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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第22期42卷 1894-1898页

作者： DUAN Yi,CUl Mingzhong, MA Lanhua, SONG Jinming, ZHOU Shixin and LUO Binjie1. lanzhou institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,{2., china 2. earthquake research institute of lanzhou, ssb,{2., china 3. institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 2.6071, china lanzhou institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China earthquake research {2. of lanzhou SSB Lanzhou China institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China

SINKING particulate organic matter of the sea plays an important role in marine environment. Itnot only provides food for marine organisms and takes part in chemical cycling, but also pro-vides sedimentary organic matter for marine sediments. Therefore, researchers always payclose attention to the source and processes of transport and transformation of marine sinkingparticulate organic matter. Its transport process can be understood by measuring the

关键词： marine sinking paniculate material composition of lipid compounds organic matter source and biochemical pro-cesses.

Two types of changes in apparent resistivity in earthquake prediction

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Science china Earth Sciences 2011年第1期54卷 145-156页

作者： DU XueBin1,2.1lanzhou institute of Seismology,{2. earthquake Administration, lanzhou 730000,{2. 2.0} Base of earthquake Science institute,{2. earthquake Administration, lanzhou 730000,{2. 1. lanzhou institute of Seismology China Earthquake Administration Lanzhou 730000 China2. Lanzhou Base of Earthquake Science Institute China Earthquake Administration Lanzhou 730000 China

Two types of changes in apparent resistivity (AR) have been linked to earthquake occurrences. This paper studies the changes and their causes, in detail with the ultimate purpose of developing and assessing a method of earthquake (EQ) prediction. The AR changes of the first type (CFT) are considered to be precursors related to earthquakes (EQs); these appear mostly in the medium-term period before EQs and in the short-term period preceding EQs. The changes of the second type (CST) are characterized by a turning anomaly of a long-trend AR variation or the drastically descending/ascending anomaly superimposed on such a variation; these appear synchronously in large areas, such as the Chinese mainland, and northern and northwestern china, ect. Their spatio-temporal clusters correspond well to high seismicities in the areas and distant great EQs around the Chinese mainland. Based on the behaviors of the two types of changes, the AR changes observed prior to the Ms8.0 Wenchuan EQ of 2.08 are studied. The results show that in the medium-term period before the EQ, noticeable anomalies appeared synchronously at four stations around the Songpan-Ganzi active block, but only weak upward changes were observed in the short-term period preceding the EQ, which caused the prediction of the imminent EQ to fail.

关键词： strong earthquake apparent resistivity two types of changes spatio-temporal cluster Wenchuan earthquake

STUDY ON THE IMMOBILIZATION OF PAPAIN WITH A MACROPOROUS BEAD CARRIER OF COPOLYMER CONTAINING MONOMER UNITS OF NAMINOETHYL ACRYLAMIDE AND VINYL ALCOHOI

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2000年第1期18卷 25-31页

作者： Yan-feng Li Jun-rong Li Lian-di Fu Yao-zeng Li Department of Chemistry, lanzhou University, lanzhou 730000,{2. Gansu Natural Energy research institute, lanzhou 730000,{2. Gansu Provincial institute of Drug Control, lanzhou 730000,{2. 兰州大学甘肃兰州甘肃自然能源所甘肃兰州 730000 甘肃省药检所甘肃兰州 730000

A kind of macroporous bead carrier of copolymer containing monomer units of N-aminoethyl acrylamide and vinylalcohol was synthesized, i.e. the MR-AA carrier. Papain was immobilized on the carrier using glutaraldehyde as the couplingagent. The enzymatic activity of the immobilized papain was compared with free papain using casein as a substrate, and theeffects of glutaraldehyde concentration, pH, temperature, time and papain amount added on the activity recovery were alsoinvestigated. The results show that the MR-AA carrier contains reactive primary amine groups, hydrophilic amido links andhydroxyl groups, as well as macroporous structures based on its matrix (MR-AV matrix), furthermore, the activity recoveryof papain in the immobilization could reach 48%/～58%. In comparison with free papain, the resulting immobilized papainexhibits a remarkable thermostability and better reusability.

关键词： Immobilization Papain Proteolytic enzyme Macroporous bead carrier

Evolution of terraces Ⅰ–Ⅲ along the Anning River, western Sichuan, based on pollen records and terrace structure

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Science china Earth Sciences 2011年第1期54卷 127-135页

作者： CHENG JianWu1,2.1 institute of Geology, china {2. Administration, Beijing 100039, china 2.{2. Administration of Gansu Province, lanzhou 730000, china institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing China earthquake Administration of Gansu Province Lanzhou China

This study reconstructs the long-term evolution of river terraces over large spatial scales along the Anning River, western Sichuan, and identifies external factors controlling terrace formation. Pollen record analysis and terrace structure indicate that formation of the middle section of terraces I-III resulted from the interaction of changing climates and uplift of the margins of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The relative influence of climate and uplift in terrace formation changes in different periods. The terraces reveal multiple, gradual uplift events on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which is of great significance for determining uplift mechanisms across the entire plateau.

关键词： Anning River in western Sichuan terrace formation pollen paleoclimate

Top 10 Influential Events in carbon neutrality and climate change response for 2.2.

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第1期18卷 1-3页

作者： research institute of Carbon Neutrality of Shanghai Jiao Tong University research institute of Carbon Neutrality Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

In 2.2., the global community intensified its efforts towards achieving carbon neutrality and addressing climate change, witnessing several impactful events. research institute of Carbon Neutrality, Shanghai Jiao Tong University compiled the Top 10 Events (in chronological order) in the field of global carbon neutrality and climate change response for 2.2., to share with readers these significant moments that document the ongoing ambition and collective efforts of human society.

关键词： neutral collective intensified

Impacts of permafrost changes on alpine ecosystem in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第11期49卷 1156-1169页

作者： WANG Genxu1,3 , LI Yuanshou2., WU Qingbai2.& WANG Yibo3 1. institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, china 2. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering {2. institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, lanzhou 730000, china 3. Resource and Environment School, lanzhou University, lanzhou 730000, china 1. institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China 3. Resource and Environment School Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China 2. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering research institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China

Alpine cold ecosystem with permafrost environment is quite sensitive to climatic changes and the changes in permafrost can significantly affect the alpine ecosystem. The vegetation coverage, grassland biomass and soil nutrient and texture are selected to indicate the regime of alpine cold ecosystems in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The interactions between alpine ecosystem and permafrost were investigated with the depth of active layer, permafrost thickness and mean annual ground temperature (MAGTs). Based on the statistics model of GPTR for MAGTs and annual air temperatures, an analysis method was developed to analyze the impacts of permafrost changes on the alpine ecosystems. Under the climate change and human engineering activities, the permafrost change and its impacts on alpine ecosystems in the permafrost region between the Kunlun Mountains and the Tanggula Range of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are studied in this paper. The results showed that the per- mafrost changes have a different influence on different alpine ecosystems. With the increase in the thickness of active layer, the vegetation cover and biomass of the alpine cold meadow exhibit a significant conic reduction, the soil organic matter content of the alpine cold meadow ecosystem shows an exponential decrease, and the surface soil materials become coarse and gravelly. The alpine cold steppe ecosystem, however, seems to have a relatively weak relation to the permafrost environment. Those relationships resulted in the fact that the distribution area of alpine cold meadow decreased by 7.98% and alpine cold swamp decreased by 2..11% under the permafrost environment degradation during recent 15 years. In the future 50 years the alpine cold meadow ecosystems in different geomorphologic units may have different responses to the changes of the permafrost under different climate warming conditions, among them the alpine cold meadow and swamp ecosystem located in the low mountain and plateau area will have a relatively

关键词： permafrost environment, alpine cold ecosystem, statistics relationship, climate change, impacts, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Impact of land-use change on hydrological processes in the Maying River basin, china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第10期49卷 1098-1110页

作者： WANG Genxu1,3, ZHANG Yu2. LIU Guimin2.& CHEN Lin3 1. institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, china 2. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering {2. institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, lanzhou 730000, china 3. Resource and Environment School, lanzhou University, lanzhou 730000, china 1. institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China 3. Resource and Environment School Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China 2. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering research institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China

Since the 1960s, dramatic changes have taken place in land-use patterns characterized by the persistent expansion of cultivated land and a continuous decrease in natural woodland and grassland in the arid inland river basins of china. It is very important to assess the effects of such land-use changes on the hydrological processes so vital for water resource management and sustainable development on the catchment scale. The Maying River catchment, a typical arid inland watershed located in the middle of the Hexi Corridor in northwest china, was the site chosen to investigate the hydrological responses to land-use changes. The annual runoff, base flow, maximum peak flow, and typical seasonal runoff in both spring and autumn flood periods were selected as the variables in the hydrological processes. Statistical-trend analysis and curvilinear regression were utilized to detect the trends in hydrological variables while eliminating the climatic influence. The relationship between cultivated land-use and hydrological variables was analyzed based on four periods of land-use variation data collected since 1965. A runoff model was established composed of two factors, i.e., cultivated land use and precipitation. The impact of land use changes, especially in the large ar- eas of upstream woodland and grassland turned into cultivated lands since 1967, has resulted in a mean annual runoff decrease of 2..12., a base flow decline of 35.32., a drop in the maximum peak discharge of 35.77%, and mean discharge decreases in spring and autumn of 36.05% and 2..87% respectively, of which the contribution of cultivated land expansion to the influence of annual runoff amounts to 77%-80%, with the contribution to the influence of spring discharge being 73%-81%, and that to the influence of base flow reaching 62.-65%. Thus, a rational regulation policy of land use patterns is vitally important to the sustainable use of water resources and the proper development of the entire catchment.

关键词： land-use change, arid inland river catchment, hydrological process, impact, Maying River.

Leaping prediction oftwo big earthquakes MS>7 in 1996～1997

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Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition) 1998年第6期11卷 117-119页

作者： ZENG JIAN GUO earthquake research {2. of lanzhou, china Seismological Bureau, lanzhou 730000, china 1. earthquake research {2. of lanzhou China Seismological Bureau 730000 Lanzhou China

ｎ１９９１，ｗｅｆｏｕｎｄｈｉｓｔｏｒｉｃａｌｂｉｇｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅａｃｔｉｖｉｔｉｅｓａｌｏｎｇｔｈｅｌａｔｉｔｕｄｅｌｉｎｅｏｆ３５°ｉｎＣｈｉｎａｈａｖｅａｐｅｒｉｏｄｏｆ６０ｙｅａｒｓａｎｄｉｔｓｍｕｌｔ... 详细信息

ｎ１９９１，ｗｅｆｏｕｎｄｈｉｓｔｏｒｉｃａｌｂｉｇｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅａｃｔｉｖｉｔｉｅｓａｌｏｎｇｔｈｅｌａｔｉｔｕｄｅｌｉｎｅｏｆ３５°ｉｎＣｈｉｎａｈａｖｅａｐｅｒｉｏｄｏｆ６０ｙｅａｒｓａｎｄｉｔｓｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｅ，ｔｈｅｅｐｉｃｅｎｔｅｒ...

关键词： leaping prediction latitude line of 35° big earthquake inter sective region

Effects of sunspot cycle length and CO_2.on air temperature along Qinghai-Xizang railway and air temperature's trend prediction

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第z1期47卷 131-141页

作者： LI Dongliang, QUO Hui, WANG Wen & WEI LiCold & Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering research institute, Chinese Academy of Science,{2., china Department of Atmospheric Sciences, lanzhou University,{2., china 1. Cold & Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering research institute Chinese Academy of Science 730000 Lanzhou China2. Department of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou University 730000 Lanzhou China

There are well coherences between annual averaged air temperatures at every meteorological station along the Qinghai-Xizang railway, and its 10-year moving average correlation coefficient is 0.92. Thus, the regional averaged annual mean temperature series along the Qinghai-Xizang railway (Trw) from 1935 to 2.00 are constructed. The investigation is suggested that: Trw had significant responses to the 5-year lagged sunspot cycle length (SCL) and 15-year lagged concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2., and the correlation coefficients between them are -0.76 (SCL) and 0.88 (CO2., respectively. The future SCL is predicted by the model of average generated function constructed with its main cycles of 76a, 93a, 108a, 2.5a and 2.5a. The result shows that the SCL would be becoming longer in the first half of the 2.st century, and then it could be becoming shorter in the second half of the 2.st century. Based on the natural change of SCL and the effect of double CO2.concentration, Trw in the 2.st century is forecasted. It could warm up about 0.50℃ in the first half of the 2.st century compared with the last decade of last century. The mean maximum air temperature could be likely about 0.2.℃ in July and from 0.40℃ to 1.10℃ in January. The annual air temperature difference would likely reduce 0.3-1.00℃. The probability of above predictions ranges from 0.64 to 0.73.

关键词： Qinghai-Xizang railway, annual mean air temperature, sunspot cycle length (SCL), atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration (CO2., prediction.

Vertical quantitative and dominant population distribution of the bacteria isolated from the Muztagata ice core

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1728-1739页

作者： XIANG Shurong1, YAO Tandong1, 2. AN Lizhe1, 3, WU Guangjian2. XU Baiqing2. MA Xiaojun 3, LI Zhen1, WANG Junxia1 & YU Wusheng1 1. Key Laboratory of Ice Core and Cold Regions Environment, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering research institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences,{2., china 2. institute of Tibetan Plateau research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, china 3. College of Life Science, lanzhou University,{2., china Key Laboratory of Ice Core and Cold Regions Environment Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China institute of Tibetan Plateau research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing{2. College of Life Science lanzhou University lanzhou{2.

Vertical distribution of the main bacteria isolated from the Muztagata ice core (about 2..4 m) was investigated by means of cultivation and 16S rRNA sequence analysis. The results showed that the amount of culturable bacteria fluctuated with ice core depth, and was more in dirty layer than in clean ice, which suggested the close corresponding relationship between high input of the bacteria deposited by wind and snowflow and dirty layer. Most of the bacteria were psychrophiles and psychrotolerants, including α- and γ-proteobacteria, Cryobacterium psychro-philum, CFB (Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides) group, high-G+C gram-positive bacteria (HGC). Acinetobacter sp. and HGC repeatly occurred in different ice depths, and their quantita-tive distribution was consistent with the change of the total amount of culturable bacteria with depth, which suggested the main bio-indicator; while Flavobacterium, Cryobacterium psychro-philum, and α-proteobacteria, also functioned as a secondary indicator of climatic and environ-mental changes. This study is the first report concerning continuous quantitative variation and pattern of the main culturable bacteria in ice core section.

关键词： Pamirs Plateau, ice core, pattern of bacteria, bio-indicator.