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Some problems on the studies of the late Pleistocene human evolution and formation of modern human populations

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第12期16卷 1233-1241页

作者： LIU Wu(institute of vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,{2., beijing 100044, China) [a]institute of vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

For the past two decades, studies and debates on the modern human origins around the world have attracted attentions to the late Pleistocene human evolution and formation of modern human populations, and some controversial hypotheses and problems have been proposed. In the present paper, some problems on the late Pleistocene human evolution, and the formation and differentiations of modern human populations in China are studied with a brief description and comments on the research advances in this field.

关键词： late Pleistocene human evolution formation and differentiation of modern human population paleoanthropology.

A new iguanodontid (Jin-zhousaurus yangi *** ***.) from the Yixian Formation of western Liaoning,China

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chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第19期46卷 1669-1672页

作者： WANG Xiaolin & XU Xing1. institute of vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,{2., beijing 100044, China 2. College of Earth sciences and Resources, China University of Geo-sciences, beijing 100083, China institute of vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China College of Earth sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing China

A new iguanodontid, Jinzhousaurus yangi gen. et sp. nov., is erected based on the cranial and dental morphology of a specimen from the Yixian Formation of western Liaoning. Although a few primitive characteristics remain, Jinzhousaurus yangi display a number of characteristics similar to those seen in derived iguanodontids. Other interesting characteristics include the absence of antorbital fenestra and the frontal excluded from the participation in orbit, which are closer to the condition in hadrosaurids. The unusual combination of the characteristics provides important data for assessing morphological evolution toward hadrosaurs. The new discovery also represents the first reported large-sized dinosaur from Jehol fauna in western Liaoning, and increases the diversity of this famous fauna. Furthermore, the discovery of a derived iguanodontid from the Yixian Formation provides further evidence supporting a Cretaceous age of the Jehol fauna, which is consistent with an isotopic age.

关键词： Western Liaoning Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation Jehol Biota Iguanodontid

Periodicity of Retzius lines in fossil Pongo from South China

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chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第7期57卷 790-794页

作者： HU Rong1,2.3, ZHAO LingXia1,2.& WU XinZhi2.1 Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Systematics of vertebrates, institute of vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, China 2.Laboratory of Human Evolution, institute of vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, China 3 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, China Laboratory of Human Evolution Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China

Periodicity of Retzius lines is a key factor in dental development. In this study, we examined the periodicity of Retzius lines in fossil Pongo from South China using polarized light microscope observation of dental ground sections. The periodicities all of the 15 teeth were 9 d. Comparisons of periodicity were made with extant primates, fossil apes and hominins. Periodicity of fossil Pongo from South China was relatively long but fell within the variation of extant Pongo, Gorilla and modern human, and longer than periodicity of Pan and other extant primates. Fossil Pongo from South China was similar to Lufengpithecus and Sivapithecus, shorter than Gigantopithecus and longer than European and African fossil apes and most early hominins in periodicity. Generally, the periodicities of Asian large-body fossil apes were longer than the periodicities of European and African large-body fossil apes in Miocene. Difference among species and trend of evolution in periodicity were analyzed and discussed. We found that periodicity might gradually increase from Proconsul in early Miocene to several fossil apes in Miocene and then Gigantopithecus in Pleistocene. In addition, this study made correlate analysis between periodicity and body mass respectively in males and females of six extant apes and five fossil apes, and found that periodicity positively correlated with body mass.

关键词：周期性变化中国南方大猩猩化石灵长类动物早中新世类人猿显微镜观察

A Possible Long-tailed Bird with a Pygostyle from the Late Mesozoic Yixian Formation, Western Liaoning, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2005年第1期79卷 7-10页

作者： L Junchang1 and HOU Lianhai2.1 institute of Geology, chinese {2. of Geological sciences, beijing 100037 2.institute of vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044 Department of Biology, Capital Normal University, beijing 100037 chinese Acad Geol Sci Inst Geol Beijing 100037 Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol Beijing 100044 Peoples R China Capital Normal Univ Dept Biol Beijing 100037 Peoples R China

An incomplete caudal vertebral series (IVPP V11309) from the Yixian Formation of late Mesozoic, Jianshangou area of Beipiao, western Liaoning Province, may represent a new bird. The tail is composed of at least 12.free caudal vertebrae and the most distal 5 caudal vertebrae co-ossified into a pygostyle. The pygostyle is plate-like and slightly curved dorsally. The anterior free caudals are amphiplatyan. The anterior caudal surfaces of the last three free caudals are concave, but their posterior articular surfaces are convex. The pygostyle is regarded as the first appeared flight apparatus during the evolutionary process from Archaeopteryx to neornithes. The pygostyle appeared in most early fossil birds and almost all the modern birds. Although their morphologies are different, they are basically formed by at least four last caudal vertebrae. The specimen V11309 is regarded as a bird rather than a non-avian theropod dinosaur based on the following characters: short caudal vertebrae, numerous pits present on the surfaces of the centra and, a foramen present between the basal part of the fused neural spines, which is similar to that of Struthio camelus. The discoveries of pygostyles from the therizinosauroids and oviraptorosaurs may provide strong evidence for supporting the origin of birds from small theropod dinosaurs. The structure of the pygostyle in specimen V11309 is different from those of Beipiaosaurus (Therizinosauroid) and Nomingia (oviraptorosaur). The most parsimonious interpretation is that these pygostyle-like structures are independently acquired by Beipiaosaurus and Nomingia during their evolutionary process.

关键词： western Liaoning Yixian Formation late Mesozoic pygostyle

A zooarchaeological study of bone assemblages from the Ma'anshan Paleolithic site

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Science China Earth sciences 2010年第3期53卷 395-402页

作者： ZHANG Yue1,2.3, WANG ChunXue1,2. ZHANG ShuangQuan1,2.& GAO Xing1,2.1 institute of vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,{2., beijing 100044 2.Joint Laboratory of Human Evolution and Archaeometry,{2., beijing 100044 3 State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing 2.0008 1. institute of vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China2. Joint Laboratory of Human Evolution and Archaeometry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China3. State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing 210008 China

Ten thousands of bone fragments were recovered from the Ma’anshan Paleolithic site, of which 4358 pieces can be identified to skeletal elements or species. In this research, the bone assemblages are quantified based on elements of MNI, MNE, and MAU. Then bone surface modifications and skeletal element profiles of the bone assemblages are studied to understand shlepping behaviors and reveal the technique of disarticulating and defleshing the animals’ bodies, etc. Based on the analyses of bone assemblages and the comparative study with the ethnoarchaeological as well as experimental data, it is assumed that later hominids at the site made fuller use of the game animals than the earlier hominids. Incorporating the lines of evidence from chronological dating, paleoenvironment, and polished bone tools between the two cultural layers, here we propose three hypotheses suggesting that the changes of environment, the migrations of the hominids from the North, or the demographic pulses may cause such a behavioral difference. However, it is yet to be determined which hypothesis can better explain the changes.

关键词： Ma’anshan site zooarchaeology Paleolithic hominid behavior

DISCOVERY OF A NEW ENANTIORNITHINE BIRD FROM THE EARLY CRETACEOUS OF LIAONING, CHINA

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1995年第2期 108-113页

作者： Zhou Zhonghe (institute of vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,{2., beijing 100044)

In September 1990, I collected three bird specimens from the Early Cretaceous of Liaoning, China. Among them, the best one (V9769) has been published and named Cathayornis yandica (Zhou et al., 1992.; the second (V9941), with only a sterflum impression, has not been referred to any known taxa yet; and the third (V9770), an incomp1etely articulated individual, is significantly different from either Cathayornis and Chaoyangia (Hou et Zhang, 1993) from the same site or any other known Early Cretaceous birds.

关键词： Liaoning Early Cretaceous Enantiornithes habits

HISTORY OF NEOGENE MICROMAMMAL FAUNAL REGIONS OF CHINA

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1996年第4期 291-296页

作者： QIU Zhuding(institute of vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,{2. beijing 100044)

Distribuion of extat land vertebrates indicates that two distinct zoogeographicprovinees ekist in Chin& the Oriental Region in the sollth and the Palaearctic Regionin the north. For a long time, chna was considered part of a widespread "HtoParionprovinee" of late Miocene and Pliocene age, and distinct differentiation of faunalregions was considered to have conuneneed at the begiedng of Pleistocene time (Pei,1957; Zhou, 2.64; Zhang, 1979).

关键词： China Neogene Micromammal faunal region

Sauropterygian from Triassic of Guizhou,China

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chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第14期44卷 1312-1316页

作者： LIU Juninstitute of vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,{2. , beijing 100044, China institute of vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

A new sauropterygian, Anshunsaurus huangguoshuensis, is described on the basis of a well-preserved skull from the Late Triassic Wayao Member of Falang Formation, Guizhou Province, southwestern China. It is ascribed to Eusauropterygia because it possesses the following characters: the rostrum is mainly composed by the premaxillae; the nasals are small,paired and separated from one another by the premaxillae; the external nares are close to the orbits; and the frontals are fused. Anshunsaurus differs from other Triassic sauropterygians in its large size, long rostrum and the supratemporal fenestrae slightly smaller than orbits. It is further considered to be closely related to Pistosaurus on the basis of the nasals contact with the prefrontals; large pineal foramen, lain in the anterior part of the parietal table; the squamosals not in contact posterior to the supratemporal fenestra. The discovery of Anshunsaurus with the ichthyosaurs in the same locality indicates a new assemblage of Triassic marine

关键词： Guizhou Province Late Triassic Sauropterygia.

First Record of Protorosaurid Reptile (Order Protorosauria) from the Middle Triassic of China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2003年第4期77卷 419-423页

作者： LI Chuninstitute of vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,{2., beijing 100044 institute of vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044

A new genus and species of the family Tanystropheidae, Dinocephalosaurus orientalis gen. et sp. nov., is described based on a nearly complete skull. This is the first record of the order Protorosauria from China. It also represents the only known occurrence of Tanystropheidae outside Europe, the Middle East and North America. Dinocephalosaurus is quite similar to Tanystropheus from Monte San Giorgio, Switzerland. Primarily it is distinguished from Tanystropheus in the shape of the premaxilla, maxilla, jugal and parietal. Although the family Tanystropheidae is now referred to the order Protorosauria, the new material from China indicates that the archosauromorph affinities of tanystropheids need further investigation. The discovery of Dinocephalosaurus provides new clues for the study of the evolution and radiation of Protorosauria and Tanystropheidae. It is also important for the study of the eastern Tethyan Fauna and the paleobiogeographical relationship between Europe and southern China in the Triassic.

关键词： Protorosauria Tanystropheidae Middle Triassic Guizhou China