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Modeling the impact of Australian Plate drift on Southern Hemisphere climate and environment

chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第14期50卷 1495-1502页

作者： ZHOU Botao1,5, ZHAO Ping2. JIAN Zhimin3.& HE Jinhai4 1. Nansen-Zhu International Research Center, institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, {2. 10002., china 2. institute of Climate and Environment, chinese academy of Meteoro- logical sciences, {2. 100081, china 3. {13. of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 2.0092. china 4. Department of Atmospheric sciences, Nanjing institute of Meteorol- ogy, Nanjing 2.0044, china 5. Graduate school of the chinese academy of sciences, {2. 10003., china Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate school of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China institute of Climate and Environment Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Department of Atmospheric sciences Nanjing Institute of Meteorology Nanjing 210044 China

Using a global atmosphere-ocean coupled model with the present-day and 14 MaB.P. oceanic topogra- phy respectively, two experiments are implemented to inves- tigate the effect of different locations of Australian Plate on the atmospheric circulation in middle-high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere. The results show that when Austra- lian Plate lay south at 14 MaB.P., both anticyclone circula- tions in the subtropical oceans and cyclone circulation around 60°-70°S are strengthened. Subtropical highs and circumpolar low pressure appear stronger, which results in much stronger Antarctic Oscillation and shorter period of Antarctic Oscillation Index (AOI) at 14 MaB.P. The rainfall and the surface air temperature also change correspondingly. The precipitation decreases around 40°S and increases around 60°-70°S, and the surface air temperature rises in high latitudes of the South Pacific and descends over the Weddell Sea and its north side. Besides, due to the changes of the temperatures and winds, Antarctic sea ice coverage also changes with its increasing in the Ross Sea and its west re- gions and decreasing in the Weddell Sea.

关键词：半球气候地球环球澳大利亚漂流物海洋地形学

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Characterization of a sodium-regulated glutaminase from cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

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Science china(Life sciences) 2008年第12期51卷 1066-1075页

作者： ZHOU Jie1, ZHOU JunXia1,2. YANG HaoMeng1, YAN ChengShi1 & HUANG Fang1 1 key laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Molecular Physiology, {2. of Botany, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100093. china 2.Graduate school of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 10003., china 1. key laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Molecular Physiology Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China 2. Graduate school of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China

Glutaminase is widely distributed among microorganisms and mammals with important functions. Lit-tle is known regarding the biochemical properties and functions of the deamidating enzyme glutami-nase in cyanobacteria. In this study a putative glutaminase encoded by gene slr2.79 in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803.was investigated. The slr2.79 was expressed as histidine-tagged fusion protein in Es-cherichia coli. The purified protein possessed glutaminase activity, validating the functional assign-ment of the genomic annotation. The apparent Km value of the recombinant protein for glutamine was 2..6 ± 0.9 mmol/L, which was comparable to that for some of other microbial glutaminases. Analysis of the purified protein revealed a two-fold increase in catalytic activity in the presence of 1 mol/L Na+. Moreover, the Km value was decreased to 12.2.± 1.9 mmol/L in the presence of Na+. These data demon-strate that the recombinant protein Slr2.79 is a glutaminase which is regulated by Na+ through in-creasing its affinity for substrate glutamine. The slr2.79 gene was successfully disrupted in Synecho-cystis by targeted mutagenesis and the △slr2.79 mutant strain was analyzed. No differences in cell growth and oxygen evolution rate were observed between △slr2.79 and the wild type under standard growth conditions, demonstrating slr2.79 is not essential in Synechocystis. Under high salt stress condition, however, △slr2.79 cells grew 1.2.-fold faster than wild-type cells. Moreover, the photosyn-thetic oxygen evolution rate of △slr2.79 cells was higher than that of the wild-type. To further charac-terize this phenotype, a number of salt stress-related genes were analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Expression of gdhB and prc was enhanced and expression of desD and guaA was repressed in △slr2.79 compared to the wild type. In addition, expression of two key enzymes of ammonium assimi-lation in cyanobacteria, glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) was examined by semi-quant

关键词： cyanobacteria Synechocystis putative glutaminase enzyme activity mutagenesis salt tolerance

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Mineral provinces and material provenance of the surficial sediments near the Zhongsha Islands in the South china Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2007年第1期26卷 66-76页

作者： YAN Quanshu1, 2. 3. SHI Xuefa2., WANG Kunshan2.. {3. of Oceanology, chinese academy of sciences, Qingdao 2.6071,{2.2. key laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environment Geology of State Oceanic Administration, First {3. of Oceanograghy, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 2.6061,{2.3. Graduate {13., chinese academy of sciences, beijing 10004.,{2. institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China

Characteristics and distribution patterns of clastic minerals (0.063.0.12. mm) in bottom sediments represent a significant indicator for the identification of the origin of sediment. One hundred and fourteen surface sediment samples, which were collected from the area near the Zhongsha Islands in the South china Sea, were analysed to identify the mineral suites and their distributions in the study area. The area can be divided into three mineral provinces: (Ⅰ) a province of biogenic minerals, which mainly originate from the Zhongsha Atoll; (Ⅱ) a province of volcanogenic minerals, which are mainly derived from local basaltic seamounts and small-scale volcanoes that are probably erupting, with some influences from the island-arc volcanic region around the South china Sea; and (Ⅲ) a mixed mineral province whose material source includes biogenic minerals, volcanogenic minerals and terrigenous minerals; the last province can be subdivided into a mixed mineral sub-province of the northeastern part of the study area, in which terrigenous minerals are mainly derived from china’s Mainland and do not exceed 17°N, and a mixed mineral sub-province of the southeastern part of the study area, in which terrigenous minerals are derived from Kalimantan and Indochina Peninsula and might be further transported into the deep sea basin through submarine canyons.

关键词： South china Sea Zhongsha Islands light mineral minerals province material provenance

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The three-dimensional structure and seasonal variation of the North Pacific meridional overturning circulation

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2011年第3期30卷 33-42页

作者： LIU Hongwei ZHANG Qilong DUAN Yongliang HOU Yijun institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China key laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves （KLOCAW） Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China The Graduate school of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

The three-dimensional structure and the seasonal variation of the North Pacific meridional overturning circulation （NPMOC） are analyzed based on the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation data and Argo profiling float data. The NPMOC displays a multi-cell structure with four cells in the North Pacific altogether. The TC and the STC are a strong clockwise meridional cell in the low latitude ocean and a weaker clockwise meridional cell between 7°N and 18°N, respectively, while the DTC and the subpolar cell are a weaker anticlockwise meridional cell between 3.N and 15°N and a weakest anticlockwise meridional cell between 3.°N and 50°N, respectively. The DTC, the TC and the STC are all of very strong seasonal variations. As to the DTC, the southward transport is strongest in fall and weakest in spring. For the TC, the northward transport is strongest in winter and weakest in spring, while the southward transport is strongest in fall and weakest in spring, which is associated with the strong southward fiow of the DTC in fall. As the STC, the northward transport is strongest in winter and weakest in summer, while the southward transport is strongest in summer and weakest in spring. This seasonal difference may be associated with the DTC. The zonal wind stress and the east-west slope of sea level play important roles in the seasonal variations of the TC, the STC and the DTC.

关键词： North Pacific meridional overturning circulation three-dimensional structure seasonal variation

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IMPLICITIZATION USING UNIVARIATE RESULTANTS

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2010年第4期23卷 804-814页

作者： Liyong SHEN Chunming YUAN school of Mathematical sciences Graduate University Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China key laboratory of Mathematics Mechanization Institute of Systems Science Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Among several implicitization methods, the method based on resultant computation is a simple and direct one, but it often brings extraneous factors which are difficult to remove. This paper studies a class of rational space curves and rational surfaces by implicitization with univaxiate resultant computations. This method is more efficient than the other algorithms in finding implicit equations for this class of rational curves and surfaces.

关键词： Implicitization rational space curves rational surfaces resultants.

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Two new species of Vestrogothia (Phosphatocopina, Crustacea) of Orsten-type preservation from the Upper Cambrian in western Hunan, South china

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Science china Earth sciences 2009年第6期52卷 784-796页

作者： ZHANG HuaQiao1,2.& DONG XiPing1,2.1 school of Earth and Space {3.,Peking University,{2. 100871,china 2.State key laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy,Nanjing institute of Geology and Palaeontology,chinese academy of {3.,Nanjing 2.0008,china school of Earth and Space sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China State key laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

Although fossils of Orsten-type preservation represented by Skaracarida and Phosphatocopina were first reported from the Middle and Upper Cambrian in western Hunan, South china in 2.05, diversified phosphatocopine species have never been appropriately described and elucidated in terms of their evolutionary relationships. Here, we described two new species of Phosphatocopina, Vestrogothia anterispinata sp. nov. and V. bispinata sp. nov. The evolutionary relationship among all the valid species of Phosphatocopina is discussed and the phylogeny of Phosphatocopina is reestablished using cladistic analysis. Accordingly, phosphatocopines primitively evolved along two lineages: one evolved towards the emergence of lobes; the other evolved towards the emergence of dorsal spines. Respectively, lobes originated independently three times, and dorsal spines originated only once. With regard to the dorsal rims, interdorsum originated first, whereas dorsal furrow originated independently twice on the basis of interdorsum. Probably Hesslandona may represent a polyphyletic group, whereas Vestrogothia a monophyletic group.

关键词： fossils of Orsten-type preservation Vestrogothia Phosphatocopina Crustacea evolution phylogeny Cambrian Hunan

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Remote sensing based shrub above-ground biomass and carbon storage mapping in Mu Us desert,china

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第S1期53卷 176-183页

作者： XU Min 1,2.CAO ChunXiang 1,TONG QingXi 1,LI ZengYuan 3.ZHANG Hao 1,HE QiSheng 1,2.GAO MengXu 1,2.ZHAO Jian 1,2.ZHENG Sheng 1,2.CHEN Wei 1,2.& ZHENG LanFen 1 1State key laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Jointly Sponsored by the {2. of Remote Sensing Applications of chinese academy of sciences and beijing Normal University,beijing 100101,china 2.Graduate school of the chinese academy of sciences,beijing 10004.,china 3.Research {2. of Forest Resources and Information Techniques,chinese academy of Forestry,beijing 10009,china 1. State key laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University Beijing 100101 China 2. Graduate school of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China 3. Research institute of Forest Resources and Information Techniques Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 10009 China

The estimation of above-ground biomass(AGB) and carbon storage is very important for arid and semi-arid ***-1A/B satellite data combined with field measurement data was used for the estimation of shrub AGB and carbon storage in the Mu Us desert,*** correlations of shrub AGB and spectral reflectance of four bands as well as their combined vegetation indexes were respectively analyzed and stepwise regression analysis was employed to establish AGB prediction *** prediction equation based on ratio vegetation index(RVI)was proved to be more suitable for shrub AGB estimation in the Mu Us desert than *** AGB and carbon storage were mapped using the RVI based prediction model in *** statistics showed the western Mu Us desert has relatively high AGB and carbon storage,and that the gross shrub carton storage in Mu Us desert reaches 16 799 2.0 t,which has greatly contributed to the carbon fixation in northern china.

关键词： above-ground biomass carbon storage Mu Us desert HJ-1A/B remote sensing

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Environmental archaeology of the Dachang region in the Daning Valley,the Three Gorges reservoir region of the Yangtze River,china

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chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第S1期53卷 140-152页

作者： ZHANG Yun 1 &ZHU Cheng 2.1 State key laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change,{2. of Botany,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100093. china 2.school of Geographic and Oceanographic sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing 2.0093.{13. 1. State key laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China 2. school of Geographic and Oceanographic sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

Environmental archaeology of archaeological sites on both sides of the Dachang section in the Daning River,the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River,shows that riverbed evolution has a great influence on the distribution of archaeological sites during the prehistorical and historical period,and it restricts human activity and the development of ancient *** investigation,dating data,paleocurrent analysis of 100 gravels on the riverbed and archaeological excavation reveal that the riverbed of the Dachang section developed in the Shuangyantang region during the early stage,after about 3. kaBP it shifted westward gradually and reached the present *** with the westward shift,the focus of ancient culture changed for several *** the Western Zhou Dynasty's period,the east riverbank of the Daning River was the main residential *** the Han Dynasty,along with the westward shift,the living space of ancient people was no longer confined to the east riverbank and the focus of culture moved *** the Zhangjiawan site became the main dwelling *** the late Han Dynasty, the villages were flooded and the ancients had to immigrate to a high *** of the Han and the Jin Dynasties outcropped on the flood plain of the east bank because their surface sediments were eroded by several flood events and the westward shift of the riverbed.

关键词： the Daning River environmental archaeology the Shuangyantang site the Zhangjiawan site tombs of the Han and the Jin Dynasties

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Properties of the 3.2.-[52.] band in the odd-N rare-earth nuclei

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2011年第S1期54卷 37-43页

作者： CHEN Liang1,2. ZHOU XiaoHong1,2. ZHANG YuHu1, ZHANG ShuangQuan3.& ZHU LiHua4 1institute of Modern Physics,{3., Lanzhou 73.000,{2. 2.raduate University of{3., beijing 10004.,{2. 3.tate key laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, school of Physics, Peking University, beijing 100871,{2. 4china institute of Atomic Energy, beijing 102.13.{2. 1. institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China3. State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China4. China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China

High-spin states in 161Er have been studied experimentally via the 150Nd(16O, 5n) reaction at a beam energy of 86 MeV. Three rotational bands built on the 5/2.[642., 3.2.[52.], and 11/2.[505] configurations have been extended up to high-spin states, and particularly, the α = -1/2.branch of the ground state 3.2.[52.] band has been revised significantly. It is found that signature inversion occurs in the 3.2.[52.] band after the band crossing in 161Er. The systematics of the signature inversion associated with the 3.2.[52.] configuration in the rare-earth region is discussed. The band properties are analyzed within the framework of a triaxial particle-rotor model, and a triaxial deformation is proposed to the 3.2.[52.] band.

关键词： high-spin states signature inversion triaxial particle-rotor model

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DNA barcoding:species delimitation in tree peonies

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Science china(Life sciences) 2009年第6期52卷 568-578页

作者： ZHANG JinMei1,2.WANG JianXiu1,2.XIA Tao1,2.& ZHOU ShiLiang1 1State {3. laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,{2. of Botany,the chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100093.china 2.raduate school of the chinese academy of sciences,beijing 10003.,china 1. State key laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China 2. Graduate school of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China

Delimitations of species are crucial for correct and precise identification of *** "spe-cies" is more a subjective than an objective concept in taxonomic practice due to difficulties in revealing patterns of infra-or inter-specific *** phylogenetic studies at the population level solve this problem and lay a sound foundation for DNA *** this paper we exemplify the necessity of adopting a phylogenetic concept of species in DNA barcoding for tree peonies(Paeonia ***).We used 40 samples representing all known populations of rare and endangered species and several populations of widely distributed tree *** currently recognized species and major variants have been included in this *** chloroplast gene fragments,***,rps16-trnQ,trnL-F and trnS-G(a total of 5040 characters,96 variable and 69 parsimony-informative characters) and one variable and single-copy nuclear GPAT gene fragment(2.93.2.97 bp,2.9 variable and 148 parsi-mony-informative characters) were used to construct phylogenetic relationships among the *** evolutionary lineages revealed by the nuclear gene and the chloroplast genes are inconsistent with the current circumscriptions of ***,***,***,and *** based on *** inconsistencies come from(1) significant chloroplast gene divergence but little nuclear GPAT gene divergence among population systems of *** + ***,and(2. well-diverged nuclear GPAT gene but little chloroplast gene divergence between *** and *** incongruence of the phylogenies based on the chloroplast genes and the nuclear GPAT gene is probably due to the chloro-plast capture event in evolutionary history,as no reproductive barriers exist to prevent inter-specific *** also evaluated the suitability of these genes for use as DNA barcodes for tree *** variability of chloroplast genes among well-defined species or population systems of a specie

关键词： DNA barcoding evolution Paeonia phylogeny species concept

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