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Relationships between bacterial-algal proliferating and mass extinction in the Late Devonian Frasnian-Famennian transition:Enlightening from carbon isotopes and molecular fossils

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1656-1665页

作者： GONG Yiming1,2. XU Ran1, TANG Zhongdao1, SI Yuanlan3.& LI Baohua4.1. Faculty of Earth Science and State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 4.0074. China 2. institute of resources & environments, {2. {4. University, jiaozuo 4.4.03. China 3. Department of Computer Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 4.0074. China 4. Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 2.0092. China Faculty of Earth Science and State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan China institute of resources & {2. {3. {4. University jiaozuo China Department of Computer Science South-Central University for Nationalities Wuhan China Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai China

Studies show positive shifts of inorganic and organic carbon isotope values (δ 13.carb and δ 13.kerogen) from +0.4. (‰ V-PDB) to +3.54.(‰ V-PDB) and from ?2..3. (‰ V-PDB) to ?2..14.(‰ V-PDB), respectively, B* (Ba* = Ba/ (Al2.3.X 15%)) values from 0.015 to 0.14., TOC values from 0.02. to 0.2.%, V/Cr values from 0.3.to 2.0, Sr/Ba values from 3.2. to 4..50 in the Late Devonian Frasnian Upper rhenana zone to the top linguiformis zone of the Yangdi sec-tion deposited in carbonate slope facies of Guilin, Guangxi, South China, which indicates that biomass, productivity, organic carbon burial and salinity increase and that oxygenation near the boundary between sediments and waters decreases from the Late Devonian Frasnian Upper rhenana zone to the top linguiformis zone. Abundance of molecular fossils increases and normal alkanes, isoprenoid hydrocarbon, terpanes and steranes are dominated from the Late Devonian Frasnian to the bottom of Famennian, which shows that the predecessors of molecular fossils of the Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) transition are dominated by marine phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthic bacteria with no photosynthesis. Therefore, it is considered that the F-F transitional mass extinction with a multistage, selection and global synchronizing was caused by bacte-rial-algal proliferating, continuing deterioration of the shallow marine ecoenvironment of the mid-dle-lower latitudes. A simple cause and effect chain can be expressed as: appearance of seed plants and multi-storied forests → enhanced chemical and biochemical weathering and pe-dogenesis → wide development of soils → increasing riverine nutrient fluxes in epicontinental sea → from superoligotrophic to eutrophic in epicontinental sea → proliferating of marine phyto-plankton and zooplankton → frequent red tide and anoxia → mass extinction of shallow marine organisms in the middle-lower latitudes. It is worth notice that the factor drawdown of atmos-pheric Pco2. climatic cooling and sea level falling c

关键词： mass extinction, bacteria-algae, carbon isotopes, molecular fossils, biodiversity, Late Devonian, Guangxi, South China.

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Construction and application of formal ontology for mine

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2011年第S3期21卷 577-582页

作者： CHENG Gang 1, 2. ZHANG Yin-ling1, 2. WANG Fei 1 ,2. ZHANG Zhen-hui 3. GUO Yu-xiang1, 2.1. Key Laboratory of Mine Spatial Information Technologies of State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping, {4. polytechnic University, {2. 4.4.03. China 2. School of Surveying and land Information Engineering, {4. polytechnic University, {2. 4.4.03. China 3. Qingdao Branch of Naval Aeronautical Engineering {13., Qingdao 2.604., China henan Polytech Univ Key Lab Mine Spatial Informat Technol State Bur Surveying & Mapping Jiaozuo 454003 Peoples R China henan Polytech Univ Sch Surveying & Land Informat Engn Jiaozuo 454003 Peoples R China Naval Aeronaut Engn Inst Qingdao Branch Qingdao 266041 Peoples R China

Digital mine is the only way for the development of mining industry in China. Due to lack of appropriate standards and norms, and different awareness in the field of digital mine among academia and industry insiders, the meaning for digital mine is still unclear. Starting from the nature of mining and removing of views of specialized fields, this paper constructs formal ontology for digital mine and proposes the four levels for it. The ontology clarifies the concept world for digital mine, defines the meaning of concepts and relations clearly, provides a reference for the standard construction for digital mine and provides a unified semantic framework for the integration of heterogeneous mine data. Meanwhile, it can provide formal reasoning knowledge for expert system of digital mine and improve the intelligence and automation while the machine automatically interpreting and processing mine spatial data.

关键词： Digital mine formalization ontology concept world semantic share

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Calcite Cements in Burrows and Their Influence on Reservoir Property of the Donghe Sandstone, Tarim Basin, China

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Journal of Earth Science 2012年第2期23卷 129-141页

作者：齐永安王敏郑伟李妲 institute of resources and Environment Henan Polytechnic University Key Laboratory of Biogenic Traces and Sedimentary Minerals of henan Province Henan Polytechnic University

Abundant burrows of Skolithos linearis, Palaeophycus tubularis, and Taenidium barretti are preserved in the Upper Devonian Donghe sandstone of Tarim basin, China. They are commonly highlighted in core by the color of the burrow fill in contrast to the surrounding matrix and have dif-ferent textures and fabrics from the matrix. There are three kinds of calcite cements in burrows, microcrystalline-crystalline calcite cement, mosaic calcite cement, and ferroan calcite cement. Microcrystalline-crystalline calcite cement is widely distributed in the lower part of the Donghe sand-stone, but it is rare in burrows filling. It displays a globule structure under burial cementation and sel-dom replaces the quartz grains in shallow burial depth stage. Mosaiccalcite cement is widespread in the Donghe sansdtone reservoir of North Tarim basin. It shows chrysoidine, orange and bright orange lu-minescence, and intensely replaces the quartz grains, forming in early diagenetic and shallow burial depth stage. Ferroan calcite is asymmetrically distributed in the Donghe sandstone reservoir of Central Tarim basin. It fills the remanent pores in the shape of mosaic and replaces the quartz grains, matrix, and early calcite cement, forming in late diagenetic and deep burial depth stage. The burrows filled with white calcite cements have low oil saturation or may be oil-stained. In contrast, there is high oil saturation in the sandstone reservoir where the bioturbation is sparse or not present. With increased bioturbation, the porosity, permeability, and oil saturation decrease; thus, bioturbation intensity and reservoir property appear to be negatively correlated.

关键词： burrow calcite cement Donghe sandstone reservoir property.

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Rational formulation of modern geoid concept

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2011年第S3期21卷 675-680页

作者： GUO Zeng-zhang, XIAO Jian-hua Geodesy institute, henan {2. University, {3. 4.4.00, China Geodesy institute Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo 454000 China

Based on modern geometrical field theory, a rational interpretation of modern geodesic surface concept was formulated. The general equations for geodesic surface were given. The height concept and arc length concept were formulated strictly. Their intrinsic benefits and shortages of parameter-center reference and mass-center reference systems were studied in details. The research results show that the geodesic concept depends on the available technology. The technology-dependence feature of geodesy concept was expressed by related mathematic formulations. For the satellite-based observation system, the rationality of China-2.00 Geoid Reference System was explained. Discussions about how to establish regional precision reference system were made based on general equations of arc length and space distance equations. A new correction item should be taken into consideration for arc length gauge calculation.

关键词： geodesic surface parameter-center system mass-center system geodesy deformation geoid

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Endolithic fungi:A possible killer for the mass extinction of Cretaceous dinosaurs

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第6期51卷 801-807页

作者： GONG YiMing1,2. XU Ran1 & HU Bi2.1 Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan {3.007{3. China 2.{{3. of resources and Environment Key Laboratory of Biogenic Traces & Sedimentary Minerals of henan Province, henan polytechnic University, jiaozuo 4.4.03. China 1. Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology of Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China 2. institute of resources and Environment Key Laboratory of Biogenic Traces & Sedimentary Minerals of henan Province Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo 454003 China

Mycelium-like structures found under ESEM within radial sections of fragmental dinosaur eggshells would be the endolithic fungi coexistent with dinosaur eggs in the upper part of the Late Cretaceous Hugang Formation from the Wenjiaping section of Wenxian, Danjiangkou, northwestern Hubei, Central China. The endolithic fungi selectively occurred in the bad biomineral zone within the columnar layer of the eggshells, where the crowded endolithic fungi penetrated the columnar layer at near-vertical or near-horizontal angles. The endolithic fungi are needle-like, ribbon-like and silk-like, and 5–18 μm long, 0.3.0.5 μm wide at their base, with pointed tip, and are unbranched. The hyphae are mainly composed of oxygen, carbon and calcium, and are with minor sodium, potassium, chlorine and sulfur. The endolithic fungi and host have the same characters in lithification, fracture and main chemical composition. We suggested that the episode endolithic fungi invading dinosaur eggs may have taken place in the interval between after formation of dinosaur eggshells and before their petrification and that dinosaur eggs invaded by endolithic fungi would not be normally incubated or would only be incubated into venerable and pathologic baby dinosaurs to be easily to aborted and contributed to the mass extinction of the dinosaurs at the end of Cretaceous.

关键词： endolithic fungi dinosaur eggs mass extinction Cretaceous

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LOD score exclusion analyses for candidate disease susceptibility genes using case-parents design

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第1期16卷 30-38页

作者： DENG Hongwen1,2.3.and GAO Guimin2.4.(1.Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 4.0081, China 2.Osteoporosis Research Center, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha NE 6813., USA 3. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha NE 6813., USA 4. Virginia Bioin format ics institute and Department of Statistics, Virginia {4. institute and State University, Blacksburg VA 2.061-03.5, USA) [a]Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics College of Life Sciences Human National University Changsha China [b]Osteoporosis Research Center Creighton University Medical Center Omaha NE USA [c]Department of Biomedical Sciences Creighton University Omaha NE USA [d]Virginia Bioinformatics institute and Department of Statistics Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA

The focus of almost all the association studies of candidate genes is to test for their importance. We recently developed a LOD score approach that can be used to test against the importance of candidate genes for complex diseases and quantitative traits in random samples. As a complementary method to regular association analyses, our LOD score approach is powerful but still affected by the population admixture, though it is more conservative. To control the confounding effect of population heterogeneity, we develop here a LOD score exclusion analysis using case-parents design, the basic design of the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) approach that is immune to population admixture. In the analysis, specific genetic effects and inheritance models at candidate genes can be analyzed and if a LOD score is ≤ - 2. 0, the locus can be excluded from having an effect larger than that specified. Simulations show that this approach has reasonable power to exclude a candidate gene having small genetic effects if it is not a disease susceptibility locus (DSL) with sample size often employed in TDT studies. Similar to association analyses with the TDT in nuclear families, our exclusion analyses are generally not affected by population admixture. The exclusion analyses may be implemented to rule out candidate genes with no or minor genetic effects as supplemental analyses for the TDT. The utility of the approach is illustrated with an application to test the importance of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene underlying the differential risk to osteoporosis.

关键词： association studies candidate genes case-parents design disease susceptibility locus exclusion mapping LOD score.

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The impact of vegetation restoration on erosion-induced sediment yield in the middle Yellow River and management prospect

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第6期48卷 724-741页

作者： CHEN Hao1, ZHOU Jinxing2. CAI Qiangguo1, YUE Zhongqi3. LU Zhongchen4. LIANG Guanglin1& HUANG Jianguo5 1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural {3. Re-search, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 2. institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100091, China 3. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 4. Eco-environmental Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China 5. College of {3. and Environment, Southwest Agricultural University, Chongqing 4.0716, China Correspondence should be addressed to Chen Hao 1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China 2. institute of Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences 100091 Beijing China 3. Department of Civil Engineering University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China 4. Eco-environmental Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences 100085 Beijing China 5. College of resources and Environment Southwest Agricultural University 400716 Chongqing China

According to the characteristics of water and erosion environments of different natural zones on the Loess Plateau, this paper studies changes of vegetation types, distribution boundaries of forest and grass as well as restoration capacity of vegetation in different natural zones in the middle Yellow River. The annual precipitation of 53. mm is the critical annual pre-cipitation for forest and grass distribution in the middle Yellow River. Among the zonal and azonal environmental factors affecting watershed sediment yield, the intermediate diameter D50 (mm) of suspended load and forest coverage (V, %) play the leading role. Of them the effect weight of forest coverage (V, %) on catchments sediment yield is only 3.4. less than the role of the intermediate diameter (D50, mm), they are almost the same. To effectively control soil erosion in semiarid, especially in hilly-gullied areas and make sediment transport modulus reduce to less than 6000 t/km2. it is rather difficult by merely relying on natural restoration of forest. In the process of cultivated land conversion into forest land and grassland, measures suiting local conditions should be adopted in tree species selection and artificial afforestation (grass planting) based on management with biological measures for slopeland and engineering measures for hilly-gullied areas, so that watershed forest coverage in key counties can reach at least over 3.%.Compared with the standard period of precipitation prior to the 1960s, with the decrease of an-nual precipitation at various periods, plant productivities decline to different degrees under natural conditions. The main reason accountable for the low survival rate of new seedlings and grass over years is due to precipitation decrease. In light with regression models of annual pre-cipitation and natural vegetation productivities, it is possible to obtain estimated values of wa-tershed natural vegetation productivity and eco-water consumption needed for the restoration to

关键词： vegetation restoration, eco-water requirement, watershed sediment yield, the middle Yellow River.

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The initial and final state of SNe Ia from the single degenerate model

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2010年第9期53卷 1732-1738页

作者： MENG XiangCun1,YANG WuMing1 & LI ZhongMu2.3.1School of Physics and Chemistry,henan polytechnic University,{2. 4.4.00,China 2.3. for Astronomy and History of Science and Technology,Dali University,Dali 671003.China 3.ational Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100012.China 1. School of Physics and Chemistry Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo 454000 China2. Institute for Astronomy and History of Science and Technology Dali University Dali 671003 China3. National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China

Although type Ia supernovae(SNe Ia) show their importance in many astrophysical fields,the nature of the progenitors of SNe Ia is still *** present,the single degenerate(SD) model is presented to be a very likely progenitor *** the comprehensive SD model developed by Meng & Yang(2.10),we show the initial and final state of the progenitor systems of SNe Ia in an orbital period—the secondary mass(log Pi,M2.) *** results may explain the location of some supersoft X-ray sources and recurrent novae in the(log Pi,M2.) plane,and be helpful to judge whether an SD system is the potential progenitor system of SNe Ia,as well as to simulate the interaction between SN ejecta and its companion.

关键词： binaries:close stars:evolution supernovae:general white dwarfs

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Thermodynamic Analysis of the Preparation Process of EB-PVD SiC Coating

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2009年第3期24卷 363-366页

作者：易剑 School of Mechatronics Engineering Taizhou University Laser Processing Center Tianjin Polytechnic University Center for Composite Materials Harbin Institute of Technology

The process of preparing SiC coating by electron beam-physical vapor deposition （EB-PVD） was discussed from viewpoint of thermodynamis. Results show that within the temperature range of 2.700-3.3.0 K, the ratio of SiC in the SiC coating doesn＇t change much and keeps around 0.7. Purity of the as-deposited SiC coating is not high. To improve the purity of the SiC coating, the SiC ingot is required to not be, necessary in full density but be fine-grained.

关键词： thermodynamics SiC coating EB-PVD ratio of SiC purity

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Effective solutions to a global 3. visual system in networking environments

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 2032-2039页

作者： ZHANG Liqiang1,2. ZHANG Yan3. YANG Chongjun2. LIU Suhong1, REN Yingchao2. RUI Xiaoping2.& LIU Donglin2.1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Sciences, School of Geography and Remote Sensing, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Sciences, institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101001, China 3. institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural {2. Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101001, China 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Sciences School of Geography and Remote Sensing Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China 2. Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing SciencesInstitute of Remote Sensing Applications 101001 Beijing China 3. institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 101001 Beijing China

The development of Web-based global 3. visual system has made progresses. However, there exist few mature and effective ways for managing, transmitting and visualizing massive spatial data. Based on the related work, the paper illustrates the ellipsoidal quadtree technique for rapid access multi-scale and multiple level geographical data, integrates the streaming with level-of-detail rendering method for transmitting the data on the network, and im-plements large-scale terrain surface simplification using M-band wavelet transforms and mul-tiresolution triangulations. We fulfil a web-based global terrain visual system using COM com-ponents on the basis of the above techniques. The system has a good prospect in the military simulation and city plans.

关键词： massive spatial data, streaming transmission, system architecture, M-band wavelet

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