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Turbulent intensity and its similarity function over an Inner Mongolian grassland during spring

Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第5期53卷 773-780页

作者： YUE Ping1,2.3, NIU ShengJie2. HU YinQiao4 & ZHANG Qiang1 1 Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Reducing Disaster of CMA, institute of Arid Meteorology, CMA, lanzhou 73002.,{2. 2.Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 2.0044,{2. 3 Zhangye National Meteorological Observatory, Zhangye 734000,{2. 4 Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering research institute, Chinese Academy of Science, lanzhou 730000,{2. 1. Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Reducing Disaster of CMA Institute of Arid Meteorology CMA Lanzhou 730020 China2. Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China3. Zhangye National Meteorological Observatory Zhangye 734000 China4. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Science Lanzhou 730000 China

Macroscopic reason for the development of turbulences in fluid is the conjunction action of velocity and temperature shears. We use the 2.08 spring flux observations in the surface layer over Inner Mongolian grassland, obtain the similarity functions of turbulent intensity under different stratification stability conditions, and calculate the clear day turbulent intensity in the spring, which is then analyzed and compared with the observed values of turbulent intensity. The results show that in the Inner Mongolian grassland, under the condition of spring unstable stratification of the surface layer, dependence of the similarity function of turbulent intensity on stratification stability follows a "2.3 power law". The structural function is a constant under the neutral stratification condition, and complicated under the stable condition. The calculated turbulent intensity has a close correlation with the observed one, which verifies the accuracy of the similarity functions and the suitability of the theorem of turbulent intensity in the grassland region.

关键词： turbulent intensity variance of velocity similarity function grassland

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Gas formation mechanism of marine carbonate source rocks in china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第4期48卷 441-453页

作者： ZHAO Wenzhi1, WANG Zhaoyun1, HE Haiqing2. ZHANG Mingjie3, WANG Hongjun1, WANG Yunpeng4 & QIN Yong5 1. research institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Petro{2., Beijing 100083, china 2. Petro{2. Exploration & Production, Beijing 100011, china 3. Department of Geology, lanzhou University, lanzhou 730000, china 4. Guangzhou Geochemical institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, china 5. china University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 2.1000, china 1. research institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development 100083 PetroChinaBeijin China 2. Petrochina Exploration & Production 100011 Beijing China 3. Department of Geology Lanzhou University 730000 Lanzhou China 4. Guangzhou Geochemical institute Chinese Academy of Sciences 510640 Guangzhou China 5. china University of Mining and Technology 221000 Xuzhou China

By breaking through the conventional ideology on the study of gas-formation mechanism of source rocks which focused on merely the characteristics of source rocks them- selves, and based on the development and distribution characteristics of marine carbonate source rocks in the medium-to-bottom parts of the Chinese superimposed sedimentary basins as well as various processes in the course of gas generation and reservoir forming, the complex hydrocarbon-generating model of carbonates is established. Such a model concerns not only the “three-stage” gas formation characteristics of carbonates, but also the gas generation process due to a thermal cracking of oil and the re-generation process of gas from heated secondary organic matters during the gas-generation and reservoir-forming course. The high-quality hy- drocarbon generating matter of marine carbonate source rocks determined a high gas-oil ratio and tended to form paleo-oil-reservoirs, representing an enrichment process of organic matters. The thermal cracking of oil in palaeo-oil-reservoirs is an important means for the effective forma- tion of gas reservoirs. The secondary organic matters in carbonate reservoirs may regenerate gas after a secondary deep burial, thus becoming an effective gas source.

关键词： carbonate, three-stage hydrocarbon generation, inhibitive effect of maturity, oil-cracking gas, second-ary asphalt gas.

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Dry electrode for the measurement of biopotential signals

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2011年第11期54卷 2435-2442页

作者： WANG Yu 1,2.PEI WeiHua 2.GUO Kai 2.GUI Qiang 2.LI XiaoQian 2.CHEN HongDa 2.& YANG JianHong 11 institute of Microelectronics,School of Physical Science and Technology,lanzhou University{2.,china 2.State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics,institute of Semiconductors,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100083,china 1. institute of Microelectronics School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China2. State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China

This paper introduces a kind of silicon-based dry electrode for measuring biological *** uses microneedle arrays to penetrate into the stratum corneum to reduce skin *** dry electrode requires neither skin preparation nor the electrolytic gel,is easy to use and causes no skin *** different technologies are chosen to manufacture microneedle arrays of dry *** is deep dry etching combined with isotropic wet *** other is mechanical dicing combined with chemical wet etching (including isotropic wet etching and anisotropic wet etching).Microneedle arrays are coated with metal and divided into 2. mm 2.as dry electrode *** testing shows that the impedance value of dry electrode can be comparable with that of commercial electrode in the 2. Hz-10 kHz frequency *** steady-state visual evoked potential recording and analysis prove that the dry electrode can be used to detect electroencephalography.

关键词： dry electrode microneedle array dry etching wet etching EEG

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Grain size record of microparticles in the Muztagata ice core

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第1期49卷 10-17页

作者： WU Guangjian1,2. YAO Tandong1,2. XU Baiqin1,2. LI Zheng2. TIAN Lide1,2. DUAN Keqin2.& WEN Linke2.1. Laboratory of Environment and Process on Tibetan Plateau, institute of Tibetan Plateau research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085,{2. 2. Key Laboratory of Cryosphere and Environment, Jointly Established by Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engi-neering research institute and institute of Tibetan Plateau research, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,{2. Meteorological Administration, lanzhou 730000,{2. 1. Laboratory of Environment and Process on Tibetan Plateau Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China 2. Key Laboratory of Cryosphere and Environment Jointly Established by Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute and Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological Administration Lanzhou 730000 China

The dust transport and sediment characteristics are discussed based onanalysis of mi-croparticle size and size distribution in the Muztagata ice core at 6350 m a.s.I. Thefiner particles with diameter of 1—5 μm are the dominant fraction in number, while middle andcoarse particles mainly contribute to the total volume. The lognormal distribution characteristicscan be seen for some high concentration samples, showing that model size and standard variation aregreater than that in the Greenland ice cores. However, size-volume distribution of some lowconcentration samples is abnormal. Those distributions reflect the dust deposit process in highmountain glaciers at mid-low latitudes and show differences from those in polar ice sheet.

关键词： Muztagata, ice core, microparticle, dust, size distribution.

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Distribution and characteristics of gravelly soil liquefaction in the Wenchuan M_s 8.0 earthquake

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earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2010年第2期9卷 167-175页

作者： Cao Zhenzhong1,Hou Longqing2.Xu Hongmei2.and Yuan Xiaoming1 1. institute of Engineering Mechanics,china {2. Administration,Harbin 150080,china 2. East china institute of Technology,Fuzhou 344000,china institute of Engineering Mechanics China Earthquake Administration Harbin 150080 China

In this paper,a distribution map of gravelly soil liquefaction that was caused by the Wenchuan M8.0 earthquake in china is proposed based on a detailed field investigation and an analysis of geological soil profiles. The geological background of the earthquake disaster region is summarized by compiling geological cross sections and borehole logs. Meanwhile,four typical liquefied sites were selected to conduct sample drillings,dynamic penetration tests (DPT),and shear wave velocity tests,to understand the features of liquefied gravelly soil. One hundred and eighteen (118) liquefied sites were investigated shortly after the earthquake. The field investigation showed:(1) sandboils and waterspouts occurred extensively,involving thousands of miles of farmland,12. villages,eight schools and five factories,which caused damage to some rural houses,schools,manufacturing facilities and wells,etc.; (2. the Chengdu plain is covered by a gravelly soil layer with a thickness of 0 m to 541 m according to the geological cross sections; (3) there were 80 gravelly soil liquefied sites in the Chengdu plain,shaped as five belt areas that varied from 2. km to 40 km in length,and about ten gravelly soil liquefied sites distributed within Mianyang area; and (4) the grain sizes of the sampled soil were relative larger than the ejected soil on the ground,thus the type of liquefied soil cannot be determined by the ejected soil. The gravelly soil liquefied sites are helpful in enriching the global database of gravelly soil liquefaction and developing a corresponding evaluation method in further research efforts.

关键词： gravelly soil liquefaction borehole soil profile geological cross section grain size distribution Wenchuan earthquake

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Studies on the Model Synthesis of the Brassinolide and Dolicholide Side Chains

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2003年第9期14卷 889-892页

作者： Li Zeng PENG, Feng Zhi ZHANG, Tian Sheng MEI, Yu Lin LINational Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, institute of Organic Chemistry, lanzhou University,{2. National Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Institute of Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University

A stereoselective synthesis of brassinolide and dolicholide, which involves construction of the side chain enantiomers by a highly stereoselective aldol reaction of aldehyde 5 with the anion of α-silyloxy ketone 6 is... 详细信息

关键词： Brassinolide dolicholide side chain aldol reaction.

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A　Study　on　the　Middle－Upper　Proterozoic　and　Lower　Palaeozoic　Source　Rock　from　the　Huabei　Areain　china

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沉积学报 1996年第4期 2-15页

作者： Fan Pu 1 Zhang Baisheng 1 Li Jinggui 1 Zhang Qian 1 Li Zhenxi 1 Wang Zhaoyun 2.Zeng Fangang 2.Cui Mingzhong 1 and Ma Keyang 1 1\ (lanzhou institute of Geology, Academia Sinica, lanzhou\ 730000, china) 2. (research institute of Petroleum Exploratio

ＡＳｔｕｄｙｏｎｔｈｅＭｉｄｄｌｅ┐ＵｐｐｅｒＰｒｏｔｅｒｏｚｏｉｃａｎｄＬｏｗｅｒＰａｌａｅｏｚｏｉｃＳｏｕｒｃｅＲｏｃｋｆｒｏｍｔｈｅＨｕａｂｅｉＡｒｅａｉｎＣｈｉｎａ①ＦａｎＰｕ１ＺｈａｎｇＢａｉｓｈｅｎｇ１Ｌ... 详细信息

ＡＳｔｕｄｙｏｎｔｈｅＭｉｄｄｌｅ┐ＵｐｐｅｒＰｒｏｔｅｒｏｚｏｉｃａｎｄＬｏｗｅｒＰａｌａｅｏｚｏｉｃＳｏｕｒｃｅＲｏｃｋｆｒｏｍｔｈｅＨｕａｂｅｉＡｒｅａｉｎＣｈｉｎａ①ＦａｎＰｕ１ＺｈａｎｇＢａｉｓｈｅｎｇ１ＬｉＪｉｎｇｇｕｉ１ＺｈａｎｇＱｉａ...

关键词： Source Rock Palaeozoic Areain

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北京城市副中心0701街区D#地块住房百年住宅示范项目

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建筑实践 2024年第3期 96-103页

作者： china institute of Building Standard Design & {2. Co., Ltd. 中国建筑标准设计研究院有限公司

北京城市副中心是规划建设疏解北京非首都功能、推动京津冀协同发展的历史性工程。项目对于落实首都城市战略定位、建设国际—流的和谐宜居之都,对于建设以首都为核心的世界级城市群,都具有十分重大而深远的意义。项目规划设计打破传统...

北京城市副中心是规划建设疏解北京非首都功能、推动京津冀协同发展的历史性工程。项目对于落实首都城市战略定位、建设国际—流的和谐宜居之都,对于建设以首都为核心的世界级城市群,都具有十分重大而深远的意义。项目规划设计打破传统封闭社区规划模式,以小街区密路网、开放式社区的设计骨架,用半围合式住宅,院落内外高差处理等设计手法打造和谐、有序而具有活力的多元示范住区。

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Operator constraint principle for simplifying atmospheric dynamical equations

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第12期46卷 1053-1056页

作者： LI Jianping & CHOU Jifan1. National Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002., china 2. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, {2. University, lanzhou 730000, china National Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou University

Based on the qualitative theory of atmospheric dynamical equations, a new method for simplifying equations, the operator constraint principle, is presented. The general rule of the method and its mathematical strictness are discussed. Moreover, the way that how to use the method to simplify equations rationally and how to get the simplified equations with harmonious and consistent dynamics is given.

关键词： simplification operator equation operator constraint principle.

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The seasonal variations of δ^(18)O , Cl^- , Na^+ ,NO_3^- and Ca^(2.) in the snow and firn recovered from Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第24期44卷 2270-2273页

作者： LI Zhongqin, ZHANG Mingjun, QIN Dahe, XIAO Cunde, TIAN Lide KANG Jiancheng and LI Jun lanzhou institute of Glaciology and Geocryology , Chinese Academy of Sciences ,{2., china Chinese institute of Polar research, Shanghai 2.012., china Antarctic CRC and Australian Antarctic Division , Hobart, Australia Corresponding author lanzhou institute of Glaciology and Geocryology Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China Chinese institute of Polar research Shanghai China Antarctic CRC and Australian Antarctic Division Hobart Australia

Snow and firn samples recovered from two snow pits (2.5 and 4.5m deep) and one 50-m firn core along the route of the 1996/1997 Chinese First Antarctic Inland Traverse Expedition in Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica, have been measured for chemical composition and oxygen isotope ratio. In the two snow pits, the variations of NO3- are partly in phase with that of δ18O, while the variations of Cl- and Na+ are in inverse phase with that of δ18O.

关键词： Princess Elizabeth Land ion δ18O seasonal variations.

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