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Aoyitake plagiogranite in western Tarim Block, NW china: Age, geochemistry, petrogenesis and its tectonic implications

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第11期49卷 1121-1134页

作者： ZHANG Chuanlin1,2. YU Haifeng3, YE Haimin2. ZHAO Yu2.& ZHANG Dongsheng4.1. Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and Geochemistry, Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry, {4. Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 51064.,{2. 2. Nanjing institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Nanjing 2.0016,{2. 3. Tianjin institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Tianjin 300170,{2. 4. The 2.d Regional Geological Investigation Party, Xinjiang bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Changji 831100,{2. 1. Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China 2. Nanjing institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Nanjing 210016 China 3. Tianjin institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Tianjin 300170 China 4. The 2.d Regional Geological Investigation Party Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Changji 831100 China

SHRIMPP U-Pb zircon age and geochemical and Nd isotopic data are reported for the Aoyitake plagiogranite in western Tarim Block, NW china. The plagiogranite intruded the Middle Pro- terozoic and Lower Carboniferous with an exposure area of ca. 60 km2.and crystallized at 330.7±4.8 Ma. Rock types mainly include tonalite, trondhjemite and minor amounts of diorite and quartz-diorite. Feldspars in the rocks are dominated by oligoclase-andesine, and minor perthite observed locally. The granites are sodic with Na/K ratios (molar) between 4.and 87. Total REE (50-2.0 ppm) show a clear positive correlation with SiO2. There is no LRRE/HREE fractionation (LaN/YbN=0.5-1.5), me- dium negative Eu anomalies (δ Eu=0.3-0.6), high Y content and low Sr/Y ratio (~1.0). These granites exhibit relatively juvenile Nd T2.M model ages of 4.0 to 580 Ma and positive εNd(331 Ma) values of 6.2. to 7.65. The aforementioned characteristics are similar to those of ocean island or ocean ridge plagiogranites. However, the regional geology, especially its scale, precludes that the plagiogranite pluton was derived directly from fractionational crystallization of mantle-derived basaltic magma. We interpreted that the primary magma of the pluton might be tonalitic in composition generated by ca. 50% partial melting of the juvenile basaltic crust. The primary magma experienced intensive frac- tionational crystallization, and intruded into the middle to upper crusts to form the granite pluton. In combination with the previous regional geological data, it is concluded that the plagiogranite pluton was emplaced within the Tarim Block in respond to the Carboniferous continental rifting along the Tianshan orogenic belt.

关键词： western Tarim, Aoyitake plagiogranite, age, geochemistry, tectonic implications.

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Upper mantle P wave velocity structure of the northern part of china and Mongolia

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Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition) 1998年第6期11卷 24-33页

作者： JIAN PING WU RONG SHENG ZENG YUE HONG MING institute of geophysics,{2. seismological {4., Beijing 100081,{2. 1. institute of geophysics China Seismological Bureau 100081 Beijing China

The average upper mantle P wave velocity structure and lateral heterogeneity in the northern part of china and Mongolia are investigated by waveform inversion of broadband body waveform data recorded by CDSN and digital stations around china. The average model has a low P wave velocity lid (about 7.8～8.0 km·s -1 ) with thickness about 60 km, and two discontinuities with velocity jumps of 0.2. km·s -1 and 0.55 km·s -1 at depth of 4.0 km and 665 km respectively. In the Jungger basin, the P wave velocity of uppermost mantle is about 7.7 km·s -1 . The lid thickness (90～100 km) and velocity gradient (average gradient is greater than 0.005 5/s) are large. At the depth of 14. km the P wave velocity reaches to 8.2.km·s -1 . Near in Baikal, the lid is about 30 km thick with average P wave velocity of 8.00～8.05 km·s -1 .

关键词： upper mantle P wave velocity structure waveform inversion the northern part of china Mongolia

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Contemporary crustal movement of continental china obtained by global positioning system(GPS) measurements

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chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第18期46卷 1552-1554,1588页

作者： MA Zongjin, CHEN Xinlian, YE Shuhua, LAI Xian, WEI Ziqing, CHEN Junrong, NING Jinsheng, XU Huoze & DING Guoyu1. Insitute of Geology, china seismological bureau, Beijing 100029, china (e-mail: disgroup@***)2. Center for Analysis and Prediction, china seismological bureau, Beijing 100036, china 3. Shanghai Astronomic Observatory, chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, china 4. institute of Seismology, china seismological bureau, Wuhan 4.0077, china 5. institute of Survey and Mapping, Xi’an 710054. china 6. National bureau of Survey and Mapping, Beijing 100830, china 7. Wuhan University, Wuhan 4.0077, china 8. institute of Geodesy and geophysics, Wuhan 4.0077, china 9. china seismological bureau, Beijing 100036, china Insitute of Geology China Seismological Bureau Beijing China Center for Analysis and Prediction China Seismological Bureau Beijing China Shanghai Astronomic Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China institute of Seismology China Seismological Bureau Wuhan China institute of Survey and Mapping Xi’an China National bureau of Survey and Mapping Beijing China Wuhan University Wuhan China institute of Geodesy and geophysics Wuhan China china seismological {2. Beijing China

We obtain a unified horizontal velocity field of continental china and vicinity through measurements at 81 GPS stations provided by the National Key Infrastructure Project, Crustal Movement Observation Network of china. The velocity field delineates patterns of movements and deformation of active crustal blocks in continental china under the Eurasia-fixed reference frame. The space-based geodesy also clearly shows for the first time the horizontal movementand deformation of continental china induced by indentation of the Indian plate. The data provide kinematic constraints for simulating dynamic process of continental litho-spheric deformation.

关键词： crustal movement velocity field tectonic deformation.

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Joint exploration of crustal structure in Fuzhou basin and its vicinities by deep seismic reflection and high-resolution refraction as well as wide-angle reflection/refraction

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第7期48卷 925-938页

作者： ZHU Jinfang1, XU Xiwei2. ZHANG Xiankang3, HUANG Zonglin1, CHEN Xiangxiong1, FANG Shengming3, LIU Baojin3, ZHENG Rongzhang2.4.1. seismological bureau of Fujian Province,Fuzhou 350003,{2. 2. institute of Geology,{2. Earthquake Administration,Beijing 10002.,{2. 3. Research Center for Exploration geophysics,{2. Earthquake Administration,Zhengzhou 4.0002.{2. 4. State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics,institute of Geology,{2. Earthquake Administration,Beijing 10002.,{2. seismological bureau of Fujian Province Fuzhou 350003 China institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100029 China Research Center for Exploration geophysics China Earthquake Administration Zhengzhou 450002 China State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100029 China

The Fuzhou basin and its vicinities are located at the northern end of the southeastern coastal seismic zone of the mainland of china. By the joint explorations of high-resolution seismic refraction and wide-angle reflection/refraction as well as deep seismic reflection in the region, which is the first synthetic profile in china, its fine velocity structure and geometric structure from the ground to Moho discontinuity is obtained. The result shows that the crust is obviously layered with a thickness of about 32.km. Basically, it consists of two parts: upper crust and lower crust. The velocity of the upper crust is 5.9-6.2.km/s in which there is a 3-4.km-thick weak low-velocity layer between the depths of 10-15 km, while the velocity of the lower crust in the range of 6.3-7.2.km/s. There exists a strong velocity gradient layer about 3 km thick above the Moho discontinuity whose velocity increases from 6.5 to 7.2. km/s. There exist high-angle normal faults that are small in size and extend only in the shallow crust. These faults are the secondary developed on the hanging wall of westward dipping low-angle normal faults. Thus, their seismogenic ability is limited, however, there exists a high-angle deep fault in the crust from Changle-Zaoan fault zone to seashore fault zone. This deep fault has cut the interface between the upper and lower crusts and Moho discontinuity, and may be the deep structure to trigger destructive earthquake source in future to affect Fuzhou City. These results have advanced the detecting precision of the deep structure in the southeastern coastal seismic zone of the mainland of china. In the aspect of the combined feature of the deep and shallow extensional structures that consist of the westward dipping low-angle normal faults and secondary normal faults on their hanging walls in the upper crust, it is firstly obtained that a united structural interpretation has deepened the knowledge about the deep dynamic process in the southeastern coasta

关键词： deep seismic reflection high-resolution seismic refraction wide-angle.

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S-wave velocity and Poisson's ratio structure of crust in Yunnan and its implication

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第2期48卷 210-218页

作者： HU Jiafu, SU Youjin, ZHU Xiongguan & CHEN Yun Geophysical Department of Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, china seismological {2. of Yunnan Province, Kunming 65004., china {4. of Geology and geophysics, chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, china 1. Geophysical Department of Yunnan University 650091 Kunming China 2. seismological bureau of Yunnan Province 650041 Kunming China 3. institute of Geology and geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China

Receiver function of body wave under the 2. stations in Yunnan was extracted from 3-component broadband digital recording of teleseismic event. Thus, the S-wave velocity structure and distribution characteristics of Poisson's ratio in crust of Yunnan are obtained by inversion. The results show that the crustal thickness is gradually thinned from north to south. The crustal thickness in Zhongdian of northwest reaches as many as 62.0 km and the one in Jinghong of further south end is only 30.2.km. What should be especially noted is that there exists a Moho upheaval running in NS in the Chuxiong region and a Moho concave is generally parallel to it in Dongchuan. In addition, there exists an obvious transversal inhomogeneity for the S-wave velocity structure in upper mantle and crust in the Yunnan region. The low velocity layer exists not only in 10.0-15.0 km in upper crust in some regions, but also in 30.0-4..0 km in lower crust. Generally, the Poisson's ratio is on the high side, however it has a better corresponding relation to the crustal velocity structure. An obvious block distribution feature is still shown on such a high background of Poisson's ratio. It is discovered by synthetically analyzing the velocity structure and Poisson's ratio distribution that there are high Poisson's ratio and complicated crust-mantle velocity structure feature in the Sichuan-Yunnan Diamond Block with Xiaojiang fault to be the east boundary and Yulong Snow Mountain fault to be the west boundary besides the frequent seismicity. This feature differs obviously from that of surrounding areas, which would provide geophysical evidence to deeply study the eastwardly flowage of lithospheric substances in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

关键词： Yunnan, S-wave velocity, Poisson's ratio, Sichuan-Yunnan Diamond Block.

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Re-Os age for molybdenite from the Gangdese porphyry copper belt on Tibetan plateau: Implication for geody- namic setting and duration of the Cu mineralization

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第3期47卷 221-231页

作者： HOU Zengqian1, QU Xiaoming1, WANG Shuxian2. DU Andao2. GAO Yongfeng3 & HUANG Wei4.1. institute of Mineral Resources, chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037,{2. 2. National Center of Geoanalysis, chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037,{2. 3. Shijiazhuang College of Economy, Shijiazhuang 056000,{2. 4. Xizang bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Lhasa 850000,{2. chinese Acad Geol Sci Inst Mineral Resources Beijing 100037 Peoples R China chinese Acad Geol Sci Natl Ctr Geoanal Beijing 100037 Peoples R China Shijiazhuang Coll Econ Shijiazhuang 056000 Peoples R China Xizang Bur Geol & Mineral Resources Lhasa 850000 Peoples R China

The Gangdese porphyry copper belt consists of one large and five middle-small deposits in addition to dozens of ore-bearing porphyry bodies. The belt trends 350 km long along the EW-striking Gangdese batholith, and locally occurs as a string of beads extending about 50 km within the SN-trending rifting zones (grabens) on the Tibetan plateau. Monzonitic granite- porphyry and quartz monzonitic porphyry, as dominant host rocks, are shoshonitic and potassic calc-alkaline. Available dating data indicate that the ages of the shallow-level emplacement for these porphyries vary from 10 Ma to 18 Ma, which are identical to that of associated potassic calc-alkaline volcanic rocks (10—15 Ma) and mafic dykes (13—18 Ma). The timing and duration of Cu mineralization events are constrained by Re-Os ages for molybdenites from three porphyry copper deposits in the Gangdese porphyry copper belt. Five molybdenite samples from the Nanmu deposit yielded an 187Re-187Os isochron with a highly pre-cise age of (14.76?.2.) Ma; six molybdenites from the Chongjiang deposit gave an isochron age of (14.04..16) Ma. Re-Os model ages for two molybdenite samples from Lakang抏 deposit vary from 13.5 Ma to 13.6 Ma, which are basically identical to isochron ages mentioned above. All the thirteen samples from these three deposits yielded a linear array in the isochron diagram with a higher correlation coefficient of 0.99719 and an isochron age of (14.39?.2.) Ma (1s error), suggesting an coeval event of the Cu mineralization and a shared source of ore materials for the Gangdese porphyry copper belt. Compared with the longer-lived felsic magmatic-hydrothermal system, the Cu mineralization is a relatively short event with duration of about 0.5 Ma, and usu-ally occurs in the later-stage of the complicate magmatic system. The emplacement age of the Gangdese porphyries indicates that they intruded after the rapid rising of the Gangdese Mountains at 2.—2. Ma, and formed in a post-collision crustal ex-tension env

关键词： porphyry copper deposit, Re-Os age, Gangdese, Tibetan plateau.

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The history of crustal uplift and metamorphic evolution of Panzhihua-Xichang micro-palaeoland, SW china:Constraints on Sm-Nd, ^(4.)Ar/^(39)Ar and FT ages of granulites

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第8期47卷 689-703页

作者： XU Shijin1, LIU Wenzhong1, WANG Rucheng1, YU Hangbo1, LI Daming2. WAN Jinglin2.& FANG Zhong1 1. Department of Earth Sciences and State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, Nanjing University, Nanjing 2.0093, china 2. institute of Geology, china seismological bureau, Beijing 10002., china 1. Department of Earth Sciences and State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research Nanjing University 210093 Nanjing China 2. institute of Geology China Seismological Bureau 100029 Beijing China

Panzhihua-Xichang (Panxi) micro-palaeoland is the oldest terrane on the western margin of the Yangtze Block. Some intermediate-basic granulites are considered to be the crys-talline basement of lower crust in the terrane. Granulite-facies metamorphism of the granulites was developed in the period from 1186 Ma to 112. Ma. The origin of granulites was related to the collision orogenic process occurring when the micro-palaeolands merged to form the Rodinia Supercontinent. Amphibolite-facies retrogressive metamorphism of granulites took place in the period from 877 Ma to 82. Ma. This period was consistent with the breakup time of the Rodinia Supercontinent. 4.Ar/39Ar ages and fission track (FT) ages of granulites in the Panxi mi-cro-palaeoland show that the vertical movement history of crustal rocks was a slow uplift process of the rigid terrane in the time from Neoproterozoic to Mesozoic. The subduction of India Plate towards Euroasia Plate resulted in the rapid uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Block in Cenozoic. Meanwhile, the Qinghai-Tibetan Block moved towards east. Consequently the Panxi terrane was uplifted rapidly. As a result of the collision orogeny between the Qinghai-Tibetan Block and the Panxi terrane, the granulite-facies crystalline basement in this region was exhumed and exposed to the surface.

关键词： granulite,isotope geochronology,crustal uplift movement,Panzhihua-Xichang region,western margin of Yangtze Block.

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Elastic wave propagation in inhomogeneous anisotropic media

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Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition) 1998年第6期11卷 3-15页

作者： XIU CHENG WEI 1) MIN YU DONG 1) YUN YAI CHEN 2. 1) Geoscience Department, University of Petroleum, Beijing 102.00, china 2. institute of geophysics, china seismological bureau, Beijing 100081, china 1. Geoscience Department University of Petroleum 102200 Beijing China 2. institute of geophysics China Seismological Bureau 100081 Beijing China

Plane wave decomposition is a convenient and effective method in the study of wave field. Various complex wave fields can be obtained by using plane wave composition. In this paper, the method of plane wave is used to study elastic wave propagation in inhomogeneous and anisotropic media. The f k transformation is applied to time space domain wave equation in inhomogeneous anisotropic media. As a result, the frequency wave number domain wave equation (Christoffel equation) can be obtained. Using the relation between elastic parameters or its spatial derivatives and Christoffel matrix elements, a method for solving the Christoffel matrix in inhomogeneous anisotropic media is formulated and applied to inhomogeneous TIV as well as inhomogeneous EDA media. The results obtained show that directional derivative of wave amplitude in continuum is negative, so amplitude is reduced, when propagating direction directs to velocity increasing direction; and directional derivative of wave amplitude is positive that means amplitude enhanced when propagating direction directs to velocity decreasing direction. Thus, wave amplitude depends on propagation direction (even in isotropic medium), but does not always attenuate. The conclusion that in continuum wave amplitude attenuates does not apply to all propagation direction.

关键词： inhomogeneous anisotropy continuum Christoffel equation

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The Crustal Structure and Seismic Activity in North china

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1989年第4期63卷 343-359,448-449页

作者： Feng Rui institute of geophysics, State {2. bureau, Beijing Huang Guifang, Zheng Shuzhen, Wang Jun, Yan Huifen Geophysical Prospecting Party, State {2. bureau, Zhengzhou, Henan and Zhang Ruoshui {2. Technique College, State {2. bureau, Yanjiao,Hebei institute of geophysics State Seismological Bureau Beijing China

A layered crustal block model of North china has been constructed based on large amount of data from seismic sounding carried out in recent two decades. Some deep fault zones, such as the *** and Tancheng-Lujiang fault zones, divide the upper crust of North china into three upper crustal terranes and nine bolcks. There are distinct differences in velocity and depth distributions, which reflects Cenozoic block faulting in North china in the process of formation of the deep structure. The upper crust shows the features of transition in isostatic adjustment. The existence of a low-velocity layer in the middle crust is characteristic of the crustal structure in North china. There seems to be an increase of rheology of the rocks in the lower crust and a persistence of stable regional stress field. The patterns of the Moho on two sides of the Yanshan-Taihang Mountains are different. The relief of the Moho around Beijing, Shijiazhuang and Guangrao where the deep faults join together shows a quadrantal distribution in some degree. The dynamic sources for seismic activity are the NE-SW horizontal compression and the diapirism of the upper mantle. The middle and upper crust, especially the layered block structure has the most significant effects on seismicity, and the occurrence of earthquakes is more closely related to them than to the Moho.

关键词： The Crustal Structure and Seismic Activity in North china Activity

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Lithosphere types in North china:Evidence from geology and geophysics

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 1809-1827页

作者： QIU Ruizhao1,2. DENG Jinfu3, ZHOU Su3, LI Jinfa4. XIAO Qinghui1,5, WU Zongxu6 & LIU Cui3 1. institute of Geology, chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037,{2. 2. Development and Research Center,{2. Geological Survey, Beijing 100037,{2. 3.{2. University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083,{2. 4.{2. University of Geosciences, Wuhan 4.0074.{2. 5. Information Center of Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100812.{2. 6. institute of Geology, State {14. {12., Beijing 10002.,{2. 1. institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 100037 Beijing China 2. Development and Research Center China Geological Survey 100037 Beijing China 3. china University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China 4. china University of Geosciences 430074 Wuhan China 5. Information Center of Ministry of Land and Resources 100812 Beijing China 6. institute of Geology State Seismological Bureau 100029 Beijing China

On the basis of the characteristics of geology and geophysics in North china, three types of lithosphere, namely, the cratonic, the orogenic and the rift lithospheres can be classified. In terms of petrological method (based on the information from Precambrian rock assemblages, igneous activities, deep-seated enclaves, etc.) and the relationship between seismic velocity and rock compositions, the crust-mantle petrological and chemical structure models can be set up. Researching results indicate that the geology and geophysics of North china platform bears the similar characteristics in comparison with those of the global typical cratons. The Eerduosi(Ordos) block located in the west of the North china Platform is a remnant of cratonic lithosphere after the North china platform had undergone “activation” in Mesozoic and “reconstruction” in Cenozoic times. The continental crust consists mainly of TTG rock assemblage while the subcontinental lithosphere mantle mainly consists of strongly depleted harzburgite. The craton was finally formed in late Archaean and early Proterozoic, and has been kept in stability up to present; its crustal-mantle petrological structures of lithosphere can be set up as a reference for the study of North china craton and even Sino-Korean craton. In the Mesozoic period, the middle and east areas of North china platform were activated in the Yanshanian orogenic process, the continental crust was reformed by material and heat-transfer of convective mantle and the original crustal TTG component was reconstructed to be granitic crust, and the subcontinental lithosphere man- tle was replaced by the Yanshanian harzburgite-lherzolite. The Yanshan-Taihang Mountains were the remnants of orogenic lithosphere after the rifting in eastern North china in Cenozoic. The present thickness of continental crust and lithosphere in the Yanshan-Taihang Mountains is not equal to their thickness during the Yanshanian orogenic movement because they had undergone the

关键词： lithospheric types,evidence of geology and geophysics,crust-mantle petrological structure,deep process

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