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A new method for spatio-temporal prediction of rainfall-induced landslide

Science china Earth sciences 2006年第4期49卷 421-430页

作者： DING Jixin1,2. YANG Zhifa2. SHANG Yanjun2. ZHOU Shenghua1 & YIN Juntao3.1.{3. Non-ferrous Metals Resource Geological Survey, Beijing 100012.{3. 2. Institute of {2. and geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, key laboratory of Engineering Geomechanics, Beijing 10002.,{3. 3. School of Geoscience & Environmental Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083.{3. 1. china Non-ferrous Metals Resource Geological Survey Beijing 100012 China 2. Institute of geology and geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Engineering Geomechanics Beijing 100029 China 3. School of Geoscience & Environmental Engineering Central South University Changsha 410083 China

Geological condition and rainfall are two most principal conditions inducing landslides in the Chongqing region. By analyzing the forming conditions of rainfall-induced landslides, a new method for spatio-temporal prediction of rainfall-induced landslide is brought forward on the basis of grading and overlapping geological condition and rainfall factor in this paper. At first, semi-quantitative assessment and grading for the geological condition of a certain area or slope can be carried out with the multi-factor interactive matrix. Then the severity of rainfall in that area is grading according to the maximum daily rainfall and the total rainfall in a rainfall course. Finally, the “landslide probability judgement factor” can be worked out through grading and overlapping “geological condition influenc- ing factor” and “rainfall influencing factor”, by which the landslide can be graded into 4 grades, they are landslide extremely easily happening, landslide easily happening, landslide difficultly happening and landslide hardly ever happening respectively. More accurate spatio-temporal prediction of rain- fall-induced landslides can come true on the ground of detailed geological survey of some dangerous slopes in an area and more precise weather forecast. Finally, the reliability and feasibility of carrying out the spatio-temporal prediction of rainfall-induced landslides with the method of “two factors” grading and overlapping are validated by the example of Jipazi landslide.

关键词： rainfall-induced landslide, geological condition, rainfall, two factors, grading and overlapping, interactive matrix, spatio-temporal prediction.

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Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic transition in Kuqa Depression-Tianshan,Northwest china:Evidence from sandstone detrital and geochemical records

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第9期48卷 1387-1402页

作者： LI Zhong1, GUO Hong2. WANG Daoxuan3.& LIN Wei1 1. Institute of geology and geophysics,{2., Beijing 10002., china 2. Tarim Oilfield Branch, CNPC, Korla 841000, china 3. Hefei University of Industry, Tunxilu 193. Hefei 2.0009, china 1. Institute of geology and geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences 100029 Beijing Chin 2. Tarim Oilfield Branch CNPC 841000 Korla China 3. Hefei University of Industry Tunxilu 193 230009 Hefei Chin

Similar to compositional evolution of sandstone modes and detrital heavy minerals from different profiles in the Kuqa Depression, Northwest china, major element analysis of whole sandstones from the same profiles shows four discontinuous depositional interfaces or periods, respectively corresponding to Lower Triassic\Middle Triassic, Upper Jurassic\Lower Cretaceous, Lower Cretaceous\Paleogene and Miocene\Pliocene, and indicates five-phase evolution during Mesozoic-Cenozoic: (1) From the first to fifth phase, a depositional suite changes from maroon and coarse clastic, through grey-dark grey and fine, red and coarse, red-mottled, interlayered by gypsum, to brown and coarse clastic assemblages, accompanying detrital component evolution in unstable-stable-unstable-very unstable-very unstable assem- blages. It is indicated that carbonate and complex detritus gradually dominate in sandstones in post-Late Jurassic, with rapid reduction of compositional maturity. (2. For major element geo- chemical parameters of whole sandstones, CaO and Fe2.O * 3.MgO contents show a change sequence in high-low-high-higher-highest values, with rapid increasing in post-Late Jurassic. (3. Contra some aggregative indicators for weathering indexes of sandstone detrital component, Al2.3.(CaO+Na2.) and ln(Q/(L+CE)), show a change sequence in low-high-low-lower-lowest ratios, with rapid decreasing in post-Late Jurassic. It is found that sandstone samples of the first, second and later three phases may be distinguished from the A-CN-K and A-CNK-FM diagrams respectively. Therefore, in the Kuqa Depression-Tianshan, the most important discontinuous depositional interface recording paleotectonic and paleoclimatic transition occurred in Early Triassic\Middle Triassic and Late Jurassic\Early Cretaceous, respectively, and, however, tec- tonic differentiations of basin-range system finally result in distinct depositional systems but similar detrital weathering indexes across the Lower Cretaceous\Paleogene

关键词： Tianshan, Kuqa Depression, basin-range, depositional record, tectonic transition, Mesozoic-Cenozoic.

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The role of reservoir mediums in natural oil cracking:Preliminary experimental results in a confined system

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chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第33期55卷 3787-3793页

作者： XIAO QiLin1,2.SUN YongGe1,3.& ZHANG YongDong1,2.1 State key {3. of Organic {2.,Guangzhou Institute of {2.,chinese academy of sciences,Guangzhou 510640,china 2.Graduate Schools,chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 100049,china 3.Institute of Environmental and Bio{2.(eBig),Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 3.002.,china State key laboratory of Organic {2. Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China Graduate Schools Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Institute of Environmental and Biogeochemistry (eBig) Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

Large amounts of data regarding the influence of temperature and pressure on the thermal stability of crude oil have been pub-lished;however,the role of reservoir mediums has received little *** involving oil cracking in the presence of montmorillonite,illite,calcite,quartz and water were conducted in closed gold tubes to investigate the effects of these reservoir mediums on oil *** was done by screening variations in the chemical and stable carbon isotopic components of nC10+ and gasoline-range hydrocarbons(nC8-)present in various *** indicated that reservoir mediums have an active role in oil cracking under experimental *** concentrations of nC10+ in the cracked residues progressively decreased in systems containing oil+water+illite,oil+water+montmorillonite,oil+water,oil+water+quartz and oil+water+*** comparison with the system containing oil+water,our results indicated a retardation effect for oil cracking in systems in the presence of illite and montmorillonite,and an acceleration effect on oil destruction in systems in the presence of calcite and ***10+ became increasingly depleted in 13. in systems with oil+water+illite,oil+water+calcite,oil+water+montmorillonite,oil+water+ quartz and oil+*** obvious correlation was observed between concentrations and stable carbon isotopic components of nC6-nC8 and nC10+ in the individual *** discrepancies in chemical and stable carbon isotopic components of nC6-nC8 and nC10+ in the pyrolyzed residues highlighted the important role of reservoir mediums to control carbon-carbon cleavage of nC10+ and then the isomerization,cyclolization and aromatization reactions;as well as governing the occurrence and thermal destruction of nC6-nC8 under experimental *** research may have critical implications in reconstructing chemical kinetic models for natural oil cracking.

关键词：裂解作用实验条件密闭系统原油裂解水库介质天然同位素组成

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Characteristics of the Middle-Late Triassic sedimentary facies assemblages in the Songpan-Ruoergai area

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第3期17卷 305-313页

作者： YAN Zhen, YU Liangjun, LI Jiliang, BIAN Qiantao, WANG Zongqi and YANG Yongcheng ( Institute of geology, chinese {2. of Geological {3., Beijing 10003., china State key laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of geology and geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 10002., china Shaanxi Insititute of geology Survey, Xianyang 712.00, china) [a]Institute of geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China [b]State key laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China [c]Shaanxi Insititute of geology Survey Xianyang China

The Middle-Late Triassic sedimentary rocks in the Songpan-Ruoergai area mainly consist of calcareous siltstone, muddy limestone, lithic arkose, feldspathic litharenite, mudstone, wormkalk, oolithic limestone, and conglomerate. Except for limestone bed increasing eastward longitudinally and vertically, the calcareous component of the sandstones increases obviously. Abundant benthic and plant fossils and their clasts occur within these rocks. The sedimentary structures predominately contain flaser, parallel, tabular, wavy, and herringbone cross beddings. These data coevally imply that the Middle-Late Triassic sediments deposited in the fluvial, lake and tide environments. Additionally, the rocks display graded, parallel, hummocky beddings, and sandy lamination, a feature characteristic of storm deposits.

关键词： Middle-Upper Triassic fluvial-lake environments tide environment tempestite Songpan-Ruoergai

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A restudy of Oryctocephalus indicus (Reed,1910)

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第11期16卷 1177-1182页

作者： ZHAO Yuanlong~1**, YUAN Jinliang~2. PENG Shanchi~ 2.3., YANG Xinglian~1, PENG Jin~1, LIN Jihpai~4, and GUO Qingjun~5(1. College of Resource and Environment of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550003. china 2. Nanjing Institute of geology and Palaeontology,{2., Nanjing 2.0008, china 3. State key laboratory of Papaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of geology and Palaeontology, Nanjing 2.0008, china 4. Department of Geological Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43.0}0, USA 5. Institute of geochemistry,{2., Guiyang 550002. china) College of Resource and Environment of Guizhou University Guiyang 550003 China Nanjing Institute of geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China State key laboratory of Papaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Nanjing 210008 China Department of Geological Science Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 United States Institute of geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China

Restudy on morphology of Oryctocephalus indicus (Reed, 1910), based on specimens from Guizhou, china and Nevada USA, suggests that the subspecies regarded previously as Oryctocephalus indicus indicus (Reed, 1910), O. indicus latus Zhao et Yuan 2.02. and O. indicus kobayashi Saito, 193., are synonymous, and Oryctocephalus americanus Sundberg et McCollum, 2.03.is a similar form of O. indicus. Oryctocephalus indicus is rediagnosed as having a glabella that is subconical in outline and tapering forward slightly; a thorax that comprises 12.segments, and a small pygidium that bears 2.3.axial rings with a terminal piece and a postaxial ridge. Oryctocephalus indicus is widely distributed in eastern Guizhou and ranges through a great interval of Kaili Formation. Its first appearance is almost identical with these events of trilobite extinction-recovery occurring at the end of the Early Cambrian, the alternation of acritach assemblages, the change of trace elements (REE) and stable isotopes (carbon) at the Wuliu-Zengjiaya section. As one of the key forms for defining the traditional Lower-Middle Cambrian boundary (the base of Cambrian Series 3.and Stage 5 in the new Cambrian chronstratigraphic standard), O. indicus has received detailed study and has more advantages than other species such as Ovatoryctocara granulata Tchernysheva, 1962.or Arthricocephalus chauveaui Bergeron, 1899.

关键词： Oryctocephalus indicus restudy Kaili Formation Cambrian Guizhou china.

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Kinematics and dynamics of the Mesozoic orogeny and late-orogenic extensional collapse in the Sino-Mongolian border areas

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第7期48卷 849-862页

作者： ZHENG Yadong 1 & WANG Tao2.1. key laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871,{2. 2. Institute of geology, chinese academy of Geological sciences, Beijing 10003.,{2. key laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution (Peking University) Ministry of Education Beijing 100871 China Institute of geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijinq 100037 China

The Sino-Mongolian border areas underwent two important tectonic events during Mesozoic time after late Paleozoic orogeny: a late Triassic to earlier Jurassic contractional event that resulted in a large-scale south-vergent thrust during the orogeny and a late Jurassic-earlier Cretaceous extensional event in a north-south direction that formed a metamorphic core complex. The kinematic and dynamic analyses show that the thrust sheet moved southwards with a kinematic vorticity number of ca. -0.10 and sub-horizontal maximum compressive stress axis that belongs to a contraction-thickening shear. The upper plate of the late-orogenic detachment relatively moved in a 165°direction. The average kinematic vorticity in its earlier stage was 0.74 that belongs to simple shear dominated shearing and related to the maximum compressive stress axes dipping at ～66°, while the later average kinematic vorticity was ～0.55°that belongs to pure shear dominated shearing with sub-vertical maximum compressive stress axes. This suggests that the thrusting led to the crust thickened and the lower plate rocks that were originally located in the upper crust depressed through a brittle-ductile transition zone into the lower crust and became warmer. The heated rocks trended to uplift since their increasing volume and decreasing density while the loading of the upper-plate rocks increased due to the structural thickening. Under the combined effect of the loading and the thermal-uplifting, the ductile shear zone in between increased in its component of vertical pure shear. Once its pure-shear component exceeded its simple-shear one the ductile shear zone became an extension-thinned shear zone. This progressive transitional process reflects internal and essential temporal and spatial relationships: the extensional factor nucleated during the crust thickening by thrusting and increase of the extensional factor finally led to late-orogenic collapse.

关键词： Mesozoic thrusting,late-orogenic collapse,kinematic vorticity number,stress state.

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Sporopollen analysis of Core B10 in the southern Yellow Sea and the reflected characteristics of climate changes

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chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第B06期48卷 42-48页

作者： FU Mingzuo~(1,2.3., LI Zhen~1, XU Xiaowei~1 & SHl Xuefa~1 1. key laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental {2., First institute of Oceanography. State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 2.6061. china 2. Institute of Oceanology, chinese academy of sciences, Qingdao 2.6071. china 3. Graduate School, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 10003.. china 1. key laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental {2. First institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration 266061 Qingdao China 2. Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences 266071 Qingdao China 3. Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences 100039 Beijing China

Eight sporopollen zones have been divided based on the results of high-resolution sporopollen analysis of Core B10 in the southern Yellow Sea. Based on the results along with ^14C datings and the subbottom profiling data,climatic and environmental changes since the last stage of late Pleistocene are discussed. The main conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) the vegetation evolved in the process of coniferous forest-grassland containing broad-leaved trees→coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest→coniferons and broad-leaved mixed forest-grassland prevailed by coniferous trees→coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest-grassland containing evergreen broad-leaved trees→coniferons and broad-leaved mixed forest-grassland prevailed by broadleaved trees→deciduous broad-leaved forest-meadow containing evergreen broad-leaved trees→coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest-grassland prevailed by broad-leaved trees→coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest containing evergreen broad-leaved trees; (2. eight stages of climate changes are identified as the cold and dry stage, the temperate and wet stage, the cold and dry stage, the warm and dry stage, the temperate and wet stage, the hot and dry stage, the temperate and dry stage, then the warm and dry stage in turn; (3. the sedimentary environment developed from land,to littoral zone, to land again, then to shore-neritic zone; and (4) the Yellow Sea Warm Current formed during early-Holocene rather than Atlantic stage.

关键词：中国黄海气候变化碳14年代测定底基压型数据更新世沉积环境大西洋

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^(40)Ar/^(3.)Ar chronology and geochemistry of high-K volcanic rocks in the Mangkang basin, Tibet

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第1期48卷 1-12页

作者： ZHANG Huihua, HE Huaiyu, WANG Jianghai & XIE Guanghong Guangzhou Institute of geochemistry, chinese academy of sciences, Guangzhou 510640,{2. Institute of {3. and geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 10002.,{2. College of Life sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 5102.5,{2. 1. chinese academy of sciences Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry 510640 Guangzhou China 2. chinese academy of sciences Institute of Geology and Geophysics 100029 Beijing China 3. College of Life sciences Sun Yat-Sen University 510275 Guangzhou China

Our two newly obtained high-quality 40Ar/3.Ar ages suggest that the high-K volcanic rocks of the Lawuxiang Formation in the Mangkang basin, Tibet were formed at 3..5 ( 0.2.Ma. The tracing of elemental and Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic geochemistry indicates that they were derived from an EM2.enriched mantle in continental subduction caused by transpression. Their evidently negative anomalies in HFSEs such as Nb and Ta make clear that there is an input of continental material into the mantle source. The high-K rocks at 3..5 ( 0.2.Ma in the Mangkang basin may temporally, spatially and compositionally compare with the early one of two-pulse high-K rocks in eastern Tibet distinguished by Wang J. H. Et al., implying that they were formed in the same tectonic setting.

关键词： Cenozoic high-K volcanic rocks, 40Ar/3.Ar chronology, Mangkang basin, Tibet.

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Quaternary marine transgressions in eastern china

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2012年第2期1卷 105-125页

作者： Lin Jingxing1, 3. Dai Luping2. 3.1. Institute of geology, chinese {2. of Geological sciences, Beijing 10003., china 2. key laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental sciences, Institute of Oceanology, chinese academy of sciences, Qingdao 2.6071, china 3. College of Earth Science, Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100049, china Institute of geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China College of Earth Science Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China key laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental {2. Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China

Based on the data from 117 holes (9151 samples) and the research on ecology and palaeoecology of Foraminifera combined with that on Ostracoda, diatoms, pollen and spores, eight marine transgressions have been recognized in the great plain regions through the Quaternary sequences and two marine transgressions have been found since the Late Pleistocene in the coastal plain (bedrock coast) areas. In the North china Plain, these are in ascending order:the Bohai transgression in the Early Pleistocene, the Haixing and Huanghua transgressions in the Middle Pleistocene, the Baiyangdian and Cangzhou transgressions in the Late Pleistocene, and the Tianjin transgression in the Holocene. In the Yangtze River Delta region the Rugao and Zhoupu transgressions occurred in the Early Pleistocene, the Shanghai, Jiading, and Wangdian transgressions in the Middle Pleistocene, the Jiangyin and Ge Hu transgressions in the Late Pleistocene, and the Zhenjiang transgression in the Holocene. In the coastal plain (bedrock coast) areas of North china, the Cangzhou transgression was recorded in the Late Pleistocene and the Tianjin transgression in the Holocene, whereas in South china the Fuzhou transgression took place in the Late Pleistocene and the Changle transgression in the Holocene. The transgressions correspond to warm periods and regressions to cold periods. The younger transgressions were not only of shorter duration, but also of larger magnitude. These findings point to the existence of four flood event strata since the Middle Pleistocene: two in the late Middle Pleistocene and another two in the Late Pleistocene.

关键词： Quaternary marine transgressions palaeoclimate eastern china

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Advances in the study of current-use non-PBDE brominated flame retardants and dechlorane plus in the environment and humans

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Science china Chemistry 2010年第5期53卷 961-973页

作者： LUO XiaoJun,CHEN SheJun,MAI BiXian & FU JiaMo State key laboratory of Organic {2. Guangzhou Institute of {2.,chinese academy of sciences,Guangzhou 510640,china 1. State key laboratory of Organic {2. Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China

The fate of the high production volume,currently in use,and not regulated non-polybrominated diphenyl ether(PBDE) flame retardants,such as tetrabromobisphenol A(TBBPA) ,hexabromocyclododecane(HBCD) and dechlorane plus(DP),and the alternative flame retardants of PBDE,such as BTBPE and DBDPE,in the environment has attracted increasing attention and aroused concern due to the increasing regulation and phasing-out of *** paper reviews the distribution,bioaccumulation,human exposure and environmental behavior of those non-PBDE flame retardants in various environmental *** data gaps and needs for future research are discussed.

关键词： TBBPA HBCD BTBPE DBDPE DP

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