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Interannual variability of Antarctic Oscillation and its influence on East Asian climate during boreal winter and spring

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Science China Earth sciences 2006年第5期49卷 554-560页

作者： FAN Ke1,2.3 & WANG Huijun2.1. Nansen-Zhu International Research Center, Institute of atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 10002., China 2. {2. of atmospheric Science,{4., kunming 650091, China 3. Graduate university of the Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 10004., China Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China department of atmospheric Science Yunnan University Kunming China Graduate university of the Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing China

The interannual variability of Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) and its influence on East Asian climate during both boreal winter and spring are addressed. The results show that the positive AAO anomaly decreases the cold activity over East Asia during both boreal winter and spring. AAO-related barotropic meridional teleconnection from Antarctic to Arctic is found through analysis of mean me- ridional circulations. This meridional teleconnection is remarkable over Eurasia during boreal winter and over the Pacific Ocean during boreal spring. The results also show that zonal mean zonal wind at high latitudes in Southern Hemisphere has well positive correlation with that of Eurasia during boreal winter and has negative correlation with Pacific North American teleconnection (PNA) during boreal spring, which again display the meridional teleconnection. Thus, local meridional teleconnection is a possible linkage for interaction of circulations at mid-high latitudes between both hemispheres.

关键词： Antarctic Oscillation, Eurasian west wind, meridional teleconnection, mean meridional circulation.

North Pacific sea ice cover, a predictor for the Western North Pacific typhoon frequency?

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Science China Earth sciences 2007年第8期50卷 1251-1257页

作者： FAN Ke Institute of atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 10002., China {2. of atmospheric Science, Yun-nan {4., kunming 650091, China Institute of atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China department of atmospheric Science Yunnan University Kunming China

The relationship between the sea ice cover in the North Pacific and the typhoon frequency has been studied in this paper. It follows that the index for the sea ice cover in the North Pacific (ISA) both in December-January-February (DJF) and in March-April-May (MAM) is negatively correlated with annual typhoon number over the western North Pacific (TNWNP) during 1965―2.04. with correlation coeffi-cients of -0.4.0}and -0.4. respectively (above 99% significant level). Large sea ice cover in the North Pacific tends to decrease TNWNP. Positive ISA (MAM) is associated with the tropical circulation and SST anomalies in the North Pacific, which may lead to unfavorable dynamic and thermal conditions for typhoon genesis over WNP from June to October (JJASO). The variability of the atmospheric circula-tion over the North Pacific, associated with the ISA anomaly in MAM is connected to the tropical at-mospheric circulation variability in MAM via the teleconnection wave train. Besides, as the tropical circulation has strong seasonal persistency from the MAM to JJASO, thus, the ISA in MAM-related variability of the tropical atmospheric circulation as well as the SST can affect the typhoon activity over the western North Pacific.

关键词： typhoon sea ice cover North Pacific teleconnection

Estimating surface evapotranspiration using combined MODIS and CBERS-02.data

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Science China(Technological sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 145-160页

作者： XIN Xiaozhou1,2. LIU Qinhuo1, TANG Yong1,3, TIAN Guoliang1, GU Xingfa1, LI Xiaowen1,2. ZHENG Hongsheng4.& CHEN Jiayi4.1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100101, China 2. Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS, {4. of Geography, Beijing Normal {2., Beijing 100875, China 3. Graduate {2. of Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100039, China 4. {4. of atmospheric Physics, Peking {2., Beijing 100871, China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS Department of Geography Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Graduate university Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China department of atmospheric Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Spatial scale error is one of the most serious problems in the estimates of land surface heat fluxes of sensible and latent from satellite-borne data such as MODIS 1km resolution reflectance and emissive data. One of the feasible and economic ways to decrease the spatial scale error is to use high resolution land use class data together with the MODIS data. CBERS-02.data were used to produce land use class of Baiyangdian area, Hebei Province, China in the autumn of 2.04. The area ratio of each class in MODIS pixel was calculated, and used to derive the heat fluxes of the mixed pixel. The results showed that the estimated heat fluxes of soil, sensible and latent have been changed remarkably after using the high resolution land class data. It could be concluded from the comparison between simulated and ground-measured fluxes as well as the theoretical analysis that high resolution land class data are useful to diminishing the scale error of heat fluxes estimated from low resolution satellite data.

关键词： surface evapotranspiration spatial scale error MODIS CBERS land class.

Advancement and prospect of short-term numerical climate prediction

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第18期46卷 1497-1502页

作者： CHOU Jifan & XU Ming1. department of atmospheric {2., Lanzhou university, Lanzhou 730000, China 2. Training Center of Chinese Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China department of atmospheric {2. Lanzhou University Lanzhou China Training Center of Chinese Meteorological Administration Beijing China

The defects of present methods of short-term numerical climate prediction are discussed in this paper, and four challenging problems are put forward. Considering our under developed computer conditions, we should innovate in the approcuch of numerical climate prediction on the basis of our own achievements and experiences in the field of short-term numerical climate prediction. It is possibly an effective way to settle the present defects of short-term numerical climate prediction.

关键词： short-term climate numerical prediction defects innovation.

Variation in transboundary flow of Nujiang River and its correlation with summer monsoon under the effect of the Longitudinal Range-Gorge

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Science Bulletin 2007年第S2期 148-155页

作者： YOU WeiHong~(1+) GUO ZhiRong~(1,2. HE DaMing~3 1 department of atmospheric {2.,School of Resource Environment and Earth Science,{4. {4.,kunming 650091,China 2.department of atmospheric {2.,Nanjing Information Engineering {4.,Nanjing 2.004.,China 3 Asia International Rivers Center,{4. {4.,kunming 650091,China

The relationship between the variations of the Nujiang River transboundary flow and the summer mon- soon activity under the topographical effect of the Longitudinal Range-Gorge（LRG）is *** study is based on statistical analysis of the observed river flow data,and their correlation with the reanalyzed U/V wind fields of the National Centers for Environment Prediction（NCEP）and the National Center for atmospheric Research（NCAR）,and the data of the Outgoing Longwave Radiation（OLR）of the National Oceanic and atmospheric Administration（NOAA）.It is concluded that the transboundary river flow is predominantly concentrated in the wet or rainy season（from May to October）,particularly in the summer or flood season（from June to August）.There is a clear tendency for the transboundary river flow to increase with time since 1970s,particularly apparent since *** to the topographical"east-west barrier and north-south corridor"effects of the LRG,the summer river flow variations are largely correlated with winds of the southerly and northerly at both high and low *** contrast, the river flow variations are apparently correlated wIth winds of the easterly and westerly only at the high altitudes,not at the low *** correlation between the OLR and the river flow varla- tions is also *** relationships are quantitatively described using two summer monsoon indices proposed in this *** index MI2.ncludes both dynamical and thermodynamical effects and givee a generally good representation of the transboundary river flow variations in the LRG region of the Nujiang River *** MI2.epresents stronger summer monsoon activity and higher transboundary river flow,while smaller MI2.uggests weaker monsoon circulation and lower water flow.

关键词： Longitudinal Range-Gorge(LRG) Nujiang River transboundary river flow summer monsoon monsoon index

Effects of salinity on methane gas hydrate system

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Science China Earth sciences 2007年第11期50卷 1733-1745页

作者： YANG DingHui1 & XU WenYue2.1 department of Mathematical sciences, Tsinghua {2., Beijing 100084. China 2.School of Earth & atmospheric sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332. USA department of Mathematical sciences Tsinghua University Beijing China School of Earth & atmospheric sciences Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta USA

Using an approximately analytical formation, we extend the steady state model of the pure methane hydrate system to include the salinity based on the dynamic model of the methane hydrate system. The top and bottom boundaries of the methane hydrate stability zone (MHSZ) and the actual methane hy-drate zone (MHZ), and the top of free gas occurrence are determined by using numerical methods and the new steady state model developed in this paper. Numerical results show that the MHZ thickness becomes thinner with increasing the salinity, and the stability is lowered and the base of the MHSZ is shifted toward the seafloor in the presence of salts. As a result, the thickness of actual hydrate occur-rence becomes thinner compared with that of the pure water case. On the other hand, since lower solubility reduces the amount of gas needed to form methane hydrate, the existence of salts in sea-water can actually promote methane gas hydrate formation in the hydrate stability zone. Numerical modeling also demonstrates that for the salt-water case the presence of methane within the field of methane hydrate stability is not sufficient to ensure the occurrence of gas hydrate, which can only form when the methane concentration dissolved in solution with salts exceeds the local methane solubility in salt water and if the methane flux exceeds a critical value corresponding to the rate of diffusive methane transport. In order to maintain gas hydrate or to form methane gas hydrate in marine sedi-ments, a persistent supplied methane probably from biogenic or thermogenic processes, is required to overcome losses due to diffusion and advection.

关键词： methane gas hydrate,solubility,stability of hydrate,salinity,phase equilibrium

Global analysis theory of climate system and its applications

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第10期48卷 1034-1039页

作者： LI Jianping1,2.& CHOU Jifan2.3 1. LASG, Institute of atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 10002., China {2., Lanzhou university, Lanzhou 730000, China 3. Training Center for China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China department of atmospheric {2. Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China Training Center for China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

The idea and main theoretical results of the global analysis theory of climate system are briefly summarized in this paper. A theorem on the global behavior of climate system is given, i.e. there exists a global attractor in the dynamical equations of climate, any state of climate system will be evolved into the global attractor as time increases, indicating the nonlinear adjustment process of climate system to external forcing. The different effects of external forcing, dissipation and nonlinearity on the long-term behavior of solutions are pointed out, and some main applications of the global analysis theory are also introduced. Especially, three applications, the adjustment and evolution processes of climate, the principle of numerical model design and the optimally numerical integration, are discussed.

关键词：整体分析理论气侯体系应用不定性计算法则气侯科学数字模型

The effects of different sea surface temperature distributions over the western Pacific on the summer monsoon properties

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1993年第4期12卷 535-547页

作者： Qian Yongfu department of atmospheric {2., Nanjing university, Nanjing 2.0008, China Dept. of atmospheric sciences Nanjing Univ. Nanjing 21008 China. China

A modified and improved primitive equation numerical model with p-sigma incorporated vertical coordinates is used to simulate the effects of different sea surface temperature distributions over the western Pacific on the summer monsoon properties. The different sea surface temperature (SST) distributions are automatically generated in the time integrations by using two different SST models, one of which is called the deep ocean model (DOM) and the other the shallow ocean model (SOM). The SST generated by the DOM has the distribution pattern of the initial SST which is similar to the pattern in the cold water years over the western Pacific, while the SST generated by the SOM has the pattern similar to that in the warm water years. The differences between the experimental results by using DOM and SOM are analyzed in detail. The analyses indicate that the most basic and important characteristics of the summer monsoon climate can be simulated successfully in both experiments, that means the climatic properties in the monsoonal climate regions are mainly determined by the seasonal heating, the contrast between the land and the sea, the topography, and the physical properties of the underlying surfaces. However, the differences between the two experiments tell us that the climatic properties in the summer monsoon regions in the cold water year and the warm water year do differ from each other in details. In the warm water year, the thermal contrast between the land and the sea becomes weaker. Over the warm water area, the upward motions are induced and the dynamical conditions favorable for the convective activities are formed, the Somali low-level cross equatorial current is somewhat weakened, while the cross equatorial currents, east of 90°E, are strongly strengthened, the precipitation amount in the tropical regions largely increases, and the precipitation over the coastal regions increases, too. However the precipitation over the southeast China and its coastal area d

关键词： Sea surface temperature anomaly monsoon climate modelling computational models of SST

Modeling the impact of Australian Plate drift on Southern Hemisphere climate and environment

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第14期50卷 1495-1502页

作者： ZHOU Botao1,5, ZHAO Ping2. JIAN Zhimin3 & HE Jinhai4.1. Nansen-Zhu International Research Center, Institute of atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 10002., China 2. Institute of Climate and Environment, Chinese Academy of Meteoro- logical sciences, Beijing 100081, China 3. Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji university, Shanghai 2.0092. China 4. {4. of atmospheric sciences, Nanjing Institute of Meteorol- ogy, Nanjing 2.004., China 5. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100039, China Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing China Institute of Climate and Environment Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing China Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai China department of atmospheric {2. Nanjing Institute of Meteorology Nanjing China

Using a global atmosphere-ocean coupled model with the present-day and 14.MaB.P. oceanic topogra- phy respectively, two experiments are implemented to inves- tigate the effect of different locations of Australian Plate on the atmospheric circulation in middle-high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere. The results show that when Austra- lian Plate lay south at 14.MaB.P., both anticyclone circula- tions in the subtropical oceans and cyclone circulation around 60°-70°S are strengthened. Subtropical highs and circumpolar low pressure appear stronger, which results in much stronger Antarctic Oscillation and shorter period of Antarctic Oscillation Index (AOI) at 14.MaB.P. The rainfall and the surface air temperature also change correspondingly. The precipitation decreases around 4.°S and increases around 60°-70°S, and the surface air temperature rises in high latitudes of the South Pacific and descends over the Weddell Sea and its north side. Besides, due to the changes of the temperatures and winds, Antarctic sea ice coverage also changes with its increasing in the Ross Sea and its west re- gions and decreasing in the Weddell Sea.

关键词：半球气候地球环球澳大利亚漂流物海洋地形学