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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第2期15卷 54-61页

作者： XIA Junhong 1,2. ZHENG Jinsong 1,2. XU Limei 1,2.and WANG Ding1*(1. {3. of Hydrobiology, chinese {2. of Sciences, Wuhan 43.072. China 2. Graduate School of the chinese {2. of Sciences, beijing 10003., China) institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China. Graduate School of the chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

Reproductive behaviors are poorly known for the Yangtze finless porpoise Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis. In this study, the parentage of an isolated Yangtze finless porpoise population inhabiting the Yangtze Tian-e-Zhou Baiji National Natural Reserve is determined by analysis of microsatellite loci and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region sequences, and the porpoise's reproductive behaviors are studied. Overall 4 full parentage assignments and additional 3.single parentage assignments were determined for the population of 2. individuals. The analysis shows that their estimated reproductive cycle is shorter than that reported previously and there probably exists an overlapping between gestation and lactation period. The study also shows that the female does not show fidelity to a particular male for breeding and vice versa, the oldest males did not monopolize mating and the dominance rank could not be so strict for the porpoise society. Moreover, the porpoise's mating pattern and relatedness among candidate parents are discussed here. These results provide important information for making guidelines of management and conservation for this protected population.

关键词： Yangtze finless porpoise isolated population reproductive behavior parentage

Holocene grassland vegetation, climate and human impact in central eastern Inner Mongolia

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第7期48卷 1025-1039页

作者： HUANG Fei1, Kealhofer Lisa2. XIONG Shangfa3.& HUANG Fengbao1 1. Nanjing institute of Geology and Paleontology,chinese {2. of Sciences,Nanjing 2.0008,China 2. Anthropology and Sociology Department,Santa Clara University,CA 95053.USA 3. institute of Geology and Geophysics,chinese {2. of Sciences,beijing 10002.,China Nanjing institute of Geology and Paleontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Anthropology and Sociology Department Santa Clara University CA 95053 United States institute of Geology and Geoohysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijina 100029 China

Phytolith and pollen preserved in the Taipusi Banner paleosol profile, central eastern Inner Mongolia, provide evidence of Holocene grassland vegetation, climate and human impact. The combined phytolith and pollen records reveal a major change in vegetation composition about 5000 a BP. Before 5000 a BP, the vegetation was dominated by Aneurolepidium chinese-Stipa grandis grassland of C4 grasses. After 5000 a BP, C4 grasses rapidly retreated, indicating a shift to colder and more arid conditions. The gradual invasion of Stipa krylovii, Ag-ropyron desertorum, Ephedra, Chenopodiaceae and Caragana reveal the onset of grassland degeneration. Between 10000 and 872. a BP, the Aneurolepidium chinese-Stipa grandis grassland included a small proportion of Artemisia shrub and Echionopos type plants, implying a strong winter monsoon and very weak summer monsoon. From 872. to 7000 a BP, C4 grasses were common, indicating a strengthening of the summer monsoon. Between 7000 and 5000 a BP, the Holocene thermal maximum was evident, with a significant expansion of C4 grasses and the presence of some trees (such as Pinus and Betula, and so on) in or near the study site. From 42.0?000 a BP, a sandy grassland of Artemisia and Agropyron desertorum together with Aster-type taxa occurred. Precipitation amelioration took place between 3.00 and 2.70 a BP, with a rapid development of Echinops type plants and a small expansion of C4 grasses. From 2.70 a BP to present, human activities accelerated the process of grassland degeneration.

关键词： phytolith and pollen records grassland environment change human impact Holocene central eastern Inner Mongolia.

Mineralogy and crystal structure determination of Mg-fillowite

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第5期48卷 635-646页

作者： MA Zhesheng 1 , SHI Nicheng 1 & YE Danian 2.1. China University of Geosciences, beijing 100083. China 2. {3. of Geology, {2. academy of Sciences, beijing 10002., China 1. China University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China 2. institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Sciences 100029 Beijing China

Accurate crystal structure determination of complex phosphate Mg-fillowite ? Na2.a(Mn4Mg2.e)7[PO4]6 has been finished. Mg-fillowite occurs in muscovite-pegmatite in the Altay area, Xinjiang, China. It is of the trigonal lattice, with space group R-3. unit cell a=1.5143.3. nm, c=4.3.91(2. nm, V=8.573. nm3. Z = 18. The R-factor of the determination accuracy is R (I > 2. ( I )) = 0.0776. The cationic polyhedra consist of two kinds of structural units: compound col- umn and screw column. In three-dimensional space, they are linked with each other through corner sharing or edge sharing to build the entire structure. There are 45 atoms in an asymmetric unit and 72. atoms in a unit cell. In terms of types and connection manners of the coordination polyhedra, the degree of complicity is rarely seen in all mineral crystal structures. Study of such a structure is significant for the classification of phosphate and the building rule of coordination polyhedra in a complex crystal structure.

关键词： Mg-fillowite, complex phosphate, crystal structure, coordination polyhedron.

Population information extraction in Chaohu watershed based on RS and GIS

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chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第2期48卷 181-183页

作者： LIU Jianjun1,2.& LI Chunlai3.1. institute of Geochemistry, chinese {2. of Sciences, Guiyang 550002. China 2. Graduate School, chinese {2. of Sciences, beijing 10003., China 3. National Astronomical Observatories, chinese {2. of Sciences, beijing 100012. China Correspondence should be addressed to Liu Jianjun (e-mail: dhsliujj@ ***) institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang China Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

It is always difficult to extract population in-formation of small watershed during the region environment assessment. The report adopted compound areal interpola-tion to study the population in Chaohu watershed with the GIS technique and landuse interpretation data from remote sensing. The result indicated that the method is effective to extract population information of small watershed.

关键词：巢湖流域人口分布信息提取 RS GIS 小流域生态环境评价

Geographical Agglomeration of chinese Manufacturing Industries

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中国人口·资源与环境：英文版 2007年第2期5卷 3-11页

作者： Zhang Hua 1, 2. Zheng Wei3.1. institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, chinese {2. of Sciences, beijing 100101, China 2. Graduate School of the chinese {2. of Sciences, beijing 10003., China 3. School of Geography, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875, China institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate School of the chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China School of Geography Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Based on the plant level data from the First National Census of Basic Units, the Second National Census of Basic Units, and the First National Economic Census of China, this paper ex- amines the geographical agglomeration of chinese manufacturing industries at a more disaggregated level both by industrial classi-fication and spatial unit analysis. Applying the agglomeration index proposed by Maurel and Sedillot, studies show that the most agglomerated industries are resource-intensive, and capital and technology intensive while industries demanding localized inputs or serving localized markets or favored by local governments are fairly dispersed. The more disaggregated industries are more spa- tially agglomerated. At the finer spatial scale, industries are more dispersed. Results indicate that within-county spillovers are stronger than nearby-county spillovers, and within-prefecture spillovers are stronger than nearby prefecture spillovers. Local- ized spillovers are still quite substantial at a range beyond that of counties. Comparing the agglomeration index of chinese manu- facturing industries in 1996, 2.01 and 2.04, agglomeration seems to be a general tendency. Results also indicate that some industries have experienced remarkable changes in their levels of agglom- eration in the period 1996–2.04.

关键词： industrial agglomeration manufacturing industries the MS index

Forcing mechanism of the Pleistocene east Asian monsoon variations in a phase perspective

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1708-1717页

作者： TIAN Jun1,2. WANG Pinxian1, CHENG Xinrong1, WANG Rujian1 & SUN Xiangjun1,3.1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 2.0092. China 2. institute of Geology and Geophysics, chinese {2. of Sciences, beijing 10002., China 3. institute of Botany, chinese {2. of Sciences, beijing 100093. China State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai China institute of Geology and Geophysics chinese {2. of Sciences {3. China institute of Botany chinese {2. of Sciences {3. China

The deep sea records from the ODP Sites 1143.and 1144 in the northern and southern South China Sea (SCS), including foraminiferal δ 18O and δ 13., Opal% and pollen percentage, reveal that the variations of the east Asian monsoon have been closely correlated with the variations of the Earth’s orbital parameters (eccentricity, obliquity and precession) and the global ice volume on orbital scale. All the monsoonal proxies show strong 100 ka, 41 ka and 2. ka cycles. Although G. ruber δ 13. of Site 1143.is coherent with the ETP (ETP= normalized (eccentricity + obliquity-precession) at eccentricity, obliquity and precession bands, most of the coherent relationship focuses on the precession band, and the other monsoonal proxies are coherent with the ETP only at the precession band, which indicate that precession dominates the Pleistocene tropical climate changes. The phase relationship of the monsoonal proxies with the foraminiferal δ 18O implies that the global ice volume changes have played a significant role in modulating the east Asian monsoon climate, at least dominating the winter monsoon. This forcing mechanism of the east Asian monsoon is apparently different from that of the Indian ocean mon-soon. The variations of the east Asian monsoon at the precession band, at least that of the winter monsoon, have been controlled not only by the sensible heating but also by the latent heating of the surface water in the South China Sea.

关键词： South China Sea, ODP, east Asian monsoon, orbital forcing, global ice volume.

Simulation study of phase retrieval for hard X-ray in-line phase contrast imaging

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2005年第4期48卷 450-458页

作者： YU Bin1,2. PENG Xiang1,2. TIAN Jindong1, NIU Hanben1, DIAO Luhong3.& LI Hua3.1. Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education, institute of Optoelec- tronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 3.0072.China 3. Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, institute of Computing Technology, {2. academy of Sciences, beijing 100080,China 1. Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education Institute of Optoelectronics Shenzhen University 518060 Shenzhen China 2. State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments Tianjin University 300072 Tianjin China 3. Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences 100080 Beijing China

Two algorithms for the phase retrieval of hard X-ray in-line phase contrast imaging are presented. One is referred to as Iterative Angular Spectrum Algorithm (IASA) and the other is a hybrid algorithm that combines IASA with TIE (transport of intensity equation). The calculations of the algorithms are based on free space propagation of the angular spectrum. The new approaches are demonstrated with numerical simulations. Comparisons with other phase retrieval algorithms are also performed. It is shown that the phase retrieval method combining the IASA and TIE is a promising technique for the application of hard X-ray phase contrast imaging.

关键词： X-ray optics, phase contrast imaging, phase retrieval, angular spectrum, hard X-ray.

Structural stability of infinite-layer CaCuO_2.under high pressure

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chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第12期48卷 1201-1203页

作者： QIN Xiaomei1,2. HONG Ming1,2. ZHANG Gongmu1,2. MAI Wenjie1,2. LI Fengying1,2. YU Richeng1,2. LIU Jing2.3.& JIN Changqing1,2.1. institute of Physics, chinese {2. of Sciences, beijing 100080, China 2. {13. High Pressure Research Center, beijing 100080, China 3. institute of High Energy Physics, chinese {2. of Sciences, {13. 10003., China Correspondence should be addressed to Jin Changqing (e-mail: cqjin@ ***) institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China beijing High Pressure Research Center Beijing 100080 China institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

In situ high-pressure energy dispersive X-ray diffraction measurements on polycrystalline powder Ca-CuO2.with an infinite layer structure (IL CaCuO2. have been performed by using diamond anvil cell (DAC) instrument with synchrotron radiation. The results suggest that the crystal structure of IL CaCuO2.is stable under pressure up to 3. GPa at room temperature. According to Birch-Murn- aghan equation of state, assuming pressure derivative 4,=0Bthe bulk modulus B0=181 ?9 GPa is obtained.

关键词： infinite-layer CaCuO2 synchrotron radiation high pressure energy dispersive X-ray diffraction.

The study on Sanmenxia annual flow forecasting in the Yellow River with mix regression model

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2004年第z1期47卷 118-126页

作者： JIANG Xiaohui1, LIU Changming1,2. WANG Yu3.& WANG Hongrui1 1. beijing Normal University, beijing 100875, China 2. {2. of Geographic Science and Natural Resources, chinese academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, China 3. Reconnaissance, Planning, Design and Research {2., YRCC, Zhengzhou 450003. China beijing Normal Univ Beijing 100875 Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Beijing 100101 Peoples R China YRCC Reconnaissance Planning Design & Res Inst Zhengzhou 450003 Peoples R China

This paper established mix regression model for simulating annual flow, in which annual runoff is auto-regression factor, precipitation, air temperature and water consumption are regression factors; we adopted 9 hypothesis climate change schemes to forecast the change of annual flow of Sanmenxia Station. The results show : (1) When temperature is steady, the average annual runoff will increase by 8.3. if precipitation increases by 10%; when precipitation decreases by 10%, the average annual runoff will decrease by 8.2.; when precipitation is steady, the average annual runoff will decrease by 2.4% if temperature increases 1℃; if temperature decreases 1℃, runoff will increase by 1.2.. The mix regression model can well simulate annual runoff. (2. As to 9 different temperature and precipitation scenarios, scenario 9 is the most adverse to the runoff of Sanmenxia Station of Yellow River; i.e. temperature increases 1℃ and precipitation decreases by 10%. Under this condition, the simulated average annual runoff decreases by 10.8%. On the contrary, scenario 1 is the best to the enhancement of runoff; i.e. when temperature decreases 1 ℃ precipitation will increase by 10%, which will make the annual runoff of Sanmenxia increase by 10.6%.

关键词： forecast annual flow, mix regression model, Sanmenxia Station

Chronology of Holocene lacustrine sediments in Co Ngoin, central Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第9期49卷 991-1001页

作者： WU Yanhong1, WANG Sumin1& HOU Xinhua1,3.1. Key Laboratory of Lake Sedimentation and Environment, Nanjing institute of Geography and Limnology, chinese {2. of Sciences, Nanjing 2.0008, China 2. institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, chinese {2. of Sciences, beijing 10085, China 3. Graduate University of chinese {2. of Sciences, beijing 10003., China 1. Key Laboratory of Lake Sedimentation and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China 2. institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 10085 China 3. Graduate University of chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

Chronology is the basis for using lacustrine sediments to reconstruct the history of en-vironmental change. Radioactive-nuclides such as 14C, 2.0Pb and 13.Cs dating are mainly used to establish the chronology for recent several ten thousand years. Because of being mixed with “dead carbon”, the measured 14C age is always older than the actual age which is recognized as “reservoir effect”. Cs is a kind of active metal element, and easy to migrate vertically in the sediment that leads to the error of the time marker. 2.0Pb dating should make sure to select CIC model or CRS model. On the Tibetan Plateau, most of the lakes are alkaline closed lake where Cs is more moveable in the sediment and the reservoir effect caused by “dead carbon” on 14C dating is stronger. Based on the analysis on results of 14C, 2.0Pb and 13.Cs of the lacustrine sediments from Co Ngoin, central Tibetan Plateau, we use the simple regression method to re-calculate the 14C calendar ages, and establish the time sequence for cores CE-1 and CE-2.with result of 2.0Pb CRS model for the upper 3. cm and re-calculated 14C calendar age for sediments bellow 3. cm. Since 1400 cal. a BP, sedimentation inter-rupted for more than 1000 years. According to this time sequence, variations of environmental proxies confidently reflect the major climatic events in Holocene.

关键词： 14C, 2.0Pb and 13.Cs, chronology, lacustrine sediments, climatic event, Co Ngoin, central Tibetan Plateau.