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Carbon isotope composition and its implications of Lower Cretaceous Aptian-Albian shallow water carbonates in the Cuoqin Basin, North Tibet

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Science China Earth Sciences 2004年第3期47卷 247-254页

作者： ZHU Jingquan1. LI Yongtie2. JIANG Maosheng1.& CHEN Daizhao1.1. {1. of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, {1. 1.002., China 2. {2. {1. of petroleum exploration and Development, CNPC, beijing 1.0083, China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geol & Geophys Beijing 100029 Peoples R China CNPC Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

The d 1.C values of Lower Cretaceous Aptian-Albian platform-type carbonates in the Cuoqin Basin, North Tibet vary between 2.48 and 5.46. The mean value is 3.93. The values are not only provided with positive excursion, but also 1.1. higher than those of con-temporaneous pelagic carbonates which possess pretty high d 1.C values. The origin is ap-proached. During the oceanic anoxic events, a great number of organisms were rapidly buried, causing the increase of the d 1.C value of oceanic total dissolved carbon (TDC) and generally promoting the values of marine carbonates. After that, owing to the organisms undergoing dif-ferent isotopic fractionation in the paleo-ocean with stratified structure, d 1.C values of shallow sea carbonate were obviously higher than those of pelagic carbonates.

关键词： shallow water carbonate, stable carbon isotope, paleooceanography, Aptian-Albian stage, Cuoqin Basin.

Effects of abnormally high heat stress on petroleum in reservoir——An example from the Tazhong 1. Well in the Tarim Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第4期51卷 515-527页

作者： ZHU DongYa1, JIN ZhiJun1, HU WenXuan2.& ZHANG XueFeng3 1 petroleum {1. and {2. institute, China petroleum & chemical corporation, beijing 1.0083, China 2.Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 2.0093, China 3 School of Resource and Information, China University of petroleum, beijing 102.49, China petroleum {1. and {2. institute China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation Beijing China Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China School of Resource and Information China University of Petroleum Beijing China

An igneous intrusion of 94m thick was discovered intruding into the Silurian sandstone from Tazhong 1. Well. The petroleum previously preserved in the Silurian sandstone reservoir was altered into black carbonaceous bitumen by abnormally high heat stress induced by the igneous intrusion. The reflec-tance of the carbonaceous bitumen reaches as high as 3.54%, indicating that the bitumen had evolved into a high thermal evolution level. Similar to the Silurian samples from the neighboring Tazhong 1., Tazhong 1.1. Tazhong 45 and Tazhong 47 wells, the distribution of C{1., C{1. and C{1. steranes of the car-bonaceous bitumen is still "V" -shaped and can still be employed as an efficient parameter in oil source correlation. The "V" -shaped distribution indicates that the hydrocarbons from the Tazhong 1. and the neighboring wells were all generated from the Middle-Upper Ordovician hydrocarbon source rocks. However, the oil source correlation parameters associated with and terpanes had been changed greatly by the high heat stress and can no longer be used in oil source correlation. The δ 1.C values of the pe-troleum from the neighboring wells are between -3{1.53‰ and -33.37‰, coincident with those of the Paleozoic marine petroleum in the Tarim Basin. However, the δ 1.C values of the carbonaceous bitumen from the Tazhong 1. Well are between -{1..1.‰ and -{1..{1.‰, isotopically much heavier than the pe-troleum from the neighboring wells. The content of light hydrocarbons (nC1.-nC{1.) of the saturated hydrocarbon fraction in the carbonaceous bitumen is extremely higher than the content of heavy hy-drocarbons. The light/heavy hydrocarbon ratios (ΣnC{1.-/ΣnC{1.+) are between 4.56 and 39.1.. In the saturated fraction, the even numbered hydrocarbons are predominant to the odd numbered, and the OEP (Odd to Even Predominance) values are between 0.{1. and 0.49. However, the content of light hy-drocarbons in the petroleum from the neighboring wells is relatively low and the content of the even numb

关键词： Tarim Basin igneous intrusive abnormally high heat stress bitumen carbon isotope PAH

Contributors and potential of hydrocarbon generation of source rocks by solid-state ^(1.)C NMR spectroscopy

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第6期42卷 478-481页

作者： WANGZhaoyun, ZHAO Changyi, CHENG Keming and LU Qinghua1. research {1. of {2. exploration and Development, China National {2. corporation, beijing 1.0083, China:2. University of {2., beijing, 1.0083 China research {1. of {2. exploration and Development China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing China University of petroleum Beijing China

SOLID-STATE 1.C nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） technique is an effective method to study the texture of material. Under the condition of high magnetic field （400 MHz） and by the application of cross polarization, magic angle spinning （CP/MAS）, total sideband suppression （TOSS）, etc., the content of different textural carbons in kerogen has been quantitatively analyzed by the solid-state 1.C NMR spectroscopy of a series of kerogen of thermal simulation samples with Ro value ranging from 0.64% to 1.76%. The results show that

关键词： solid 1.C NMR analysis aliphatic carbon potential of hydrocarbon generation of source rocks.

Micro-mechanisms of residual oil mobilization by viscoelastic fluids

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petroleum Science 2008年第1期5卷 56-61页

作者： Zhang Lijuan Yue Xiang＇an Guo Fenqiao Key Laboratory of petroleum Engineering Ministry of Education China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Development Department Sinopec Exploration and Production Research Institute Beijing 100083 China

Four typical types of residual oil, residual oil trapped in dead ends, oil ganglia in pore throats, oil at pore corners and oil film adhered to pore walls, were studied. According to main pore structure characteristics and the fundamental morphological features of residual oil, four displacement models for residual oil were proposed, in which pore-scale flow behavior of viscoelastic fluid was analyzed by a numerical method and micro-mechanisms for mobilization of residual oil were discussed. Calculated results indicate that the viscoelastic effect enhances micro displacement efficiency and increases swept volume. For residual oil trapped in dead ends, the flow field of viscoelastic fluid is developed in dead ends more deeply, resulting in more contact with oil by the displacing fluid, and consequently increasing swept volume. In addition, intense viscoelastic vortex has great stress, under which residual oil becomes small oil ganglia, and finally be carried into main channels. For residual oil at pore throats, its displacement mechanisms are similar to the oil trapped in dead ends. Vortices are developed in the depths of the throats and oil ganglia become smaller. Besides, viscoelastic fluid causes higher pressure drop on oil ganglia, as a driving force, which can overcome capillary force, consequently, flow direction can be changed and the displacing fluid enter smaller throats. For oil at pore corners, viscoelastic fluid can enhance displacement efficiency as a result of greater velocity and stress near the corners. For residual oil adhered to pore wall, viscoelastic fluid can provide a greater displacing force on the interface between viscoelastic fluid and oil, thus, making it easier to exceed the minimum interfacial tension for mobilizing the oil film.

关键词： Viscoelastic chemical flooding displacement mechanism residual oil swept volume

Stratigraphic thermohistory and its implications for regional geoevolution in the Tarim Basin,NW China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第10期53卷 1495-1505页

作者： WANG TieGuan1,DAI ShiFeng2.LI MeiJun1,ZHANG WeiBiao1,3,Qiu NanSheng1 & WANG GuangLi1 1 State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resources and Prospecting,China University of petroleum,{2. 102.49,China 2.State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources & Safe Mining,China University of Mining & Technology,{2. 1.0083,China 3 exploration research Center,exploration & Development institute,China Petrochemical {1.},{2. 1.0083,China 1. State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China2. State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources & Safe Mining China University of Mining & Technology Beijing 100083 China3. Exploration Research Center Exploration & Development Institute China Petrochemical Corporation Beijing 100083 China

Fourteen vitrinite reflectance profiles from the Tarim Basin,NW China,show that the vitrinite reflectance profiles of individual wells follow a faulted and dislocated dual-stage pattern in the eastern section of the Tazhong Uplift and in the Tabei *** reflectance values in these profiles change sharply at the unconformity beneath the Lower Carboniferous Bachu or Upper Devonian Donghetang Formations,where the overlying Triassic to Carboniferous strata are still in a mature phase within the "liquid oil window".However,the underlying Lower Paleozoic reached the overmature phase beyond the "liquid oil window" towards the end of the Silurian,or in the Early Devonian at the *** the vitrinite reflectance profiles are attributed to a continuous,single-stage pattern in the western section of the Tazhong Uplift,in which the Lower Paleozoic is also in an overmature phase,their overmaturity would have been achieved relatively late in geological *** stratigraphic thermohistory has the following implications to regional geoevolution:(1. The overmature Lower Ordovician to Cambrian strata in the eastern section of the Tazhong Uplift and in the Tabei Uplift,as well as in the Manjiaer Depression,could not have acted as the source kitchen for normal oil(so-called black oil);(2. The dissimilarity in vitrinite reflectance profiles between the eastern and western sections of the Tazhong Uplift reveals Early Paleozoic paleotectonic features,i.e.,lower at the east and higher at the west,whereas recent tectonic features formed since the Late Paleozoic are in reverse,i.e.,higher in the east and lower at the west;(3) Reconstruction of the denuded thickness of sediments overlying the Lower Ordovician strata suggests reconsideration on the paleotectonic features in the Tarim Basin;(4) Based on the sustained duration of the "liquid oil window" for overmature source beds,it is predicted that the Suntuoguole Lower Uplift between the Awati and Manjiaer Depressions is a

关键词： vitrinite reflectance profile faulted and dislocated dual-stage pattern paleotectonic features sustained "liquid oil window" period source kitchen

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF REMOTE SENSING TECTONICS IN QIANGTANG-CHANGDU MASSIF, QINGHAI-TIBET PLATEAU

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地学前缘 2000年第S1期7卷 435-437页

作者： Zhao Zhengzhang 1,Ye Hefei 2.Li Yongtie 2.1 China National petroleum {1., {2. 10072.,China 2.research institute of petroleum exploration and Development, CNPC, beijing 1.0083,China)

The northern Tibet plateau is the core of generalized Qinghai—Tibet plateau. The main part of Qiangtang—Changdu massif, which is 45×1. 4km 2.and more than 5000m in altitude, conforms to the northern Tibet plateau in area.1.The shape features and boundary conditions of Qiangtang—Changdu massif\;(1. Qiangtang—Changdu massif shows huge flat\|lying “S” area In MSS7 mosaic image, Qiangtang—Changdu massif extends in west and east, and appears a long\|elliptic huge block composed of feathered and dendritic textures.. Noticeably, there are two similar texture “tails" in the west and east ends of the massif. The western tail turns and constringes to the north, and eastern tail to the south. Thereby, the massif shows huge “S" area. According to the regional analysis, the eastern tail locates between Shaluli Mt.\|Taniantaweng Mt. and Mujiang River, and western part through Bangong\|Co connects with Pamirs along Karakoram Mt. In regional tectonics, the massif locates between Lazhulong\|Xijinwulan\|Co\|Jinshajiang River and Bangong\|Co\|Dongqiao\|Nujiang River fault belts.

关键词： Qiangtang—Changdu massif remote sensing boundary condition circular structure deformin g features mechanic characteristic dynamics

Primary migration and secondary alteration of the Upper Paleozoic gas reservoir in Ordos Basin,China―Application of fluid inclusion gases

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 165-173页

作者： GONG Se 1,2.,PENG PingAn 1 ,SHUAI YanHua 3 ,DAI JinXing 3 &ZHANG WenZheng 4 1 Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China 2.Common Wealth Scientific and {1. Organization,{2. Resources,PO Box 136,North Ryde,New South Wales,1670,Australia 3 {1. institute of {2. exploration and Development,PetroChina,beijing 1.0083,China 4 {1. institute of exploration and Development,Changqing {2. {1.},Xi’an 71002.,China Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry the Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China Common Wealth Scientific and research Organization Petroleum Resources PO Box 136 North Ryde New South Wales 1670 Australia research {1.

The composition of fluid inclusions(FI)often represents the initial geochemical characteristics of palaeo-fluid in reservoir *** on composition and carbon isotopic composition of gas during primary migration,reservoir-forming and subsequent secondary alterations are discussed through comparing fluid inclusion gas with coal-formed gas and natural gas in present gas reservoirs in the Ordos *** results show that primary migration of gas has significant effect on the molecular but not on the carbon isotopic composition of *** and diffusion fractionation took place during the secondary migration of gas in Upper Paleozoic gas reservoir according to carbon isotopic composition of methane in *** and carbon isotopic composition of natural gas were nearly unchanged after the gas reservoir forming through comparing the FI gases with the natural gas in present gas reservoir.

关键词： secondary alteration fluid inclusion carbon isotope Ordos Basin

Geochemical characteristics and origin of gases from the Upper,Lower Paleozoic and the Mesozoic reservoirs in the Ordos Basin,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 183-194页

作者： HU AnPing 1 ,Li Jian 2.,ZHANG WenZheng 3 ,LI ZhiSheng 2.,HOU Lu 4 &LIU QuanYou 5 1 Department of Earth Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 31002.,China 2.Langfang Branch,Reasearch institute of {1. {2. and Development,PetroChina,Langfang 065007,China 3 institute of {2. and Development,PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi’an 71002.,China 4 University of {1.,beijing102.49,China 5 PetroChina research institute of {1. {2. and Development,beijing {1.},China 1. Department of Earth Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China2. Langfang Branch Reasearch Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Langfang 065007 China3. Institute of Exploration and Development PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi’an 710021 China4. University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China5. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083 China

The Ordos Basin,the second largest sedimentary basin in China,contains the broad distribution of natural gas *** far,several giant gas fields have been discovered in the Upper and Lower Paleozoic in this basin,each having over 1.00×1. 8 m 3 of proven gas reserves,and several gas pools have also been discovered in the *** paper collected the data of natural gases and elucidated the geochemical characteristics of gases from different reservoirs,and then discussed their *** hydrocarbons preserved in the Upper Paleozoic,the elevatedδ1.C values of methane,ethane and propane indicate that the gases would be mainly coal-formed gases;the singular reversal in the stable carbon isotopes of gaseous alkanes suggests the mixed gases from humic sources with different *** the Lower Paleozoic,theδ1.C 1.values are mostly similar with those in the Upper Paleozoic,but theδ1.C {1.andδ1.C 3 values are slightly lighter,suggesting that the gases would be mixing of coal-type gases as a main member and oil-type *** are multiple reversals in carbon isotopes for gaseous alkanes,especially abnormal reversal for methane and ethane(i.e.δ1.C 1.>δ1.C {1.),inferring that gases would be mixed between high-mature coal-formed gases and oil-type *** the Mesozoic,the δ1.Cvalues for gaseous alkanes are enriched in 1.1.,indicating that the gases are mainly derived from sapropelic sources;the carbon isotopic reversal for propane and butane in the Mesozoic is caused by microbial oxidation and mixing of gases from sapropelic sources with different *** contrast to the Upper Paleozoic gases,the Mesozoic gases are characterized by heavier carbon isotopes of iso-butane than normal butane,which may be caused by gases generated from different kerogen types. Finally,according toδ1.C 1.-Ro relationship and extremely low total organic carbon contents,the Low Paleozoic gases would not be generated from the Ordovician source as a main gas source,bycontrast, the Upper Pale

关键词： Ordos Basin natural gas chemical composition carbon isotope genesis

Geochemical characteristics of pyrolysis gas from epimetamorphic rocks in the northern basement of Songliao Basin,Northeast China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 140-147页

作者： YANG Chun 1 ,LUO Xia 2.,LI Jian 2.,LI ZhiSheng 2.,LIU QuanYou 3 &Wang YuLin 4 1 Department of Earth Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 31002.,China 2.research {1. of {2. exploration and Development(Langfang Branch),Langfang 065007,China 3 research {1. of {2. exploration and Development,beijing 1.0083,China 4 Department of Source and Environment,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 12.000,China Zhejiang Univ Dept Earth Sci Hangzhou 310027 Peoples R China Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Langfang Branch Langfang 065007 Peoples R China Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Liaoning Tech Univ Dept Source & Environm Fuxing 123000 Peoples R China

The Xushen gas field,located in the north of Songliao Basin,is a potential giant gas area for China in the *** proved reserves have exceeded 1.00×1. 8 m 3 by the end of ***,the origin of natural gases from the deep strata is still in *** rocks as a potential gas source are widely spreading in the northern basement of Songliao *** to pyrolysis experiments for these rocks in the semi-confined system,gas production and geochemistry of alkane gases are discussed in this *** Carboniferous-Permian epimetamorphic rocks were heated from 300℃to 550℃,with temperature interval of 50℃.The gas production was quantified and measured for {2. and carbon isotopic *** show thatδ1.C 1.is less than?2.‰,carbon isotope trend of alkane gas isδ1.C 1.1.C 2.1.C 3 orδ1.C 1.1.C 2.>δ1.C 3 ,these features suggest that the gas would be coal-type gas at high-over maturity,not be inorganic gas with reversal trend of gaseous alkanes (δ1.C 1.>δ1.C 2.>δ1.C 3 ).These characteristics of carbon isotopes are similar with the natural gas from the basin basement,but disagree with gas from the Xingcheng ***,the mixing gases from the pyrolysis gas with coal-typed gases at high-over maturity or oil-typed gases do not cause the reversal trend of carbon *** gas generation intensity for epimetamorphic rocks is 3.0×1. 8 ―2..8×1. 8 m 3 /km 2.,corresponding to Ro from 2.0%to 3.5%for organic matter.

关键词： Northern Songliao Basin epimetamorphic rock pyrolysis experiment gas generation potential carbon isotope