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On Disaster Economy Study

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Natural Disaster Reduction in China 2000年第3期 2-7页

作者： ZHENG Lin (chengdu institute of {2. hazards and environment, chinese academy of sciences & Ministry of Water Conservancy, chengdu 610041)

This paper presents an analysis of the meaning, characteristics, classification and key areas of disaster economy study.

关键词： disaster economy characteristics classification content

Toxic Plant Resources in Panxi Area

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural sciences 2007年第4期12卷 762-768页

作者： XU Yun SU Chunjiang ZHENG Yuanchang institute of mountain {2. and environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China

Panxi Area is abundant in plant resources, among which toxic plants are of great value in terms of exploitation. This paper is an initiative study （via field as well as literature investigation） of the categories, distributions, and reserves of toxic plant resources in Panxi Area. The study reveals that there are 51 families （2.0 species） of toxic plants evenly distributed in Panxi Area, of which more than 40 species grow in all counties in the area, and more than 14 species total a reserve more than 1.0×10^5 kg. These toxic plants are of great applications to medicine, gardening, biopesticide industry, environmental engineering, and oil manufacturing. Rhododendron molle, Anisodus acutangulus, Arisaema erubesocens, Stellera chamaejasme, Rhytolacca acinosa, Rheum officinale, and Azadiralta indica etc are the typical toxic plants with great value of exploitation in Panxi Area.

关键词： toxic plant resources exploitation categories distributions reserves Panxi Area

A New Process Study on Comprehensive Utilization of NOx from Nitric Acid Plant

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural sciences 2003年第S2期 1001-1006页

作者： Zhou Hou-zhen, Liang Hua institute of mountain {2. and environment, chinese academy of sciences, chengdu 610041, sichuan, China Southwest institute of Technical Physics, chengdu 610041, sichuan, China

Based on studies of controlling NOx from nitric acid exhaust gas domestic and abroad, this paper has developed a new technique on removal of NOx and production of aby-product with high added value-MnO2. Experimentshows, pyrolusite, whose valid composition is MnO2., of absorbing NOx has the following characteristics: quick, low cost, no secondary pollutant. Moreover, exhaust gas can attain the required standards. If the temperature of the pyrolusite serum is 30℃ , pH = 4, containing 90 g/L MnO2. the absorptivity for 3 000 mg/m3 NOx is 89. 2.. Furthermore, few of the impurities in pyrolusite dissolve in the absorption mother solution. The purification cost of product is very low. The purity of end product MnO2.is more than 99. 995% after purifying. Therefore, it is workable for the new technique on economy and technology. There are also obvious environmental benefits and marked economic returns.

关键词： NOx nitric acid exhaust gas comprehensive utilization pyrolusite MnO2

Change in Sediment Load of the Yangtze River after Wenchuan Earthquake

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Journal of mountain Science 2010年第1期7卷 100-104页

作者： CHENG Genwei HE Xiubin CHEN Guirong TAO Heping Key Laboratory of mountain environment Evolvement and Regulation. {2. of mountain hazards & environment CAS Chengdu 610041 China Siehuan Hydrology &Water Resource Survey Bureau Chengdu 610041 China

On May 12. 2.08, an earthquake of 8.0 magnitude on the Richter scale and its numerous aftershocks devastatingly hit Wenchuan County and its nearby region along the Longman mountains in sichuan Province, China. The heavy ruined area was up to 30,000km2.and 13% of its land surface was denuded by the extremely terrible quakes. The mountain collapses, landslides and debris flows induced by the earthquake not only scared the landscape at the immense scale, but also poured L66-billion-m3 sediment combined with offscourings and rubble into the Yangtze River and its breaches. This amount of sediments is 3 times more than the normal amount discharged into the Yangtze River, and will significantly increase sediment transportation of rivers and decrease storage capacities of reservoirs downstream. The dramatic increase in sediment load will imperil the engineering safety and impact the operation of the giant Three-Gorge Hydro-power Station if no proper prevention measures are taken.

关键词： Wenchuan earthquake sediment load the Yangtze River

S & T PROJECTS FOR ECO-environment CONSTRUCTION OF THE SOUTHWEST REGION

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Natural Disaster Reduction in China 2002年第2期 30-35页

作者： Chai Zongxin (chengdu institute of {2. hazards and environment, chinese academy of sciences & Ministry of Water Resources, chengdu 610041, China)

Temperature variations recovered from tree-rings in the middle Qilian mountain over the last millennium

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Science China Earth sciences 2005年第4期48卷 521-529页

作者： LIU Xiaohong1,2. QIN Dahe1, SHAO Xuemei , CHEN Tuo1 & REN Jiawen12.1. Cold and Arid Regions environmental and Engineering Research institute,{2., Lanzhou 730000, China 2. institute of Geographical sciences and Natural Resources Research,{2., Beijing 100101, China 1. Cold and Arid Regions environmental and Engineering Research institute Chinese Academy of Sciences 730000 Lanzhou China 2. institute of Geographical sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China

Based on the cross-dated tree-ring samples collected from the middle Qilian Moun- tain, a standard ring-width chronology had been developed, which covered the period AD 1000 to 2.00. The correlations between the chronology and climatic records from the nearby meteorological stations indicated that temperature was the dominant climatic factor for tree growth at upper timberline, and the most important climatic factor for the tree growth in the area was the mean temperature from previous December to current April. The temperature variations recovered from the ring-width data showed a cold period during the “Little Ice Age” and the con- tinuous warming during the twentieth century. Comparison between the ring-width chronology and δ18O records from the Dunde ice core in the Qilian mountain indicated that there was a con- sistent trend in both time series. A significant correlation existed between our ring-width chro- nology and the Northern Hemispheric temperature, suggesting that the climate changes in the Qilian mountain were not only driven by regional factors, but also responsive to the global cli- mate.

关键词： middle Qilian mountain, tree-ring width chronology, temperature variations.

Debris-flow of Zelongnong Ravine in Tibet

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Journal of mountain Science 2011年第4期8卷 535-543页

作者： ZHANG Jinshan SHEN Xingju Key Laboratory of mountain hazards and Earth Surface Processes Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment CASChengdu 61oo41 China College of Tourism and History & Culture Southwest University for Nationalities chengdu 61 oo41 China Graduate University CAS Beijing 10o049 China

Zelongnong Ravine,a branch ravine of Brahmaputra,is an old large glacier debris-flow ***-flows with medium and/or small scales occur almost every year;multiple super debris-flows have also broken out in history,and have caused destructive disaster to local residents at the mouth of ravine and blocked *** huge altitude difference and the steep slope of the Zelongnong Ravine provide predominant energy conditions for the *** drainage basin is located in the fast uplifted area,where the complicated geologic structure,the cracked rock,and the frequent earthquake make the rocks experience strong weathering,thus plenty of granular materials are available for the formation of *** this region is located in the rain shadow area,the precipitation is concentrated and most is with high ***,the strong glacier activity provides water source for *** to literature reviews,most debris-flows in the ravine are induced by rainstorms,and their scales are relatively ***,when the melted water is overlaid,the large scale debris-flows may *** calculation such as the flow velocity and the runoff is conducted according to the monitoring *** result shows that large debris-flows can be aroused when the rainstorm and the melted water are combined well,but the possibility of blocking off Brahmaputra is *** occurrence of the super debris-flows is closely related to the intense glacier activity(e.g.,glaciersurge).They often result in destructive disasters and are hard to be prevented and cured by engineering measures,due to the oversized *** hazard mitigation measures such as monitoring and prediction are proposed.

关键词： Tibet The Brahmaputra The Mt Namjagbarwa Zelongnong Ravine Debris-flow

On the knee of Galactic cosmic rays in light of sub-TeV spectral hardenings

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chinese Physics C 2018年第7期42卷 113-122页

作者： Yi-Qing Guo1 2.Qiang Yuan1 3 1. Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple mountain Observatory chinese {2. of sciences Nanjing 2.0008 China 2. Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics institute of High Energy Physics Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of China

More than fifty years after the discovery of the knee in the cosmic ray （CR） spectra, its physical origin remains a mystery. This is partly due to the ambiguity of the energy spectra of individual components. Recently, direct measurements from several space experiments found significant spectral hardenings of CR nuclei at ~2.0 GV. A joint modeling of the direct and indirect measurements may help to understand the experimental systematics and the physics of the knee. In this work, we update the phenomenological ＂poly-gonato＂ model to include the spectral hardenings, with a changing spectral index of γ ＋ β·logE. This modification gives a reasonable description of the CR spectra in a wide energy range. However, the fits to different data sets give different results. We find that the fit to the AMS-02.and CREAM data slightly favors a relatively low energy knee of the light components. In such a case, the expected all-particle spectra under-shoot the data, which may require an extra component of CRs. The fits to AMS-02.data and the light component （H＋He） data from the Tibet ASγ/ARGO-YBJ/WFCTA and KASCADE experiments give consistent results with the all-particle spectra. We further propose a possible physical realization of such a ＂modified poly-gonato＂ model of spectral hardenings by means of spatially-dependent diffusion of CRs. We find reasonably good agreement between the model predictions and the data for CR spectra, the secondary-to-primary ratios, and the amplitude of anisotropies.

关键词： cosmic ray knee spectrum propagation

STRATEGIES AND POLICIES ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE WESTERN AREA OF CHINA

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Natural Disaster Reduction in China 2002年第1期 9-14页

作者： Zhong Xianghao (chengdu institute of {2. hazards and environment, chinese academy of sciences & Ministry of Water Resoures, PRC, chengdu 610041, China)