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Test of magnetic susceptibility and grain-size age models of loess

Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第11期17卷 1312-1317页

作者： Chen Yimeng1,2.3. Feng Zhaodong4 and Gong Huili1,2.1. MOE and key {3. of Resources Environment and GIS of Beijing, Beijing 10003.,{2. 2. key laboratory of 3. information acquisition and application,{3., Beijing 10003.,{2. 3. Department of Economics & Management of Huizhou university, Huizhou 516007,{2. 4. key {3. of Western{2.’s Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou university, Lanzhou 73.000,{2.) key laboratory of Resources Environment and GIS of Beijing Beijing 100037 China key laboratory of 3. {2. {3. and {3. Capital Normal University Beijing 100037 China Department of Economics and Management Huizhou University Huizhou 516007 China key laboratory of Western{2.'s Environmental Systems Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China

Ages of the stratigraphic boundary MIS1/2.and MIS3.4 of the Yuanbu loess section in Linxia are used as the basis of the nodal control age. The age of MIS1/2.and MIS3.4 are obtained from the latest international research result—the climatic events recorded in the stalagmite in the Hulu Cave in Nanjing, that MIS1/2.is 11.5 kaB.P. and MIS3.4 is 59.8 kaB.P.. The ages of the two climatic events contain three nodal age control models (Model 1: 0 kaB.P.—59.8 kaB.P.; Model 2. 0 kaB.P.—11.5 kaB.P. and 11.5 kaB.P.—59.8 kaB.P.; Model 3. 11.5 kaB.P.—59.8 kaB.P.), which are used as the nodal control age separately. The deposition times of various stratigraphic horizons are calculated by using the magnetic susceptibility age model and grain-size age model, and then compared with each other. In addition, the AMS14C age, OSL age and the ages of YD and H events are compared with the ages of the corresponding horizons calculated by the three models of nodal control ages. From the analyses of lithologic characters and climatic stages it has been found that both the magnetic susceptibility age model and the grain-size age model have some defects. Because the accurate control ages are selected as the nodal points of the glacial period or interglacial period, the stratigraphic deposition times determined by the high resolution of magnetic susceptibility age model and grain-size age model approximate to the actual ages. As for the relative accuracy of the two age models, the magnetic susceptibility age model is more accurate than the grain-size age model.

关键词： loess nodal control age magnetic susceptibility age model grain-size age model test

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On multi-scale representations of geographic features

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2006年第Z2期49卷 39-47页

作者： WANG Yanhui, LI Xiaojuan & GONG Huili key laboratory of 3. {2. {3. and {3., MOE, capital normal university, Beijing 10003., china key Lab laboratory of Resource Environment and GIS of Beijing, capital normal university, Beijing 10003., china capital normal Univ MOE Key Lab D Informat Acquisit & Applicat 3 Beijing 100037 Peoples R China capital normal Univ Key Lab Lab Resource Environm Beijing 100037 Peoples R China capital normal Univ GIS Beijing Beijing 100037 Peoples R China

This paper contains a review of the development of research on multiple representations compiled from Geographic information Systems (GIS), including data structure, formalization and storage, and intelligent zoom. A summary is also included of the problems of interconnectivity, consistency maintenance, dynamic query and coexisting updates, as well as a research review of multi-scale databases and related studies. Finally,research directions and foci are proposed for the future design and implementation of multi-scale GIS.

关键词： multi-scale representation, multi-scale database, interconnectivity, consistency maintenance.

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A study on determining the location of groundwater divide using a mathematical morphology method

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2006年第Z2期49卷 141-148页

作者： PAN Yun, GONG Huili, DUAN Fuzhou & HU Zhuowei key laboratory of 3. {2. {3. and {3., Ministry of Education, capital normal university, Beijing 10003., china key laboratory of Resource Environment and GIS of Beijing, capital normal university, Beijing 10003., china capital normal Univ Minist Educ Key Lab D Informat Acquisit & Applicat 3 Beijing 100037 Peoples R China capital normal Univ Key Lab Resource Environm Beijing 100037 Peoples R China capital normal Univ GIS Beijing Beijing 100037 Peoples R China

Placement of a groundwater divide indicates sink areas and spatial distribution, knowledge of which helps in the mapping of regional aquifer properties and the management of groundwater resources. By applying mathematical morphology to a conceptual model of a watershed and characteristic erosion and dilation operations, this paper proposes a structuring element with which to extract the shape and location of groundwater divide. With due consideration to watershed linearity, a structuring element with three origins is designed to connect watershed points. After erosion, closing, and dilation operations, the groundwater divide is determined; the results indicate this method's feasibility and accuracy.

关键词： groundwater divide, mathematical morphology, structuring element.

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Ontology-based analysis of multi-scale modeling of geographical features

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2006年第Z2期49卷 121-131页

作者： WANG Yanhui, LI Xiaojuan & GONG Huili key laboratory of Three-Dimensional {2. {3. and {3., Ministry of Education, capital normal university, Beijing 10003., china Beijing key laboratory of Resource Environment and GIS, capital normal university, Beijing 10003., china capital normal Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Dimens Informat Acquisit & Applicat 3 Beijing 100037 Peoples R China capital normal Univ Beijing Key Lab Resource Environm Beijing 100037 Peoples R China capital normal Univ GIS Beijing 100037 Peoples R China

As multi-scale databases based on scale series of map data are built, conceptual models are needed to define proper multi-scale representation formulas and to extract model entities and the relationships among them. However, the results of multi-scale conceptual abstraction schema may differ, according to which cognition, abstraction and application views are utilized, which presents an obvious obstacle to the reuse and sharing of spatial data. To facilitate the design of unified, common and objective abstract schema views for multi-scale spatial databases, this paper proposes an ontology-based analysis method for the multi-scale modeling of geographical features. It includes a three-layer ontology model, which serves as the framework for common multi-scale abstraction schema; an explanation of formulary abstractions accompanied by definitions of entities and their relationships at the same scale, as well as different scales,which are meant to provide strong feasibility, expansibility and speciality functions; and a case in point involving multi-scale representations of road features, to verify the method's feasibility.

关键词： multi-scale representation, ontology-based analysis, multi-scale data modeling, hierarchical ontology.

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Quantitative exploration of the mechanisms behind the urban thermal environment in Beijing

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第12期19卷 1757-1763页

作者： Dan Meng,Xiaojuan Li~*,Wenji Zhao,Huili Gong key laboratory of 3. {2. {3. and {3.,Ministry of Education,key laboratory of Resource,Environment and GIS in Beijing,College of Resources Environment and Tourism,capital normal university,Beijing 100048,china key laboratory of 3. {2. {3. and {3. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and GIS in Beijing College of Resources Environment and Tourism Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China

The driving mechanism behind the formation of urban thermal environments is the result of a combination of *** was chosen as the study area,and the technique of principal component analysis(PCA) was used.A spatial regression method was also applied for quantitative explanation of the thermal *** Landsat thematic mapper images were used to quantify potential causing *** the eigenvalues of each factor and its relationship with land surface temperature,the first three principal components(PCs) are regarded as the main causative factors explaining the mechanism as independent *** first three PCs mainly reflect urban construction,road density and the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),*** least squares,spatial lag and spatial error regression models were established separately for the relationships between the first three PCs and land surface temperature(LST).In the two spatial regression models,z-statistics for both the spatial lag parameter(ρ) and spatial residual parameter(λ) are significant,indicating the necessity of using spatial regression to replace the OLS regression model,as well as indicating that the spatial error regression model is superior to the spatial lag regression ***,the normalized difference built-up index(NDBI) and road density are the most significant positive contributions to LST.

关键词： Urban thermal environment Drive mechanism Spatial regression Beijing

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A technique on automatic land-use database reconstruction based on scanning land-use map

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2006年第Z2期49卷 57-63页

作者： LI Xiaojuan, GONG Huili, YIN Lianwang, SUN Yonghua, YANG Lingli & WANG Yanggang key laboratory of 3. {2. {3. and {3., Ministry of Education, capital normal university, Beijing 10003., china key laboratory of Resource Environment and GIS of Beijing, capital normal university, Beijing 10003., china capital normal Univ Minist Educ Key Lab D Informat Acquisit & Applicat 3 Beijing 100037 Peoples R China capital normal Univ Key Lab Resource Environm Beijing 100037 Peoples R China capital normal Univ GIS Beijing Beijing 100037 Peoples R China

Although a land-cover database is very important to national land use including urban planning and land-use management, it is very laborious and time-consuming to build through digitization of paper land-use maps (1:10000) and data input by hand. Here we propose a new, high-level, automatic technique to build a land-use database, which has proved useful and practical in building a land-use database of Baotou City.

关键词： land-use map vectonzation automatic building of land-use database.

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Web GIS design and realization for groundwater resources in the Yellow River basin

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2004年第Z1期47卷 106-117页

作者： GAO Jianguo1,2. GONG Huili1,2. ZHAO Wenji1,2. ZHANG Xiaosong1 & YAN Ning2.1. Resource, Environment and GIS key laboratory of Beijing, {2. normal {3., Beijing 10003., china 2. 3.Dimension information Extraction and application key laboratory of Education Ministry, Beijing 10003., china Correspondence should be addressed to Gong Huili Web GIS design and realization for groundwa- ter resources in the Yellow River basin GAO Jianguo1,2. GONG Huili1,2. ZHAO Wenji1,2. ZHANG Xiaosong1 & YAN Ning2.1. Resource, Environment and GIS key laboratory of Beijing, {2. normal {3., Beijing 10003., china 2. 3.Dimension information Extraction and application key laboratory of Education Ministry, Beijing 10003., china Resource Environment and GIS Key Laboratory of Beijing Capital Normal University Beijing China 3.Dimension information Extraction and application {2. {3. of Education Ministry Beijing China

This article brings forward a design and realization scheme of Web GIS in the Yellow River basin for the management of groundwater resources. The main goals are to manage and share data of massive-scale, to support the research of groundwater resources in the Yellow River basin. In this paper we point out the necessity and feasibility of building the distributed Web GIS for geographical research objects on a large scale. We put forward some solutions for the construction of this kind of system including a holistic deployment strategy in the Internet, a scheme of distributed data storage and management, a design of application structure based on three tires architecture by each province and how they collaborate with each other. It also illuminates how the application server works, and sets forth the relations among databases which work together in this system.

关键词： the Yellow River basin, groundwater, Web GIS.

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Research on the Earth system multi-body force system dynamical model

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2006年第Z2期49卷 11-22页

作者： CHEN Xiaofei, BI Siwen, WU Fei & DONG Qianlin State key laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing {2.s of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing {3. {3., Beijing 100101, china laboratory of 3. information Access and {2. of capital {3. {3., Beijing 10003., china Chinese Acad Sci Inst Remote Sensing Applicat State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Beijing normal Univ Beijing 100101 Peoples R China capital normal Univ Lab D Informat Access & Applicat 3 Beijing 100037 Peoples R China

This paper presents an overview of the binding force and freedom force of Earth system, and describes force moment to point and line and force system in the Earth system. It introduces the force theory of the Earth system multi-body force system from special or equivalent force system of Earth system mechanics, general force and no-power force of Earth system. Finally it describes the force and moment of nodes of Earth system and provides basic model for the research of the Earth system multi-body dynamics.

关键词： Earth system, multi-body system force, dynamics, basic models.

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Integral ear elimination and virtual point-based updating algorithms for constrained Delaunay TIN

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2008年第S1期51卷 135-144页

作者： WU LiXin1,2.WANG YanBing2.3.& SHI WenZhong2.4 1 Institute for Geo-informatics & Digital Mine Research,Northeastern {3.,Shenyang 110004,china 2.Institute for GIS/RS/GPS & Subsidence Engineering Research,china {3. of Mining & Technology,Beijing 100085,china 3.laboratory of 3. information acquisition & application,{13. normal {3.,Beijing 10003.,china 4 Center for Advanced GIS Research,LSGI,Polytechnic {3. Hong Kong,Hong Kong,china Institute for Geo-informatics & Digital Mine Research Northeastern University Shenyang China Institute for GIS/RS/GPS & Subsidence Engineering Research China University of Mining & Technology Beijing China laboratory of 3. information {2. & {3. Capital Normal University Beijing China Center for Advanced GIS Research LSGI Polytechnic University Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Constrained Delaunay Triangular Irregular Networks (CD-TIN),a kind of special data structure,have many practical applications in Geoinformatics,especially in the representation of linear constrained triangulation for DTM and DSM,such as in digital city and digital mine. Past researches on D-TIN mainly focused on point in-sertion and deletion without consideration of constraint,and that on CD-TIN usu-ally paid more attention to the insertion algorithms for points and edges,but little to the deletion algorithms. The presented algorithms are far insufficient for the dy-namic updating of CD-TIN. In this paper,the constraint edge in CD-TIN is consid-ered to be any set of broken lines,i.e.,polygon edges,broken lines and simple segments. The constraint edge may be composed of one or more constraint seg-ments,and it is allowed to be in any form: Open or close,intersection or self-in-tersection. By improving to present insertion and deletion algorithms for D-TIN,two new algorithms for CD-TIN updating are presented. According to the polymorphism of the constraints in CD-TIN,virtual point is adopted to represent the crossing node between constraint edges when a constraint edge is inserted in CD-TIN. Two new algorithms named as Integral Ear Elimination (IEE) and Influence Domain Retrian-gulation for Virtual Point (IDRVP) are presented,the former is for constraint point deletion,while the later is for the insertion and deletion of constraint edge. The principle of IDRVP is that to divide the influence domain of a virtual point into some parts by the constraint-keeping edges,and to retriangulate each part of the influ-ence domain individually referring to the constraint visible property and constraint empty circle (CEC) criterion. Finally,a prototype system is developed with VC++,one case on the integration of 3. terrain and buildings is demonstrated to test the correctness of new algorithms. It shows that the new algorithms are effective for the updating of CD-TIN.

关键词： Delaunay TIN spatial constraint data updating spatial modeling polymorphism digital mine

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Study on movement inertia in the Earth multi-body system

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2006年第Z2期49卷 70-79页

作者： CHEN Xiaofei, BI Siwen & GONG Huili key laboratory of 3. {2. {3. and {3., Ministry of Education, capital normal university, Beijing 10003., china National key laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing {3.s (IRSA), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, china capital normal Univ Minist Educ Key Lab D Informat Acquisit & Applicat Beijing 100037 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Remote Sensing Applicat Natl Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing 100101 Peoples R China

This paper summarizes the first movement and mass centre of stratum-block movement inertia in the Earth multi-body system and introduces its application. It also elaborates the moment of inertia and the products of inertia: the inertia dyadic transformation of reference system and the parallel axis theorem of stratum-block movement inertia of the Earth multi-body system. It provides an academic foundation for research on the dynamic model of Earth multi-body system.

关键词： Earth multi-body system, stratum block, movement inertia.

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