positive carbon isotope excursion may be induced by a significant amount of organic carbon burial in marine sediments and increase in primary productivity. The large negative carbon isotope excursions during the Early Triassic in Lower Yangtze Region are interpreted to relate to volcano eruptions based on tuffaceous claystone interlayers observed near the Permian-Triassic boundary, the Induan- Olenekian boundary and the Lower Triassic-Middle Triassic boundary.

关键词： Lower Triassic, carbon isotope compositions, palaeogeography, volcanic eruptions, Lower Yangtze Region.

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海相碳酸盐岩烃源岩的研究进展

天然气工业 2004年第8期24卷 21-23页

作者：王杰陈践发中国科学院兰州地质研究所气体地球化学重点实验室

文章就碳酸盐岩烃源岩有机质丰度下限标准、有机质的赋存形式、生烃机制与生烃模式等方面的研究现状、主要进展进行讨论。目前对有机质丰度下限认识不一 ,石油勘探部门所采用的标准也很低 ,应用效果不理想 ,进而提出以 0 .5 %作为下限标... 详细信息

文章就碳酸盐岩烃源岩有机质丰度下限标准、有机质的赋存形式、生烃机制与生烃模式等方面的研究现状、主要进展进行讨论。目前对有机质丰度下限认识不一 ,石油勘探部门所采用的标准也很低 ,应用效果不理想 ,进而提出以 0 .5 %作为下限标准 ,现场应用效果很好。在成岩演化过程中 ,不同赋存形式的有机质相互转变 ,在不同演化阶段的生烃量和生烃类型也存在较大差异。生烃模式的研究主要采用干法、加水以及小玻管热模拟实验 ,提出了“三段式”生烃模式 ,发现不同赋存状态的有机质地球化学特征不同。文章对于一些碳酸盐岩生烃研究热点问题的讨论希冀引起人们对碳酸盐岩生烃问题的关注 ,进而推动我国海相碳酸盐岩的基础理论研究。

关键词：海相碳酸盐岩烃源岩丰度有机质油气勘探含油气盆地

Discovery of seismites in Upper Sinian stratiform lead-zinc deposits in Dadu River valley, Sichuan, China: Implication for ore genesis

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Science China Earth sciences 2006年第11期49卷 1135-1146页

作者： LIN Fangcheng1,2.& PAN Guitang2.1. Geoscience College, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China 2. Chengdu institute of geology and Mineral Resources, Chengdu 610082. China 1. Geoscience College Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu 610059 China 2. Chengdu institute of geology and Mineral Resources Chengdu 610082 China

A number of lead-zinc sulphide deposits have been discovered in recent years in dolo- mitic rocks of the Upper Sinian Dengying Formation in the Dadu River valley region, Sichuan Province, China. The lead-zinc mineralization is closely associated with a black siliceous exhalite that has been traced over 50 km of strike. This makes Dadu River valley the most extensive stratiform non-ferrous sulphide horizon having been discovered to date in China. In a previous study by the first author (LIN), these deposits were recognised as belonging to the broad spectrum of lead-zinc sedimentary exhala- tive (SEDEX) deposits. In this paper, seismites and seismogenetic structures occurring in close association with the Dadu River valley mineralized zone are described. The close spatial and temporal relationship between the seismites and mineralization provides strong evidence for the hypothesis that the lead-zinc SEDEX deposits formed in direct response to earthquake activities around the Sinian-Cambrian boundary. The earthquakes are postulated to be an effective dynamic mechanism for triggering the upward migration of deep circulating ore fluids along synsedimentary growth faults and their exhalation onto the sea-floor to form the extensive deposits of stratiform lead-zinc sulphide ore.

关键词： seismites, earthquake, lead-zinc deposit, hydrothermal exhalation, Upper Sinian Dengying Age.

Constraints of authigenic carbonates on trace elements (Sr,Mg) of lacustrine ostracod shells in paleoenviron-ment reconstruction and its mechanism

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Science China Earth sciences 2008年第5期51卷 654-664页

作者： HU Guang1,2. JIN ZhangDong1 & ZHANG Fei3 1 State key laboratory of Loess and Quaternary {2., {2. of Earth Environment, chinese academy of sciences, Xi’an 710075, China 2.Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100049, China 3 College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 2.0095, China State key laboratory of Loess and Quaternary {2. Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an 710075 China Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China College of Resources and Env

Molar ratios of Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca were measured in two species of ostracod shells preserved in the upper core (15–55 m) of the Hequing Basin in Yunnan Province, southwest China. By correlating the molar ratios between Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca and comparing them with Sr concentrations of the sediments, we suggested that: (1) the molar Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratio variations in respective ostracod primo reflected the changes in its ambient water composition and ecology; (2. the molar Sr/Ca ratios responded better to the salinity change linearly than Mg/Ca without aragonite precipitation in the system, and otherwise there was no linear relation between them; and (3) the molar Sr/Ca ratios were mainly controlled by salinity and authigenic carbonate precipitation, whereas the molar Mg/Ca ratios were related to both salinity and temperature. In fact, the rate of ostracod growth owing to temperature controls the fluctuation of Mg/Ca in shells. Here, more attentions should be paid to the constraint of authigenic mineral precipitation processes on the trace elements in ostracod shells and to the correlation between these trace elements in biogenic carbonates and compositions of the sediments in systems and in future in vitro experiments.

关键词： ostracod shell molar Sr/Ca ratio molar Mg/Ca ratio environmental response Heqing Basin

Identification of Hercynian shoshonitic intrusive rocks in central Hainan Island and its geotectonic implications

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Science Bulletin 2006年第20期51卷 2507-2519页

作者： XIE Caifu1, 2. ZHU Jinchu1, DING Shijiang3, ZHANG Yeming2. FU Tai’an2.& LI Zhihong2.1. State key laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research and Department of Earth {2., Nanjing University, Nanjing 2.0093, China 2. Yichang {2. of geology and Mineral Resources, Yichang 443003, China 3. Hainan Bureau of geology and Mineral Resources, Haikou 5702.6, China Department of Otolaryngology University Hospital VU P.O. Box 7057 1007 MB Amsterdam The Netherlands State key laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research and Department of Earth {2. Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

An identification has been made of some shoshonitic intrusive rocks in central Hainan Island recently. These rocks are K-rich (K2.=2.9%―5.1%, K2./Na2.=0.95―2.12., distinctly enriched in LILE and LREE, strongly depleted in Nb, Ta, and moder- ately depleted in Sr and Ti, with (87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.70859―0.7142. and ε Nd(t) = (?2.77―?7.49). They were derived from an EMⅡ-type mantle source. The enrichment process is related to metasomatism of depleted mantle caused by a great amount of fluid-melt released from oceanic crust and terri- genous sediments at great depth (eclogite facies) during the subduction of the South China plate under the Indochina-South China Sea plate in the Carbon- iferous–Early Permian. A SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating yields a crystallization age of 2.2.7 Ma for the sho- shonitic intrusions, which is coeval with the strongly peraluminous granites found in central Hainan Island. These two kinds of rocks generally possess syn-intrusion ductile deformation structures. Thus they are considered to have been generated during the early stage (syn-thrust phase) of a post-collisional event. The primary magma of shoshonitic rocks was produced at a depth > 80 km by decompression- dehydration melting of previously enriched litho- spheric mantle wedge, phlogopite-bearing garnet peridotite, which was in turn caused by the break-off of a descendent slab and upwelling of a hot as- thenosphere. The rising of melts was accompaniedby crustal contamination and crystallization fractiona- tion (AFC). Combining with other related data, it is proposed that the southwards subduction and amal- gamation of the South China plate with the Indo- China-South China Sea plate took place at ca. 2.7- 2.8 Ma, which was a part of the convergence proc- ess of the Pangea supercontinent. The suture zone was probably located along the line of Song Ma-Beibu Gulf-north margin of the Yunkai Moun- tains-Wuyi Mountains.

关键词： SHRIMP U-Pb dating Hercynian shoshonitic intrusive rocks post-collisional event enriched mantle Hainan Island.