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Soil Evolution Features of Debris Flow Waste-Shoal Land

Journal of mountain Science 2009年第2期6卷 181-188页

作者： CUI Peng GE Yonggang ZHUANG Jianqi WANG Daojie Key Laboratory of mountain hazards and Land Surface Processes Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China institute of mountain {2. and environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

The reclamation and utilization of debris flow waste-shoal land plays an important role in the mitigation and control of debris flow hazards, which thus contributes a lot to the exploitation of insufficient land resources in mountainous areas and the reduction of losses caused by debris flow. The aim of this paper is to discuss the features and mechanism of soil evolution of debris flow waste-shoal land so as to search for the available modes of its reclamation and utilization. The Jiangjiagou Ravine, a typical debris flow ravine, was selected to study soil evolution features of debris flow waste-shoal land based on the analysis of soil physicochemical properties and soil microstructure. It was found that the soil evolution rates of debris flow waste-shoal land varied with different modes of reclamation. For the land which had been reclaimed for less than 10 years, soil evolved most rapidly in paddy fields, and more rapidly in dry farmland than in naturally restored waste-shoal land. For the land which had been used for more than 10 years, the soil evolution rates of dry farmland, naturally restored waste-shoal land and paddy farmland decreased in the file. For the same utilization period of time, significant differences were recognized in soil evolution features under different modes of reclamation. Analysis data showed that soil clay content, soil thickness, the psephicity of skeleton particles and contents of microaggregates (2.mm) in paddy farmland were all highest. Soil nutrients and porosity of dry farmland were better than those of paddy farmland and naturally restored waste-shoal land, and those of paddy farmland were superior to those of naturally restored waste-shoal land. Paddy farmland characterized by rapid pedogenesis, stable evolution and high utilizability was the priority candidate for the reclamation and utilization of debris flow waste-shoal land.

关键词： Debris flow waste-shoal land Reclamation mode Utilization time Soil properties Soil microstructure

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Micromorphological Features of Paleo-Stagnic-Anthrosols at Archaeological Site of Sanxingdui,China

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Journal of mountain Science 2008年第4期5卷 358-366页

作者： HE Yurong HUANG Chengmin XU Xiangming WANG Yanqiang HE Xiubin institute of mountain {2. ＆ environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China Department of environmental Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China

The archaeological site of the Sanxingdui may date back as far as 5,000 years ago. The typical profiles of Palaeo-Stagnic-Anthrosols near the ancient site were selected, which aimed to identify diagnostic horizons employing methodology of soil taxonomic classification and to reveal the micromorphological properties of the paleosols. Under long-term anthropogenic mellowing, the discernible differentiation between anthrostagnic epipedon and its subhorizons as well as hydragric horizon and its subhorizons occurred in Paleo-Stagnie-Anthrosols at the archaeological site of the Sanxingdui. The mieromorphological properties diversified among each specific diagnostic subhorizon, e.g., the developed microstructure in cultivated subhorizon within anthrostagnic epipedon, closely arranged particles and considerable micropores beneficial to both of water conservation and filtration in plow subhorizon within anthrostagnic epipedon, and automorphic optical-orientation clays and calcareous corrosion in hydragric horizons. The findings above of micromorphological features related with diagnostic horizons are significant for soil taxonomic classification.

关键词： Paleo-Stagnic-Anthrosols diagnostichorizon soil micromorphology soil taxonomic classification archaeological site of Sanxingdui China

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Behavior of pre-stress group anchors——Theory approach and model

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Science China(Technological sciences) 2003年第z1期46卷 31-41页

作者： HE Siming, WANG Chenghua & QIAO Jianping institute of mountain {2. and environment, chinese academy of sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, chengdu 610041, China chinese Acad Sci Inst Mt Hazards & Environm Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Minist Water Resources Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China

First of all the pre-stress group anchor ropes are resolved into two sub-systems: the stable rock stand lateral resistance load and inner bonding section stand lateral resistance load and pre-stress load. Then, discretization of every sub-system was carried on and it is assumed that different micro-sections possess uniform distribution side resistance. On the basis of Mindlin stress solution, stress overlay principle, modified layered-summation method as well as the load transfer method, we study the anchor group effect and present a theory model which calculates the anchor group effect and establishes the relevant iterate standard.

关键词： anchor group effect, Mindlin's stress solution, discretization, iterative solution.

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Study on mechanism of fiber grouted material in pre-stressed anchor rope

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中国科学：技术科学英文版 2003年第z1期46卷 188-197页

作者： HE Siming, QIAO Jianping & WANG Chenghua institute of mountain {2. and environment, chinese academy of sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, chengdu 610041, China chinese Acad Sci Inst Mt Hazards & Environm Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Minist Water Resources Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China

The fiber grouted material can reinforce the tension strength, shear strength as well as the index of fracture ductile, and remarkably improve the endurance of pre-stressed anchor rope under long-time loading. As a result, it has the better application foreground. Based on the shear log model and Hashin-Shtrikman upper and lower limited theorem, we have studied the mechanism of fiber grouted material applied in pre-stressed anchor rope and material property, and analyzed the effect of resistance strength of bond, resistance distribution of anchor section and the loading-deformation relationship of anchor body.

关键词： fiber grouted, pre-stressed anchor rope, shear log model, Hashin-Shtrikman upper-lower limited theorem.

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Study on the Rainfall and Aftershock Threshold for Debris Flow of Post-earthquake

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Journal of mountain Science 2011年第5期8卷 750-756页

作者： HE Siming LI Dexin WU Yong LUO Yu Key laboratory of mountain hazards and Earth Surface Process Chinese Academy of Science Chengdu 610041 China institute of mountain {2. and environment Chinese Academy of Science Chengdu 610041 China

Due to the special condition of provenance and disaster environment after "5·12. Earthquake, the probability and conditions of the occurrence of gully debris flow change greatly after the event, which make it difficult to prevent disaster effectively. In this study the hydrological model of ground water table in loose sediment is established. According to infinite slope theory, the safety factor of deposits is defined as the ratio of resistance force to driving force. The starting condition of post-earthquake gully debris flow is clearly studied by analyzing the effects of rainfall intensity, seismic strength, slope gradient and mechanical properties on the balance of accumulation body. Then the formulas of rainfall and aftershock threshold for starting of gully debris flow are proposed, and an example is given to illustrate the effect of rainfall, aftershocks and their coupling action on a debris flow. The result shows the critical rainfall intensity decreases as the lateral seismic acceleration and channel gradient increases, while the critical intensity linearly increases as the friction angle increases.

关键词： Earthquake Hydrological model Debris flow Rainfall threshold

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Scattered Rural Settlements and Development of mountainous Regions in Western sichuan,China

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural sciences 2007年第4期12卷 737-742页

作者： GAO Yanjun CHEN Guojie SHEN Maoying Key Laboratory of mountain hazards and Surface Process Chinese Academy of Sciences/Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China sichuan academy of Social {2. Chengdu 610072 Sichuan China

Making rural settlements of mountainous Regions in Western sichuan as the study objects and using symbolic statistical methods, then combining the case study of Daofu County, the paper analyzes the negative impact of the scattered rural settlements on infrastructure construction, farmers＇ income increase and mountain ecological reconstruction in mountainous regions of western sichuan. The results indicate that economic density is positively related to both rural settlements density （R^2.0.73） and rural population density （R^2.0.77）, and it is the same for relationship between towns density and rural settlements density （R^2.0.88） and between towns density and economic density （R^2.0.71）, and the scattered distribution pattern of the rural settlements and shortage of economic centers is a major factor to the lagged socioeconomic development. On the eco-economic zoning to Daofu County, the paper indicates the spatial distribution model and the industrial development model of the rural settlements need to be changed, and rural population should be concentrated in larger rural settlements with development of off-farm industries while infrastructure construction is to reinforced.

关键词： mountainous regions in western sichuan rural settlement scattered distribution development

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Optimized design model for sediment-trapped dam by GIS techniques

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Science China(Technological sciences) 2003年第z1期46卷 175-187页

作者： LI Fabin, TU Jianjun & HU Kaiheng institute of mountain {2. and environment, chinese academy of sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, chengdu 610041, China chinese Acad Sci Inst Mt Hazards & Environm Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Minist Water Resources Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China

The sediment-trapped dam (STD) is one of the major engineering measures in preventing debris flow, while the design of such an STD has been proven as the most complicated systematic engineering. Supported by geographical information system (GIS)method and techniques, this paper presents an optimized STD design model which is built through calculating STD height and reservoir capacity, designing cross section,analyzing load capacity and structural stability. Guided by a principle of taking both the stability of STD as the constraint condition and the optimized design as a nonlinear programming, this model makes it possible for a precise calculation of the STD volume and its reservoir capacity, aiming at getting the minimum ratio between project investment and reservoir capacity. This model preliminarily achieves the optimized designing of important parameters of STD involving in STD volume (project investment), dam stability and reservoir capacity (sediments trapped by STD), and also provides a new solution attempting for the optimized design of project in preventing debris flow.

关键词： debris flow, sediment-trapped dam, geographical information system, optimized design, model.

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Characteristic Rainfall for Warning of Debris Flows

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Journal of mountain Science 2010年第3期7卷 207-214页

作者： HU Kaiheng Cui Peng Wang Chuanchang Li Yong Lu Xiaobing Key Laboratory of mountain hazards and Earth Surface Processes Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China institute of mountain {2. and environment Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Water Conservancy Chengdu 610041 China institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

A characteristic rainfall is introduced to overcome the difficulties encountered in determining a critical rainfall value for triggering debris *** characteristic value is defined as the rainfall at which debris-flow occurrence probability shows a rapid increase,and can be used as a warning rainfall threshold for debris *** of recorded debris flows and 2.-hour rainfall data at Jiangjia basin,Yunnan Province,in southwestern China,demonstrates the existence of such a characteristic *** was found that the characteristic rainfall corresponds to the daily rainfall of 90% cumulative probability by analyzing the basin's daily rainfall *** result provides a simple and useful method for estimating a debris-flow warning rainfall threshold from the daily rainfall *** was applied to estimate the debris-flow warning rainfall threshold for the Subaohe basin,a watershed in the 2.08 Wenchuan earthquake zone with many physical characteristics similar to those of the Jiangjia basin.

关键词： Debris flow Wenchuan earthquake warning rainfall threshold statistics of daily rainfalldistribution

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Monitoring on soil erosion and sediment delivery at a typical basin of the middle and lower reaches of the Jialing River by remote sensing

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中国科学：技术科学英文版 2003年第z1期46卷 148-155页

作者： FAN Jianrong, ZHONG Xianghao & LIU Shuzhen institute of mountain {2. and environment, chinese academy of sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, chengdu 610041, China chinese Acad Sci Inst Mt Hazards & Environm Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Minist Water Resources Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China

The monitoring work was performed on soil erosion in Lizixi drainage area respectively in 1986 and 1999 by multiple methods with the information extracted from the Landsat TM imagery and Spot imagery. The variation of erosion quantity in this area is calculated based on the monitoring result of the erosion intensity and area in these two years. The change of sediment delivery is also analyzed. The research result shows that compared to 1986, in 1999, the erosion area reduced, especially for the area of moderate intensity and above, and the intensity and quantity of erosion decreased. Compared to this period from 1965 to 1986, the sediment delivery ratio has been changed from 0.2. to 0.11 after 1986. The research result could help the decision-making for further water and soil conversation work in Lizixi drainage area, and it also offers reference for monitoring,evaluating and predicting soil erosion in other drainage areas.

关键词： drainage area, soil erosion, remote sensing, sediment delivery.

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Susceptibility Assessment of Landslides Caused by the Wenchuan Earthquake Using a Logistic Regression Model

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Journal of mountain Science 2010年第3期7卷 234-245页

作者： SU Fenghuan Key Laboratory of mountain hazards and Land Surface Processes Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China institute of mountain {2. and environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

The Wenchuan earthquake on May 12.2.08 caused numerous collapses,landslides,barrier lakes,and debris *** susceptibility mapping is important for evaluation of environmental capacity and also as a guide for post-earthquake *** this paper,a logistic regression model was developed within the framework of GIS to map landslide *** County,a heavily affected area,was selected for the *** of landslides was prepared by interpretation of multi-temporal and multi-resolution remote sensing images(ADS40 aerial imagery,SPOT5 imagery and TM imagery,etc.) and field *** Certainly Factor method was used to find the influencial factors,indicating that lithologic groups,distance from major faults,slope angle,profile curvature,and altitude are the dominant factors influencing *** weight of each factor was determined using a binomial logistic regression *** susceptibility mapping was based on spatial overlay analysis and divided into five *** faults have the most significant impact,and landslides will occur most likely in areas near the *** of the area has a high or very high susceptibility,located in the northeast,south and southwest,including 65.3% of all landslides coincident with the *** susceptibility map can reveal the likelihood of future failures,and it will be useful for planners during the rebuilding process and for future zoning issues.

关键词： Landslide susceptibility WenchuanEarthquake GIS logistic regression certainty factor

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