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Episodic Carbonate Deposits on the Triassic Continental Slope in Southern china

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1999年第1期73卷 93-103,129页

作者： Bao Zhidong department of geosciences,{2. of petroleum,Changping District, beijing,102200 department of geosciences University of Petroleum Changping District Beijing 102200

Abstract Episodic carbonate deposits on the Triassic continental slope in southern china are mainly composed of gravity-flow limestones and contourite limestones. Gravity-flow limestones were well developed in the lower and middle Yangtze area in the Early Triassic and in the Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi area in the Early and Middle Triassic. Five fundamental types of gravity-flow limestones are recognized: slide limestone, debris-flow limestone, grain-flow limestone, turbidite limestone and rockfall limestone. They form six types of assemblage beds: slide-debris-flow limestones, slide-debris-flow-turbidite limestone, slide-debris-flow-grain-flow-turbidite limestone, rockfall-debris-flow limestone, debris-flow-turbidite limestone, and debris-flow-grain-flow-turbidite limestone. The first two were formed mainly in the Early Triassic slopes. The Middle Triassic slopes were characterized by widespread rockfall limestone. Growth faults, storms, earthquakes and oversteepened slopes are considered to be the probable triggers of the gravity flows.

关键词： continental slope episodic deposition gravity flow contour current Triassic southern china

In situ reproductive organs of Early Cretaceous ferns from Northeast china

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第23期42卷 1977-1980,2026页

作者： DENG Shenghui and CHEN Fen1. Research Institute of petroleum and Development, beijing 100083 2.{2. university of geosciences, beijing 100083,{2. Research Institute of petroleum and Development Beijing china university of {2. Beijing China

FILICOPSIDA is a predominant group of the Early Cretaceous floras of Northeast china, whichapproximates 100 species and accounts for more than one third of the floras. The majority ofthis group are of great importance and significance in stratigraphy. The previous studies ofthese ferns are mainly morphological, with only a few concerning the in situ spores andsporangia. In recent years. the authors have carried out a research project on the in situreproductive organs of the Early Cretaceous ferns from/ basins of Inner Mongolia, Liaoning,Jilin and Heilongjiang of Northeast china. The study focuses on 35 species of 17 genera be-longing to 10 families. The present note briefly introduces the results of this study by listingsome representative species.

关键词： Northeast china Early Cretaceous Filicopsida in situ reproductive organs.

Restoration of eroded stratal thickness in key periods of tectonic change in a multi-stage superimposed Tarim Basin in china

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2012年第2期1卷 149-171页

作者： Liu Hao1, Wang Yingmin2.1. School of Marine Sciences, china university of {2. (beijing), beijing 100083, china 2. School of {2., china university of petroleum (beijing), beijing 102.49, china School of Marine Sciences China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 China School of geosciences China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Beijing 102249 China

With an area of 56×104km2. the Tarim Basin is the largest inland basin in china and is also generally acknowledged as one of the most important areas for potential oil and gas exploration. On the basis of data from 2. regional seismic profiles and 40 drilling wells, 15 important first-order and second-order regional unconformities were *** all the main unconformities are superimposed unconfomities. Since the Cambrian, 5 key periods of tectonic change have occurred during the evolution of the Tarim Basin. The total eroded stratal thickness of the above-mentioned unconformities was calculated by using the method of virtual extrapolation of seismic reflection. The results indicate that the total eroded stratal thickness of different periods is quite different in different locations of the basin. Taking the Upper-Middle Ordovician as an example, its thickness restoration of eroded strata was calculated into individual stages i.e. its thickness restoration of eroded strata was calculated to different tectonic periods. Otherwise, as for the specific period of tectonic change, the underlying strata were, respectively eroded and thus the thickness restoration of eroded strata was calculated into individual intervals. Taking the Early Hercynian period as an example, the eroded stratal thickness was calculated into individual intervals to calculate the ratio of intervals of various ages occupying the total eroded thickness. The results show that for the same stratum, its degree of erosion is quite different in different periods and at different locations, due to the varying influence of tectonic movement. The unconformities of some key periods of tectonic change have different controls on the degree of erosion and the eroded range of the individual period of the underlying strata which are the typical characteristics of multi-stage superimposition of unconformities in the Tarim Basin.

关键词： Tarim Basin extrapolation of virtual surface key period of tectonic change superimposed unconformity restoration of eroded stratal thickness

Particle tunnels across the horizon of Garfinkle-Horowitz-Strominger dilaton black hole

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2007年第5期50卷 601-610页

作者： FANG HengZhong1 & ZHAO Zheng2.1 department of Physics, china {2. of petroleum, Dongying 2.7061, china 2.department of Physics, beijing Normal {2., beijing 100875, china department of Physics China University of Petroleum Dongying 257061 China department of Physics Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

We promote the work of Parikh and Wilczek on the black hole radiation to the emission of massive and charged particles from Garfinkle-Horowitz-Strominger black hole. The energy and charge of the space-time are conservational during the course of the evaporation. The calculation shows that the emission spectrum is not precisely thermal, while has a correction, and the conclusion supports the view- point of information conservation.

关键词： Hawking radiation, black body spectrum, barrier, information loss, entropy of black hole, Komar energy

Wave coupling between the Tianshan orogen and the deformations in its south and north foreland basins in Cenozoic

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 61-69页

作者： CHEN ShuPing1,2.TANG LiangJie & YU YiXin1,2.1 State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting,china {2. of petroleum,beijing 102.49,china 2.department of Geoscience,china {2. of petroleum,beijing 102.49,china china Univ Petr State Key Lab Petr Resource & Prospecting Beijing 102249 Peoples R China china Univ Petr Dept Geosci Beijing 102249 Peoples R China

Attention has been paid to the deformations in the south and north foreland basins of the Tianshan Mountains and their relations to the tectonic movements of the mountains. Based on the seismic data interpretation and field work,the tectonic features,tectonic styles,controlling factors of deformation,deformation time,and their relationships in the three tectonic units were comparably studied. The Ce-nozoic deformations in the two foreland basins were characterized by zonation from south to north,segmentation from west to east,and layering from deep to shallow. The tectonic styles are compres-sive ones,including both basement-involved and cover-detaching. The two foreland basins underwent several times of deformation in Cenozoic and the deformations were transmitted from the Tianshan orogen to the inner basin. The deformation dynamics of the south and north foreland basins of the Tianshan Mountains can be represented by dynamics of orogenic wedges. In terms of the deformations of the wedges with wave-like features,the concept of a wave orogenic wedge was put forward,and a double wave orogenic wedge model was established.

关键词： Tianshan orogen basin-mountain coupling tectonics wave orogenic wedge

Differential retardation of organic matter maturation by overpressure

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第9期47卷 783-793页

作者： HAO Fang1,2. JIANG Jianqun1, ZOU Huayao1, FANG Yong1 & ZENG Zhiping2.1. Key Lab for Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism in the Ministry of Education, petroleum university, beijing 102.49,{2. 2. department of petroleum Geology,{2. university of geosciences, Wuhan 430074,{2. Key Lab for Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism in the Ministry of Education Petroleum University Beijing 102249 China department of petroleum Geology China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

The thermal evolution of organic matter (OM) is composed of a series of reactions that are paralell and successive with each other. Different reactions have different activation energy, different rates of product concentration variation, and different volume expansion effects, and therefore have different responses to overpressure, which determines the differential retardation of different OM maturation reactions and maturity parameters. Based upon comprehensive studies on the OM maturation in different pressure systems in the Yinggehai, Qiongdongnan and Bohai Bay basins, 4 hierarchies of overpressure retardation have been recognized. (1) OM maturation in all aspects has been retarded by overpressure. (2. The thermal evolution of hydrocarbons and thermal degradation of hydrogen-rich kerogens has been retarded, but the thermal evolution of hydrogen-poor kerogen components has not been affected by overpressure. As a result, vitrinite reflectance has not been retarded. (3) The thermal cracking of hydrocarbons has been retarded, yet overpressure has had little or no effect on thermal degradation of kerogens. (4) Overpressure has no detectable effect on all aspects of OM maturation. The hierarchy that overpressure has retarded all aspects of OM maturation is the combined result of early overpressure (overpressure began to develop when the source rock was still immature) and the protracted maintenances of closed fluid system. Any case that overpressure had developed too late, or overpressure was too small to reach the threshold values, or overpressured fluid had been frequently released, could give rise to the occurrence of state 4 that overpressure had no detectable effect on all aspects of OM maturation. It seems that in many basins, overpressure retardation of hierarchies 2.and 3 developed where the most commonly used maturity parameter, vitrinite reflectance, had not been affected. In theses cases, multiple parameters must be used to distinguish overpressure retardati

关键词： overpressure, organic matter maturation, hydrocarbon generation, differential retardation.

Structural characteristics of the Tan-Lu fault zone in Cenozoic basins offshore the Bohai Sea

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 20-31页

作者： QI JiaFu1,2.ZHOU XinHuai3,DENG RongJing4 & ZHANG KeXin2.1 State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting,china{2.,beijing 102.49,china 2.department of Earth Sciences,china{2.,beijing 102200,china 3 Tianjin Branch of CNOOC china Limited,Tianjin 300451,china 4 beijing Research Center of CNOOC china Limited,beijing10002.,china china Petr Univ State Key Lab Petr Resource & Prospecting Beijing 102249 Peoples R China china Petr Univ Dept Earth Sci Beijing 102200 Peoples R China CNOOC china Ltd Tianjin Branch Tianjin 300451 Peoples R China CNOOC china Ltd Beijing Res Ctr Beijing 100027 Peoples R China

The Tan-Lu fault zone across the eastern margin of the Cenozoic basins offshore the Bohai Sea is a NNE-trending right-lateral strike-slip fault system developed in the Cenozoic basin cover. It cuts through NE-to NNE-striking major extensional faults that controlled the formation of Paleogene basins. Recent petroleum exploration indicates that Cenozoic structural activities of the Tan-Lu fault system have directly or indirectly affected oil and gas distribution offshore the Bohai Sea. As part of a deep fault zone the Tan-Lu fault zone has been activated since the Oligocene,and obviously affected the tectonic evolution of offshore Bohai basins since then. The formation of Paleogene rift basins offshore the Bohai Sea has utilized the pre-existing structural elements of the Tan-Lu fault zone that developed in the late Mesozoic.

关键词： strike-slip fault extensional structure Tan-Lu fault zone Bohaiwan basin

Petrogenesis of Songshugou dunite body in the Qinling orogenic belt, Central china: Constraints from geochemistry and melt inclusions

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第8期48卷 1146-1157页

作者： SU Li1,2. SONG Shuguang3 & ZHOU Dingwu1 1. Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics of the Ministry of Education, department of Geology, Northwestern university, Xi’an 710069,{2. 2. The Geological Lab Center,{2. university of geosciences (beijing), beijing 100083,{2. 3. Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts of the Ministry of Education, department of Geology, Peking university, beijing 100871,{2. 1. Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics of the Ministry of Education Department of Geology Northwestern University 710069 Xi’an China 2. The Geological Lab Center China University of Geosciences 100083 (Beijing)Beijing China 3. Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts of the Ministry of Education Department of Geology Peking University 100871 Beijing China

The Songshugou dunite body, which occupies an area of about 2. km2. is the largest ultramafic massif in the eastern Qinling orogenic belt, Central china. The major compo-nent of this body is dunitic rocks including mylonitic dunite and coarse-grained dunite; they oc-cupy about 95 vol% of the total body. Petrography, mineral composition, major and trace ele-ments and primitive melt inclusions have been investigated in this paper; all revealed that this dunite body is the product of melt-rock interaction by porous percolation flow. In comparison with dunite sills or veins in harzburgite from the basal part of Oman ophiolite, this dunite body is characterized by lower contents of Al2.3, CaO and HREE but higher content of highly incom-patible elements and Zr and Hf. The LREE enriched patterns and primitive mantle normalized spidergrams of trace elements are also different from the Oman dunite. Combining with melt in-clusions observed in olivines, we conclude that this dunite body is the product of large- scale porous percolation flow of high-MgO melts within depleted mantle peridotites. The high-MgO magma, in essence, was most probably produced at the hot head of an upwelling mantle plume. The occurrence of the Songshugou dunite body is closely associated with the activity of mantle super-plume in Neo-Proterozoic era in the Yangtze Craton.

关键词： Songshugou dunite body, geochemistry, melt inclusion, mantle plume, Qinling orogenic belt.

Dehydration melting of solid amphibolite at 2.0 GPa: Effects of time and temperature

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第8期48卷 1120-1133页

作者： ZHOU Wenge1, XIE Hongsen1, LIU Yonggang1, ZHENG Xiaogang1, ZHAO Zhidan2.& ZHOU Hui3 1. Laboratory of Material in the Earth’s Interior, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002. china 2. department of Geology, china university of geosciences, beijing 100083, china 3. department of Geology, Peking university, beijing 100871, china 1. Laboratory of Material in the Earth’s Interior Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 550002 Guiyang China 2. department of Geology China University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China 3. department of Geology Peking University 100871 Beijing China

Two sets of dehydration-melting with a natural solid amphibolite, collected from North Himalayan structure zone, Tibet, have been carried out in multi-anvil apparatus at 2.0 GPa and 800―1000℃, for 12.2.0 h. One is keeping the pressure at 2.0 GPa and the annealing time of 12.h, changing the temperature (800―1000℃). The other is keeping the pressure at 2.0 GPa and temperature at 850℃, varying the annealing time (12.2.0 h). The products are inspected with microscope and electron probe. The results indicate that at 2.0 GPa, annealing time of 12.h, garnets, melts and clinopyroxenes occur in amphibolite gradually with increasing temperature and the chemical compositions of melt vary from tonalite to granodiorite, and then to tonalite. However, at 2.0 GPa and 850℃, with the annealing time increasing, the garnets, melts and cli-nopyroxenes also occur in amphibolite gradually and the chemical compositions of melt vary from tonalite to granodiorite. In both cases, melts interconnect with each other when the contents of melt are over the 5 vol.%. the viscosities of the melt produced in amphibolite at temperature higher than 850℃ are on a level with 104 Pa·s. The interconnected melt with such a viscosity may segregate from the source rock and form the magma over reasonable geological time. Therefore, it is believed that at the lower part of the overthickened crust, the tonlitic and grano-dioritic magma may be generated through the dehydration melting of amphibolite.

关键词： solid amphibolite, high pressure, high temperature, time, partial melting.