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Isotopic compositions of small shelly fossil Anabarites from Lower Cambrian in Yangtze Platform of South China: Implications for palaeocean temperature

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第10期17卷 1185-1191页

作者： Chen Yongquan1,2. Jiang Shaoyong1, Ling Hongfei1, Yang Jinghong1 and Wan Defan3.1. State Key Laboatory for Mineral Deposits research and center for Marine Geochemistry research, Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 2.0093. China 2. Tarim Oilfield Company Exploration & {3. research Institute, Ku’erle 841000, China 3. Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of geological Sciences, beijing 10003., China) State Key Laboatory for Mineral Deposits research and center for Marine Geochemistry research Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China arim Oilfield Company Exploration & development research Institute Ku’erle 841000 China Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China

Anabarites belong to small shelly fossils (SSF), which occur widely in the Lower Cambrian strata of Yangtze Platform in South China. They are phosphate shell in composition and represent the earliest stage of the Cambrian bioradiation of Bilateria, the so-called "Cambrian Explosion". In this study, we attempted to separate Anabarites fossils from Lower Cambrian dolostones, and we obtained samples of both the fossils (SSF) and the granular phosphates (GP). Isotopic analyses were performed on samples of SSF, GP, and matrix dolostone (DH-2.). The results showed that the δ3.Si values of the quartz filling in fossils celoms, and the siliceous materials in granular phosphates are -0.6‰ and -0.7‰, which is different from normal sedimentary siliceous rocks from the Lower Cambrian strata (0—0.7‰) as reported by Li et al., but is consistent with the data for siliceous rocks and cherts of submarine hydrothermal origin. It is likely that a later hydrothermal replacement could have taken place in the SSF-bearing sedimentary rocks. The oxygen isotope values of the phosphate of SSF and GP are 16.8‰ and 17.0‰, respectively. These are significantly higher than the Neoproterozoic phosphate ores (10.9‰—13.9‰) as reported by Ling et al., hence, late diagenesis and hydrothermal replacement may not have caused a significant change in the oxygen isotope compositions of the small shelly fossils, and the calculated temperatures (2..4—2..3.) for palaeo-seawater using a SSF phosphate oxygen isotope thermometer are therefore considered here as the upper limit of seawater temperature in the Early Cambrian ocean of the Yangtze Platform.

关键词： Anabarites oxygen isotope silicon isotope paleo-temperature.

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Petrogenesis of Songshugou dunite body in the Qinling orogenic belt, Central China: Constraints from geochemistry and melt inclusions

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第8期48卷 1146-1157页

作者： SU Li1,2. SONG Shuguang3.& ZHOU Dingwu1 1. Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics of the Ministry of Education, Department of Geology, Northwestern University, Xi’an 710069, China 2. The geological Lab {3., China University of Geosciences ({2.), {2. 100083. China 3. Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts of the Ministry of Education, Department of Geology, Peking University, {2. 100871, China 1. Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics of the Ministry of Education Department of Geology Northwestern University 710069 Xi’an China 2. The geological Lab center China University of Geosciences 100083 (Beijing)Beijing China 3. Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts of the Ministry of Education Department of Geology Peking University 100871 Beijing China

The Songshugou dunite body, which occupies an area of about 2. km2. is the largest ultramafic massif in the eastern Qinling orogenic belt, Central China. The major compo-nent of this body is dunitic rocks including mylonitic dunite and coarse-grained dunite; they oc-cupy about 95 vol% of the total body. Petrography, mineral composition, major and trace ele-ments and primitive melt inclusions have been investigated in this paper; all revealed that this dunite body is the product of melt-rock interaction by porous percolation flow. In comparison with dunite sills or veins in harzburgite from the basal part of Oman ophiolite, this dunite body is characterized by lower contents of Al2.3. CaO and HREE but higher content of highly incom-patible elements and Zr and Hf. The LREE enriched patterns and primitive mantle normalized spidergrams of trace elements are also different from the Oman dunite. Combining with melt in-clusions observed in olivines, we conclude that this dunite body is the product of large- scale porous percolation flow of high-MgO melts within depleted mantle peridotites. The high-MgO magma, in essence, was most probably produced at the hot head of an upwelling mantle plume. The occurrence of the Songshugou dunite body is closely associated with the activity of mantle super-plume in Neo-Proterozoic era in the Yangtze Craton.

关键词： Songshugou dunite body, geochemistry, melt inclusion, mantle plume, Qinling orogenic belt.

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Lithosphere types in North China:Evidence from geology and geophysics

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 1809-1827页

作者： QIU Ruizhao1,2. DENG Jinfu3. ZHOU Su3. LI Jinfa4, XIAO Qinghui1,5, WU Zongxu6 & LIU Cui3.1. Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of geological Sciences, beijing 10003., China {2., China geological survey, beijing 10003., China 3. China University of Geosciences, beijing 100083. China 4. China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 43.074, China 5. Information center of Ministry of Land and Resources, beijing 100812. China 6. Institute of Geology, State Seismological Bureau, beijing 10002., China 1. Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 100037 Beijing China 2. development and research center China Geological Survey 100037 Beijing China 3. China University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China 4. China University of Geosciences 430074 Wuhan China 5. Information center of Ministry of Land and Resources 100812 Beijing China 6. Institute of Geology State Seismological Bureau 100029 Beijing China

On the basis of the characteristics of geology and geophysics in North China, three types of lithosphere, namely, the cratonic, the orogenic and the rift lithospheres can be classified. In terms of petrological method (based on the information from Precambrian rock assemblages, igneous activities, deep-seated enclaves, etc.) and the relationship between seismic velocity and rock compositions, the crust-mantle petrological and chemical structure models can be set up. researching results indicate that the geology and geophysics of North China platform bears the similar characteristics in comparison with those of the global typical cratons. The Eerduosi(Ordos) block located in the west of the North China Platform is a remnant of cratonic lithosphere after the North China platform had undergone “activation” in Mesozoic and “reconstruction” in Cenozoic times. The continental crust consists mainly of TTG rock assemblage while the subcontinental lithosphere mantle mainly consists of strongly depleted harzburgite. The craton was finally formed in late Archaean and early Proterozoic, and has been kept in stability up to present; its crustal-mantle petrological structures of lithosphere can be set up as a reference for the study of North China craton and even Sino-Korean craton. In the Mesozoic period, the middle and east areas of North China platform were activated in the Yanshanian orogenic process, the continental crust was reformed by material and heat-transfer of convective mantle and the original crustal TTG component was reconstructed to be granitic crust, and the subcontinental lithosphere man- tle was replaced by the Yanshanian harzburgite-lherzolite. The Yanshan-Taihang Mountains were the remnants of orogenic lithosphere after the rifting in eastern North China in Cenozoic. The present thickness of continental crust and lithosphere in the Yanshan-Taihang Mountains is not equal to their thickness during the Yanshanian orogenic movement because they had undergone the

关键词： lithospheric types,evidence of geology and geophysics,crust-mantle petrological structure,deep process

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Southeastern extension of the Red River fault zone (RRFZ) and its tectonic evolution significance in western South China Sea

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第8期49卷 839-850页

作者： LIU Baoming1,2.3. XIA Bin1, LI Xuxuan1,3. ZHANG Minqiang1,3. NIU Binhua2. ZHONG Lifeng1, JIN Qinghuan1,4 & JI Shaocheng1,5 1. Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640, China 2. China University of Geosciences ({3.), {3. 100083. China 3. {2. {3. of Science & Technology Department, CNOOC, {3. 10002., China 4. Guangzhou Marine geological survey, Ministry of Land & Resources, Guangzhou 510075, China 5. Ecole Polytechnique Montreal, H3.3.7, Canada 1. Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China 2. China University of Geosciences (beijing) Beijing 100083 China 3. research center of Science & Technology Department CNOOC Beijing 100027 China 4. Guangzhou Marine geological survey Ministry of Land & Resources Guangzhou 510075 China 5. Ecole Polytechnique Montreal H3C3A7 Canada

Recent geophysical surveys and basin modeling suggest that the No.1 fault in the Ying- gehai basin (YGHB) is the seaward elongation of the Red River fault zone (RRFZ) in the South China Sea (SCS). The RRFZ, which separates the South China and Indochina block, extends first along the Yuedong fault, offshore of Vietnam, and then continues southward and breaks off into two branches: the Lupar fault and the Tinjia fault. The southern extension of the Lupar fault dies out beneath the NW Borneo while the Tinjia fault extends southeast and reaches the Brunei-Sabah area. According to the gravity and geomagnetic data, and the tectonic evolution of the basins, there are different evolution histories between the Wan’an basin (WAB) and the basins in the Nansha block. The Tinjia fault may be the boundary between the Balingian block and the Nansha block. Hence, the line linking the Yue- dong fault and the Tinjia fault, which both are continental margin faults and strike-slip ones in the geological evolution histories, constitute the boundary between the Indochina and Nansha block. The Lupar fault, in contrast, is an intraplate fault within the Indochina block. The results provide new hints for reconstructing the tectonic evolution history of the RRFZ and the opening of the SCS, and also a framework for hydrocarbon prospecting in the region.

关键词： Red River fault zone, tectonic evolution, fault, extension, western South China Sea.

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Age of Yingfeng rapakivi granite pluton on the north flank of Qaidam and its geological significance

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Science China Earth Sciences 2004年第4期47卷 357-365页

作者： XIAO Qinghui1,2. LU Xinxiang1,3. WANG Fei4, SUN Yangui5, WEI Xiangdong3.& XING Zuoyun6 1. Division of Granite Geology, China geological survey, Yichang 443.03. China 2. Information {2. of Ministry of Land and Resources, {3. 100812. China 3. geological survey of Henan Province and Institute of geological research of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450053. China 4. geological Institute, China Seismological Bureau, {3. 10002., China 5. geological survey Institute of Qinghai Province, Xining 81003.0} China 6. China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 43.074, China Division of Granite Geology China Geological Survey Yichang 443003 China Information center of Ministry of Land and Resources Beijing 100812 China geological survey of Henan Province and Institute of geological {3. of Henan Province Zhengzhou 450053 China geological Institute China Seismological Bureau Beijing 100029 China geological survey Institute of Qinghai Province Xining 810032 China China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

The Yingfeng rapakivi granite on the north flank of Qaidam is a newly discovered Proterozoic rapakivi pluton in China, which was found after the discovery of Shachang rapakivi in Miyun County, beijing and Kuandian rapakivi in Jilin Province. Yingfeng rapakivi pluton is ex-posed on the north side of the suture belt between Qinling-Kunlun orogenic belt and North China plate. U-Pb zircon isotopic dating and Ar-Ar isotopic dating of both hornblende and K-feldspar from the Yingfeng rapakivi granite have been conducted. The results show that the age of (1776±3.)Ma at the upper intercept in Concorde diagram represents the age of formation of the plu-ton, whereas the age of (52. 2.1) Ma at the lower intercept and Ar-Ar mineral dating of horn-blende and K-feldspar correspond to the age of a later event affecting the pluton, suggesting that Yingfeng pluton has ever been affected by strong regional Caledonian-Hercynian tectonic movement after its formation. The discovery of middle Proterozoic Yingfeng rapakivi granite pro-vides a petrologic evidence for the timing of cratonization of both the continental crust basement in western China and the basement of the North China plate and for a rifting event taking place in the mid-Proterozoic, suggesting that an amalgamation of ancient China continents had ever happened during the L liang Movement?between the early Proterozoic and the mid-Proterozoic.

关键词： rapakivi, U-Pb dating, Ar-Ar dating, Kunlun-Qinling orogenic belt.

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Re-Os(ICP-MS)dating of the massive sulfide ores from the Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1672-1677页

作者： YANG Gang1,2. DU Andao1, LU Jiren3. QU Wenjun1 & CHEN Jiangfeng2.1. National research {3. of Geoanalysis,{2., China 2. Laboratory for Earth Material Cycling, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 2.002., China 3. Institute of Mineral Resource, Chinese Academy of {3. Sciences,{2., China National research center of Geoanalysis {2. China Laboratory for Earth Material Cycling School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Institute of Mineral Resource Chinese Academy of geological Sciences beijing China

Massive sulfide ore from the Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit was dated by Re-Os technique using Carius Tube digestion, Os distillation, Re extraction by acetone and ICP-MS measurement. An isochron giving an age of 83. ± 3. Ma, initial 187Os/188Os ratio of 0.2.9 ± 0.018 (MSWD = 1.7) and γOs = 13. ± 15 is obtained. The Re-Os age obtained agrees, within analytical uncertainties, with previous SHRIMP zircon U-Pb age of 82. ± 8 Ma (n=5, MSWD = 4.3.. The result suggests that the deposit was formed at Neoproterozoic and that the formation of the Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide deposit may be closely related to the plume activity, which were attributed to the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent. The high γOs of the massive ores sug-gests that crustal material was involved in the formation of the Jinchuan deposit, however, the quantity of the added crustal material is less than 10%.

关键词： Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit, Re-Os dating, ICP-MS.

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Synthesis of GoldMag particles with assembled structure and their applications in immunoassay

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Science China Chemistry 2006年第6期49卷 534-540页

作者： CUI Yali1, ZHANG Lianying1, SU Jing1, ZHANG Caifeng3. LI Qi2. CUI Ting3. JIN Boquan2.& CHEN Chao1,3.1. Biochip research and {3. {2., Northwest University (National Engineering research {2. for Miniaturized Detection System), Xi’an 710069, China 2. Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 71003.0} China 3. Shaanxi Lifegen Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710069, China 1. Biochip research and development {2. Northwest University (National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection System) Xi’an 710069 China 3. Shaanxi Lifegen Co. Ltd. Xi’an 710069 China 2. Department of Immunology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an 710032 China

Micrometer-sized Fe3.4 particles and nano-sized gold particles were first synthesized by methods of self-aggregation of surface-chemically modified Fe3.4 nanoparticles and citrate reduction of the Au3. to Au0, respectively. Interaction between these two types of particles resulted in the assembly of nano-sized gold particles on the surface of the micrometer-sized Fe3.4 particles, forming an assembled structure with the Fe3.4 core particles around which are attached nano-sized gold parti- cles. The Fe3.4/Au structure is named GoldMag particles with assembled structure. The synthetic process, structure, and magnetic property of the GoldMag particles were analyzed. GoldMag particles with assembled structure have an irregular shape, rough surface with a diameter of 2.3.μm. These particles exhibit the superparamagnetic property with saturated magnetization of 41 A·m2.kg. In a single step, antibodies could be readily immobilized onto the surface of the particles with a high binding capacity. The GoldMag particles can be used as a novel carrier in immunoassays. The maximum quantity of human IgG immobilized onto GoldMag particles was 3.0 μg/mg. In order to validate the quality of the GoldMag particles as immunoassay carriers, an immunoassay system was used. The relative amount of immobilized human IgG was measured by HRP-labeled anti human IgG. The coefficient of variation within parallel samples of each group was below 6% and the coefficient of variation of means between five groups carried out separately was below 7%. Based on the sandwich method, the Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were also analyzed by qualitative and quantitative detection, respectively. The result indicated that the GoldMag particles with assembled structure were an ideal carrier in immunoassay.

关键词： GoldMag particles with assembled structure, synthesis, carrier, immunoassay.

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Reconstruction of precipitation variation from tree rings in recent 1000 years in Delingha, Qinghai

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第7期48卷 939-949页

作者： SHAO Xuemei1, HUANG Lei1, LIU Hongbin2. LIANG Eryuan1, FANG Xiuqi3.& WANG Lili1 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, China 2. National Climate {2., beijing 100081, China 3. beijing Normal University, beijing 100875, China Institute of Geographic Sciences Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China National Climate center Beijing 100081 China beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Using seven well-replicated Qilian juniper (Sabina przewalskii Kom.) ring-width chronologies developed at Zongwulong and Shalike Mts. in the northeastern part of the Qaidam Basin annual precipitation from previous July to current June in the recent 1000 years was re- constructed for Delingha. The reconstruction can capture 63.1% of precipitation variance and the equation was stable over time. For the reconstructed precipitation, wet periods occurred in AD152.—163. and 193.—2.01, whereas dry intervals in 142.—1519 and 163.—1741. In ad- dition, the magnitude in precipitation variation was lower before 143. with about 15 mm, but it increased to 3. mm during the period of 143. to 1850. After 1850, the precipitation variance de- creased again. In contrast to the increase in temperature, a decrease in annual precipitation was evident since the 1990s. The agreement in low-frequency variation between the reconstruction and the glacier accumulation and particulate content in Dunde ice cores during the recent several hundred years suggested that the precipitation reconstructed in this study was rather reliable, and represented a regional signal. This 1000-year reconstruction could benefit our understanding of climatic variation in decadal to century-scale in this region, and provide basic data to climate models and to prediction of future climate in the 2.st century.

关键词： northeastern part of the Qaidam Basin tree-ring width series of Qilian juniper precipitation reconstruction in 1000 years.

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Discovery of Cu-Zn,Cu-Sn intermetallic minerals and its significance for genesis of the Mianning-Dechang REE Metallogenic Belt,Sichuan Province,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第6期49卷 597-603页

作者： XIE Yuling1, HOU Zengqian2. XU Jiuhua1, YUAN Zhongxin2. BAI Ge2.& LI Xiaoyu3.1. Civil and Environmental Engineering School, University of Science and Technology {3., {3. 100083. China 2. Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of {2. Sciences,{3., China 3. The 109th {2. Team, Sichuan Bureau of Mineral Exploration, Chengdu 610100, China 1. Civil and Environmental Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China 2. Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China 3. The 109th geological Team Sichuan Bureau of Mineral Exploration Chengdu 610100 China

Mianning-Dechang Himalayan REE Metallogenetic Belt in Sichuan Province lies along the western margin of the Yangtze Craton. We have conducted detailed mineralogical studies on ore minerals collected from Maoniuping and Dalucao, the two largest deposits in the belt. With optical microscope, SEM/EDS, and EPMA, three rare intermetallic minerals, i.e., zinccopperite (Cu2.n), Sn- bearing native copper, and Cu-bearing jupiter were found to occur in the main ore along with barite, fluorite, apatite, sulfide and bastnaesite. Since the conditions under which zinccopperite and Sn- bearing native copper formed are quite unique, finding of these minerals, for the first time in domestic REE deposits, has significant implications for the genesis of the ore deposits in which they occur. In comparison with Cu-Zn intermetallic minerals in other occurrences, we propose that the formation of this REE metallogenetic belt is associated with fast upwelling of the Himalayan magma from deep source.

关键词： Mianning-Dechang REE metallogenetic belt, Cu-bearing intermetallic minerals, EPMA, genesis significance, deep source magmatic activity.

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U-Pb dating of zircon from the bed parallel anatectic granitic intrusion in the Baoban group in Hainan Island and the tectonic implication

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第12期48卷 2092-2103页

作者： DING Shijiang1, HU Jianmin2. SONG Biao3.4, CHEN Mulun1, XIE Shengzhou1 & FAN Yuan1 1. geological surveying Institute of Hainan, Haikou 5702.6, China 2. Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of geological Sciences, {3. 100081, China 3. {3. center of SHRIMP, beijing 10003., China 4. Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of geological Sciences, beijing 10003., China 1. geological surveying Institute of Hainan 570206 Haikou China 2. Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 100081 Beijing China 3. beijing center of SHRIMP 100037 Beijing China 4. Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 100037 Beijing China

The petrological and geochemical features of the bed parallel granitic intrusion in the Pre-Cambrian Baoban group in Hainan Island attest to the anatexis origin of the granites. U-Pb dating analyses of zircons from the anatectic granite and the biotite two-feldspar gneiss in the Baoban group, using SHRIMP II in the beijing Ion-probe center, acquire 2.6Pb/2.8U ages of 3.8±3.5 Ma (of granite, 95% confidence level, MSDW=1.2.) and 3.2.9±6.1 Ma (of gneiss, 95% confidence level, MSDW = 2.04) respectively. The two late Devonian ages indicate consistently a tectonic- thermal event experienced in Hainan Island, and are the first discovered record of the Devonian {2. process in the district. This event possibly resulted from the deep ther-mal-dynamic process when the Gondwana continent began to break up in the Devonian period.

关键词： Hainan Island, Devonian period, anatectic granite, zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating.

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