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An experimental study of dehydration melting of phengite-bearing eclogite at 1.5―3.0 GPa

Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第10期54卷 2090-2100页

作者： LIU Qiang1,2. JIN ZhenMin1,2.& ZHANG JunFeng1,2.1 State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral {3., China university of {2., Wuhan 43.074, China 2.faculty of earth sciences, China university of {2., Wuhan 43.074, China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China faculty of earth {2. China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

Dehydration melting experiments were performed on ultrahigh-pressure eclogite from Bixiling in the Dabie orogen at 1.5―3.0 GPa and 800―950℃ using piston cylinder apparatus. The results show that (1) eclogite with ~5% phengite started to melt at T≤800―850℃ and P = 1.5―2.0 GPa and produced about 3. granitic melt; (2. the products of dehydration melting of phengite-bearing eclogite vary with temperature and pressure. Fluid released from dehydration of phengite and zoisite leads to partial melting of eclogite and formation of plagioclase reaction rim around kyanite at pressures of 1.5―2.0 GPa and temperatures of 800―850℃; (3. phengite reacted with omphacite and quartz and produced oligoclase, kyanite and melt at elevated temperatures. Oligoclase is the primary reaction product produced by partial melting of phengite in the eclogite; and (4) the dehydration melting of phengite-bearing eclogite at pressures of 1.5―3.0 GPa and temperatures ≥900 ℃ results in formation of garnets with higher molar fraction of pyrope (3..67 wt.%―45.94 wt.%). Potassium feldspar and jadeite occur at P = 2.4―3.0 GPa and T≥900 ℃ , indicating higher pressure and fluid-absent conditions. Our results constrain the solidus for dehydration melting of phengite-bearing eclogite at pressures of 1.5―3.0 GPa. Combining experi- mental results with field observations of partial melting in natural eclogites, we concluded that phengite-bearing eclogites from the Dabie-Sulu orogen were able to partially molten at P = 1.5―2.0 GPa and T = 800―850℃ during exhumation. The ultrahigh-high pressure eclogites would have experienced partial melting in association with metamorphic phase transformation under different fluid conditions.

关键词：超高压榴辉岩脱水熔融实验水白云母反应压力部分熔融大别造山带苏鲁造山带反应产物

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Constraints of authigenic carbonates on trace elements (Sr,Mg) of lacustrine ostracod shells in paleoenviron-ment reconstruction and its mechanism

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Science China earth sciences 2008年第5期51卷 654-664页

作者： HU Guang1,2. JIN ZhangDong1 & ZHANG Fei3.1 State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of earth Environment, Chinese Academy of sciences, Xi’an 710075, China 2.Graduate {2. of the Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100049, China 3.College of resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural {2., Nanjing 2.0095, China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an 710075 China Graduate university of the Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China College of resources and Env

Molar ratios of Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca were measured in two species of ostracod shells preserved in the upper core (15–55 m) of the Hequing Basin in Yunnan Province, southwest China. By correlating the molar ratios between Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca and comparing them with Sr concentrations of the sediments, we suggested that: (1) the molar Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratio variations in respective ostracod primo reflected the changes in its ambient water composition and ecology; (2. the molar Sr/Ca ratios responded better to the salinity change linearly than Mg/Ca without aragonite precipitation in the system, and otherwise there was no linear relation between them; and (3. the molar Sr/Ca ratios were mainly controlled by salinity and authigenic carbonate precipitation, whereas the molar Mg/Ca ratios were related to both salinity and temperature. In fact, the rate of ostracod growth owing to temperature controls the fluctuation of Mg/Ca in shells. Here, more attentions should be paid to the constraint of authigenic mineral precipitation processes on the trace elements in ostracod shells and to the correlation between these trace elements in biogenic carbonates and compositions of the sediments in systems and in future in vitro experiments.

关键词： ostracod shell molar Sr/Ca ratio molar Mg/Ca ratio environmental response Heqing Basin

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Assessing and regulating the impacts of climate change on water resources in the Heihe watershed on the Loess Plateau of China

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Science China earth sciences 2010年第5期53卷 710-720页

作者： LI Zhi1,2. LIU WenZhao2. ZHANG XunChang3.& ZHENG FenLi2.1 College of {3. and Environment, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry university, Yangling 712.00, China 2.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of {2. & Ministry of Water {3., Yangling 712.00, China 3.USDA-ARS Grazinglands Research Laboratory, 73.3., El Reno, Oklahoma, USA 1. College of resources and Environment Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University Yangling 712100 China2. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Water Resources Yangling 712100 China3. USDA-ARS Grazinglands Research Laboratory El Reno Oklahoma 73036 USA

Climate change can cause considerable changes in water resources and assessing the potential impacts can provide important information for regional sustainable development. The objectives were to evaluate the possible impacts of climate change during 2.10-2.3. on water resources (runoff, soil water content, and evapotranspiration) in the Heihe watershed on the Loess Plateau of China and to further explore adaptive measures to cope with the changes. Projections of four climate models (CCSR/NIES, CGCM2. CSIRO-Mk2. and HadCM3. under three emission scenarios (A2. B2. and GGa) were used to estimate future changes in precipitation, maximum and minimum temperature based on Change Factor method. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was employed to simulate the hydrologic responses to climate changes. The CA-Markov model was used to develop land use scenarios. Compared with the present climate, the climate models predicted a -2.3. to 7.8% change in annual precipitation, 0.7 to 2.2.C rises in maximum temperature, and 1.2.to 2.8°C rises in minimum temperature. Without consideration of land use change, SWAT predicted a -19.8% to 3..0% change for runoff, -5.5% to 17.2. change for soil water content, and 0.1% to 5.9% increase for evapotranspiration during 2.10–2.3. under all climate scenarios. Though the change of hydrometeorolocial variables are complex, they would possibly increase with great probability, and the hydrological regime would be influenced such as a decrease in runoff in winter months. With land use changes, the projected land use of 2.15 would increase soil water content by 4.0% and surface runoff by 5.7% while slightly decrease evapotranspiration by 0.6% compared with the 2.00 land use. This result showed that adjustment of land use patterns was capable of regulating water resources and could be used to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change.

关键词： climate change water resources SWAT the Loess Plateau

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Seismic geomorphology of buried channel systems in the western South Huanghai Sea:retrodiction for paleo-environments

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2011年第1期30卷 47-58页

作者： KONG Xianghuai LIU Jian DU Yuansheng WEN Chun XU Gang faculty of earth {2. China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Qindao Institute of Marine Geology Ministry of Land and Resources Qingdao 266071 China Key Laboratory of Marine Hydrocarbon resources and Environment Geology of Ministry ofLand and resources Qingdao 266071 China College of Marine Geo-science Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China

Quantitative morphologic analysis of shallowly buried, dendritic channel systems in the continental shelf off the abandoned Huanghe River （Yellow River） mouth has been made based on interpretation of high resolution seismic profiles, with the attempt to estimate the paleo-hydrologic parameters when the incised-channels formed, then assess the paleoenvironment. The results indicate that the buried channel systems were formed about 44 cal ka BP when the shelf was subaerially exposed and subsequently drowned and filled during the Holocene transgression with the sea level rise continuously. The study area has experienced the processes from fluvial and estuarine to fully marine.

关键词： South Huanghai Sea (Yellow Sea) seismic geomorphology buried paleochannels,paleoenvironment

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Combination of drainage, water supply and environmental protection as well as rational distribution of water resource in Zhengzhou mining district

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Science China earth sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1768-1779页

作者： WU Qiang1, LI Duo1,2. DI Zhiqiang3. MIAO Ying3. ZHAO Suqi4 & GUO Qiwen5 1. Resource Exploitation Engineering College, CUMT, Beijing 100083. China 2. Shijiazhuang Engineering College, {3. of Economics, Shijiazhuang 05003., China 3. Shenyang Institute of Geology and Mineral {2., Shenyang 11003.0} China 4. State Adminstration of Coal Mine Safety, Beijing 100013. China 5. Zhengzhou Coal Mine Company (Group), Zhengzhou 452.71, China Resource Exploitation Engineering College CUMT Beijing China Shijiazhuang Engineering College university of Economics Shijiazhuang China Shenyang Institute of Geology and Mineral resources Shenyang China State Adminstration of Coal Mine Safety Beijing China Zhengzhou Coal Mine Company (Group) Zhengzhou China

The geological condition of coalfield is much complex in China. With increasing in mining depth and drainage amount, the contradiction of drainage, water supply and environ-mental protection is becoming more and more serious. However, the contradiction can be solved by the scientific management of optimizing combination of drainage, water supply and environ-mental protection. The Philip multiple objectives simplex method used in this article has searched for a possible solution at the first step, and then it goes on searching to find out whether there is a weight number that can lead the solution to the biggest. It can reduce the randomness and diffi-culty of traditional weight method which determine the weight number artificially. Some beneficial coefficients are vague and the number is larger in the model of water resource dispatch. So the vague layer analysis method can consider these vague factors fully, combining the qualitative and quantitative analysis together. Especially, this method can quantify the experiential judge-ment of policy decider, and it will turn to be more suitable if the structure of objective factors is complex or the necessary data are absent. In the paper, the two methods above are used to solve the plans of drainage, water supply and optimizing distribution of water resource in the Zhengzhou mining district.

关键词： combination of drainage, water supply and environmental protection, Philip multiple objective simplex method, vague layer analysis method, distribution of water resource.

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The impact of vegetation restoration on erosion-induced sediment yield in the middle Yellow River and management prospect

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Science China earth sciences 2005年第6期48卷 724-741页

作者： CHEN Hao1, ZHOU Jinxing2. CAI Qiangguo1, YUE Zhongqi3. LU Zhongchen4, LIANG Guanglin1& HUANG Jianguo5 1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural resources Re-search, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100101, China 2. Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry sciences, Beijing 100091, China 3. Department of Civil Engineering, university of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 4. Eco-environmental Research Center, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100085, China 5. College of resources and Environment, Southwest Agricultural university, Chongqing 400716, China Correspondence should be addressed to Chen Hao 1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China 2. Institute of Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences 100091 Beijing China 3. Department of Civil Engineering University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China 4. Eco-environmental Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences 100085 Beijing China 5. College of resources and Environment Southwest Agricultural University 400716 Chongqing China

According to the characteristics of water and erosion environments of different natural zones on the Loess Plateau, this paper studies changes of vegetation types, distribution boundaries of forest and grass as well as restoration capacity of vegetation in different natural zones in the middle Yellow River. The annual precipitation of 53. mm is the critical annual pre-cipitation for forest and grass distribution in the middle Yellow River. Among the zonal and azonal environmental factors affecting watershed sediment yield, the intermediate diameter D50 (mm) of suspended load and forest coverage (V, %) play the leading role. Of them the effect weight of forest coverage (V, %) on catchments sediment yield is only 3.4% less than the role of the intermediate diameter (D50, mm), they are almost the same. To effectively control soil erosion in semiarid, especially in hilly-gullied areas and make sediment transport modulus reduce to less than 6000 t/km2. it is rather difficult by merely relying on natural restoration of forest. In the process of cultivated land conversion into forest land and grassland, measures suiting local conditions should be adopted in tree species selection and artificial afforestation (grass planting) based on management with biological measures for slopeland and engineering measures for hilly-gullied areas, so that watershed forest coverage in key counties can reach at least over 3.%.Compared with the standard period of precipitation prior to the 1960s, with the decrease of an-nual precipitation at various periods, plant productivities decline to different degrees under natural conditions. The main reason accountable for the low survival rate of new seedlings and grass over years is due to precipitation decrease. In light with regression models of annual pre-cipitation and natural vegetation productivities, it is possible to obtain estimated values of wa-tershed natural vegetation productivity and eco-water consumption needed for the restoration to

关键词： vegetation restoration, eco-water requirement, watershed sediment yield, the middle Yellow River.

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Hydrocarbon Reservoir Model of Glutenite in the Fourth Member of Shahejie Formation in Northern Dongying Depression

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 136-137页

作者： Hui Liu~(1,2.,Yingchang Cao~3.Yanzhong Wang~3.1.State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral resources,China university of {2.,Beijing 100083. China. 2.School of Energy resources,China university of {2.(Beijing),Beijing 100083.China 3.faculty of Geo-resources and Information,China university of Petroleum,Dongying 2.7061,China

The glutenite in the fourth member of Shahejie Formation(Es^4) in northern Dongying depression straightforwardly penetrated into the muddy bathyal -abyss *** conditions of reservoir is very superior:(1) the high quality thick bedded oil source rock is developed very well in the Lijin sag and Minfeng sag of the study area,and it has the higher capability of generating hydrocarbon;(2. the

关键词： glutenite hydrocarbon reservoir formation northern Dongying depression fourth member of Shahejie Formation

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Experimental Examination of Velocity-Models in Estimating Gas Hydrate Saturation in Sediments

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 224-225页

作者： Gaowei Hu~(1,3.,Yuguang Ye~(2.3.,Jian Zhang~(2.3.,Jiasheng Wang~1 1.faculty of {3. {2.,China university of geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 43.074,China. 2.Key Laboratory of Marine Hydrocarbon resources and Environment resources,the Ministry of Land and resources,Qingdao 2.6071,China 3.Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology,the Ministry of Land and resources,Qingdao 2.6071,China

Elastic velocities(v_p and v_s)have been widely used in estimating gas hydrate saturation in void spaces of *** commonly used models are empirical equations or some physically based models,such as Wyllie’s time average,Effective Medium Theory (EMT),Modified Biot-Gassmann Theory by Lee (BGTL),*** equations or models are selective to distinct *** order to evaluate the app-

关键词： gas hydrates saturation elastic velocities models applicability

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Problems of Sequence Stratigraphy in China

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Journal of earth Science 2000年第3期19卷 10-20页

作者： Wang Hongzhen faculty of earth {2. and Mineral {3., China university of geosciences, Beijing 100083. China

A comprehensive study of outcrop sequence stratigraphy in China began in the early 1990s. The investigated strata range from Mesoproterozoic to Quaternary and the studied areas cover the three platforms and margins, the Southern Himalayas and the East China and South China seas. Problems of general concern in the sequence stratigraphy of China are discussed. These are: the hierarchy for sequence stratigraphy, the third order Sequence and eustasy, the chronostratigraphic boundaries and GSSP, and the International Stratigraphic Chart and the sequence chronostratigraphy of China. The average time interval of Mesosequence (2.-40 Ma) and of the Sequence (2.5 Ma) is suggested and the minor sequences below the Sequence are discussed. The time interval of the Sequence shows no evident decrease with time, but several epochs with remarkable short intervals occur in the Phanerozoic, which may represent a planetary behavior denoting the special development stages in earth’s evolution. Sea level change curves are given separately for the three platforms and the different regions. The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) concept and practice are discussed, and a comparison between the first appearance point of biozone and the first flooding surface in the Sequence is made for designation of the chronostratigraphic boundary. It is suggested that the chronostratigraphic boundaries might be set at the first flooding surface in the Sequence for easy recognition. The idea of sequence chronostratigraphy is recommended, and a comparison between the International Stratigraphic Chart and the sequence chronostratigraphy of China is made. The close relation between chronostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy makes it possible for sequence stratigraphy to improve chronostratigraphic research. It is pointed out that multidisciplinary study in chronostratigraphy is necessary and should be promising and profitable.

关键词： sequence stratigraphy chronostratigraphy GSSP China.

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Total alkyl dibenzothiophenes content tracing the filling pathway of condensate reservoir in the Fushan Depression,South China Sea

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Science China earth sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 138-145页

作者： LI MeiJun1,WANG TieGuan1,LIU Ju2.ZHANG MeiZhu2.LU Hong3.MA QinLin2.& GAO LiHui2.1 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum resources and Prospecting,earth {2. and Geoinformatics School,China university of Petroleum,Beijing 102.49,China 2.Southern Oil Exploration and Development Company,PetroChina,Guangzhou 510640,China 3.Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of {2.,Guangzhou 5102.0,China China Univ Petr Earth Sci & Geoinformat Sch State Key Lab Petr Resources & Prospecting Beijing 102249 Peoples R China PetroChina So Oil Explorat & Dev Co Guangzhou 510640 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Guangzhou Inst Geochem Guangzhou 510240 Guangdong Peoples R China

The condensates are generally characterized by high maturity,low concentration of steranes and ter-panes biomarkers and low content of non-hydrocarbon fraction. In this case commonly used steranes,terpanes and carbazoles parameters cannot be effectively applied in the reservoir-filling tracing. The hydrogen bond formed by sulfur atom in the dibenzothiophenes (DBTs) results in molecule adsorption and fractionation during oil migration in reservoir. Like carbazoles,total DBTs content decreases with the increasing of oil migration distance. Therefore,a new parameter——total DBTs content is proposed to be used to trace the oil migration orientation and filling pathway. In present study,total DBTs con-tents of condensates and light oils are obtained by adding internal standard——eight deuterium atoms substituted DBT during Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis of aromatic fraction. Except for a few samples with much lower content of non-hydrocarbon fraction,the total DBTs content shows a fine positive correlation with that of carbazoles. Large errors can be caused in the process of pyrrolic nitrogen compounds separation. The application of this new parameter in the Fushan Depression of Beibu Gulf Basin,South China Sea indicates that this parameter is a reliable one to trace filling pathway in condensate reservoirs. Combined with other DBTs-related parameters,such as 4-/1-methydibenzo-thiophene and 2.4-/1,4-dimethyldibenzothiophene,oil migration orientation and filling pathway of the Fushan Depression was determined. The accumulations of Huachang oil field in the Fushan Depres-sion are mainly migrated and charged from northeast to southeast along the Huachang uplift. It can be predicated that the light oil and condensates in the Huachang oil field should be sourced from the source kitchen at the Bailian Sag. It shows that total DBTs content is an effective parameter to tracing oil migration orientation and filling pathway.

关键词： dibenzothiophene alkyl dibenzothiophene condensate reservoir filling pathway molecular markers the Fushan Depression

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