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Palaeoclimate simulation of Little Ice Age

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2004年第8期 68-76页

作者： LIU Jian 1, CHEN Xing 2. WANG Sumin 1 and ZHENG Yiqun 1 (1. Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of sciences, Nanjing 2.0008, China 2. department of {2. Science, Nanjing university, Nanjing 2.0093, China) Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China department of atmospheric Science Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

Little Ice Age (LIA) is a typical cold climate period in global scope with a profound impact upon human society. In this study, a coupled global atmospheric circulation model including the land processes (AGCM + SSiB) is used to perform the simulation of LIA climate. Under the control of solar radiation reduction mechanism, the decrease of temperature is more obvious in summer than in winter; meanwhile, there is regional difference in the change of winter temperature. But the temperature decrease is the main characteristic of the annual mean temperature. Volcanic dust has an evident effect on the winter temperature decrease, but to a less extent than the solar radiation. The synchronous function caused by the reduction of solar radiation and the increase of optic depth of volcanic dust has a superposed strengthening effect on the temperature decrease in large regions. Promotion of the vegetation cover rate profits the increase of temperature, and vise versa. Certain decrease of solar radiation will favor the increase of summer monsoon precipitation in East Asia. The increase of optic depth of volcanic dust does not have a significant effect on the annual precipitation in most parts of Eurasian continent. The composite effect of the decrease of solar radiation and the increase of volcanic dust makes the summer monsoon precipitation in East China increase, and that in South Asia decrease. Together with vegetation change, the result shows that precipitation increases with the increase of vegetation coverage (e.g. East Asia), and when the vegetation coverage reduces (e.g. North Africa) the precipitation will decrease, too.

关键词： Little Ice Age model simulation East Asia.

2.04-07-05云南德宏州山洪泥石流气象成因分析

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山地学报 2005年第1期23卷 53-62页

作者：陶云唐川寸灿琼杨向东云南大学大气科学系云南省德宏州气象台云南气象台云南昆明　650001云南气象台云南昆明　650034 云南昆明　650001 云南潞西　678400

应用气象资料,卫星、雷达资料及带通滤波方法,分析了引发云南德宏州2.04-07-05特大山洪泥石流灾害的天气成因。结果表明,除了德宏州区域地质、地貌等自然原因外,德宏州入汛提前,入汛后多低温阴雨是造成这次灾害的前期气候背景;中尺度辐... 详细信息

应用气象资料,卫星、雷达资料及带通滤波方法,分析了引发云南德宏州2.04-07-05特大山洪泥石流灾害的天气成因。结果表明,除了德宏州区域地质、地貌等自然原因外,德宏州入汛提前,入汛后多低温阴雨是造成这次灾害的前期气候背景;中尺度辐合天气系统、充沛水汽输送及辐合、低空急流的作用导致07-04T2.～07-05T2.发生特大暴雨,是引发此次山洪泥石流灾害的直接天气原因。

关键词：山洪泥石流中尺度系统卫星雷达低空急流

Design of a new dynamical core for global atmospheric models based on some efficient numerical methods

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Science China Mathematics 2004年第z1期47卷 4-21页

作者： WANG Bin, WAN Hui, Jl Zhongzhen, ZHANG Xin, YU Rucong, YU Yongqiang & LIU HongtaoState Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for atmospheric sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 10002., China department of Computational Mathematics, Academy of Mathematics and System sciences, Peking university, Beijing 100871, China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Atmospher Phys State Key Lab Numer Modeling Atmospher Sci & Geop Beijing 100029 Peoples R China Peking Univ Acad Math & Syst Sci Dept Computat Math Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

A careful study on the integral properties of the primitive hydrostatic balance equations for baroclinic atmosphere is carried out, and a new scheme todesign the global adiabatic model of atmospheric dynamics ispresented. This scheme includes a method of weighted equal-areamesh and a fully discrete finite difference method with quadraticand linear conservations for solving the primitive equationsystem. Using this scheme, we established a new dynamical corewith adjustable high resolution acceptable to the availablecomputer capability, which can be very stable without anyfiltering and smoothing. Especially, some important integralproperties are kept unchanged, such as the anti-symmetries of thehorizontal advection operators and the vertical convectionoperator, the mass conservation, the effective energy conservationunder the standard stratification approximation, and so on. Somenumerical tests on the new dynamical core, respectively regardingits global conservations and its integrated performances inclimatic modeling, incorporated with the physical packagesfrom the Community atmospheric Model Version 2.(CAM2. of NationalCenter for atmospheric Research (NCAR), are included.

关键词： dynamical core, equal-area mesh, anti-symmetry, effective energy conservation.

THE PHASE RELATION BETWEEN ACCUMULATIVE EFFECT OF SOLAR ECLIPSE AND EL NINO

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南京大学学报(自然科学) 1999年第6期35卷 135-137页

作者： Lin Zhen Shan (department of atmospheric {2., Nanjing university, 2.0093, Nanjing,PRC) 南京大学江苏南京 2 1 0 0 93

ＢｙａｎａｌｙｚｉｎｇａｌｌｔｈｅｄａｔａｏｆＥｌＮｉｎｏａｎｄｔｈｅｓｏｌａｒｅｃｌｉｐｓｅｓｆｒｏｍ1948ｔｏ1998,ｓｏｍｅｃｏｍｐｌｅｘｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｔｈｅｓｏｌａｒｅｃｌｉｐｓｅｓａｎｄＥｌＮ... 详细信息

ＢｙａｎａｌｙｚｉｎｇａｌｌｔｈｅｄａｔａｏｆＥｌＮｉｎｏａｎｄｔｈｅｓｏｌａｒｅｃｌｉｐｓｅｓｆｒｏｍ1948ｔｏ1998,ｓｏｍｅｃｏｍｐｌｅｘｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｔｈｅｓｏｌａｒｅｃｌｉｐｓｅｓａｎｄＥｌＮｉｎｏａｒｅｆｏｕｎｄａｓｆｏｌｌ?..

关键词： El Nino eclipse prediction

Annual precipitation fields secular variation over global land areas for 1948—2.00

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第3期48卷 281-286页

作者： SHI Neng & CHEN Luweng department of atmospheric {2., Nanjing Institute of Meteorology, Nanjing 2.0044, China department of atmospheric {2. Nanjing Institute of Meteorology Nanjing 210044 China

The secular variation over the global land an-nual precipitation (GLAP) fields for 1948—2.00 is investi-gated. Evidence suggests that the GLAP abruptly reduced around 1978 and experienced a decrease of 0.54 mm/a, on average. Fuzzy clustering is used to group the annual pre-cipitation over commonly-used 36 latitudes belts into six belts for examining its secular variation. The results show that, except northern high-latitudes (60°—90°N) where it is slightly increased, the precipitation is decreased, especially in 35°N—35°S, and the diminution is the maximum of 0.98 mm/a at tropics. Moreover, identification of 1948—2.00 flood/drought years on a global basis is made, showing no-ticeable interdecadal variations. During the years of warm (cold) events the precipitation decreases (increases) by 15.4 mm (14.4 mm) per year, on average. It can be assumed that global warming and frequent ENSO occurrences from the end of the 1970s maybe serve as the root cause of the dimi-nution.

关键词：全球降水长期变化年降水 ENSO 陆地 1948-2.00年

Statistical characteristics of the double ridges of subtropical high in the Northern Hemisphere

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Science Bulletin 2005年第20期 82-87页

作者： ZHAN Ruifen1,2.3, LI Jianping1 & HE Jinhai2. 1. State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for atmospheric Sci- ences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Institute of Atmos- pheric Physics, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 10002., China {2., Institute of Meteorology, Nan- jing university of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 2.0044, China 3. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100039, China

The generality and some climatological charac- teristics of the double ridge systems of subtropical high (SH) are investigated statistically by using the daily NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data from 1958 to 1998. The results show that the SH double-ridge event is a common phenomenon in the Northern Hemisphere, with the distinct seasonal and re- gional features, that is, the majority of SH double-ridge geneses concentrate over the eastern North India Ocean- western North Pacific as well as the central North Pacific in the period from mid-July to mid-September. Especially over the western North Pacific subtropics, the SH double-ridge events are extremely active. It is found that the life cycle of most double-ridge events of western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) is shorter but some still last longer. The WPSH dou- ble-ridge events occur most frequently from July to Septem- ber, while there is a paucity of occurrences during Novem- ber-March. Also, it is shown that the WPSH double-ridge events have a strong interannual variation with a certain periodicity which possesses a remarkably abrupt change in the mid-1970s. Additionally, the relationship between the WPSH double ridges and the meridional movement of WPSH is discussed.

关键词： subtropical high double ridges statistical characteristics meridional movement.

An OGCM Simulation of Seasonal and Interannual Variabilities in the Surface-Layer Pacific of the Equatorial Band

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Advances in atmospheric sciences 2002年第2期19卷 219-235页

作者： Boyin Huang and Zhengyu Liu department of atmospheric and Oceanic {2., university of Wisconsin-Madison 12.5 W. Dayton St., Madison, WI-53706, U.S.A. department of Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology Room 54-1721 77 Massachusetts Ave. 02139 Cambridge MA USA department of atmospheric and Oceanic {2. University of Wisconsin-Madison 1225 W. Dayton St. 53706 Madison WI USA

The heat budget is analyzed in the surface-layer (0-50 m) Pacific of the equatorial band (10°S-10°N), using the simulation of an ocean general circulation model from 1945 to 1993. The analysis indicates that downward net surface heat flux from the atmosphere and ocean advective heat fluxes play distinct roles in seasonal and interannual variabilities of surface-layer ocean temperature. The surface heat flux dominantly determines the ocean temperature in the seasonal time-scale. But, it has a negative feedback to the ocean temperature in the interannual time-scale. The interannual variability of ocean temperature is largely associated with the cold advection from off-equatorial divergent flow in the central Pacific and from upwelling in the cold tongue. Both the surface heat flux and ocean advective heat fluxes are important to the ocean temperature during an El Nino event. The ocean. advective heat fluxes are further associated with local westward trade wind in the central Pacific. These results are largely consistent with some regional observational analyses.

关键词： Seasonal variability Interannual variability Heat flux

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第12期15卷 1110-1116页

作者： LIU Gang,LI Xin,JIANG Weimei and LI Min department of atmospheric {2.,Nanjing university,Nanjing 2.0093,China Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau,Beijing 100044,China department of atmospheric {2. Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China. Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau Beijing 100044 China

The S-L (She and Leveque) scaling law,also named the hierarchical similarity theory,has been extensively tested for the turbulence made in the laboratory,but seldom been tested for the turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL).In this paper, the S-L scaling law is applied to the turbulence in the ABL observed under unstably stratified conditions and over different types of underlying *** results of analyses show that over this type of homogeneous and flat underlying surface,such as the underlying surface in HUBEX (Huaihe River Basin Energy and Water Cycle Experiment),vertical speed and temperature fields well satisfy the S-L scaling *** the turbulence over the homogeneous but rather rough underlying surface of forest and under unstably stratified conditions in PFRD (Park Falls Ranger District of the Chequamegon National Forest,Wisconsin,USA),the analyses show that the vertical speed and temperature fields sometimes conform sometimes do not conform to the S-L scaling ***,at a time,either both of the vertical speed and temperature fields conform to the S-L scaling law,or both of them do *** speed fields in both of the field experiments do not satisfy the S-L scaling *** new explanation of the above-mentioned phenomena is given.

关键词： atmospheric turbulence Reynolds number S-L scaling law in the atmospheric turbulence boundary layer processes nonlinear dynamics

Features of aerosol optical depth and its relation to extreme temperatures in China during 1980–2.01

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2011年第2期30卷 33-45页

作者： HU Ting SUN Zhaobo LI Zhaoxin Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Nanjing University of Information Scienceand Technology Nanjing 210044 China The department of atmospheric Science Nanjing University of Information Science andTechnology Nanjing 210044 China Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique CNRS France

Based on Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer （TOMS） monthly aerosol optical thickness （AOT） measurements in 1980–2.01 a study is made of space/time patterns and difference between land and sea of AOT 0.50 μm thick over China,which are put into correlation analysis with synchronous extreme temperature indices （warm/cold day and night）.Results suggest that 1） the long-term mean AOT over China is characterized by typical geography,with pronounced land-sea *** AOT has significant seasonality and its seasonal difference is diminished as a function of latitude.2. On the whole,the AOT displays an appreciably increasing trend,with the distinct increase in the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan plateau and SW China,North China,the mid-lower Changjiang （MiLY） valley as well as the South China Sea,but marginal decrease over western/northern Xinjiang and part of South China.3） The AOT over land and sea is marked by conspicuous intra-seasonal and -yearly oscillations,with remarkable periods at one-,two-yr and more （as interannual periods）.4） Land AOT change is well correlated with extremely temperature ***,the correlations of AOT to the extreme temperature indices are more significant in Eastern China with 110 ° E as the *** high-correlation regions are along the Southern China coastline,the Loess Plateau and the Sichuan Basin,and even higher in North China Plain and the mid-lower Changjiang River reaches.5） Simulations of LMDZ-regional model indicate that aerosol effects may result in cooling all over China,particularly in Eastern *** contribution of aerosol change may result in more decrease in the maximum temperature than the minimum,with decrease of 0.11/0.08 K for zonal average,respectively.

关键词： aerosol optical thickness extreme temperature index space/time pattern trend correlation