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Existence of the solutions and the attractors for the large-scale atmospheric equations

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Science china Earth sciences 2006年第6期49卷 650-660页

作者： HUANG Haiyang1 & GUO Boling2.1. department of Mathematics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, china 2. Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100080, china 1. department of Mathematics Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China 2. Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100080 China

In this paper, firstly, the proper function space is chosen, and the proper expression of the operators is introduced such that the complex large-scale atmospheric motion equations can be described by a simple and abstract equation, by which the definition of the weak solution of the atmospheric equations is made. Secondly, the existence of the weak solution for the atmospheric equations and the steady state equations is proved by using the Galerkin method. The existence of the non-empty global attractors for the atmospheric equations in the sense of the Chepyzhov-Vishik’s definition is obtained by constructing a trajectory attractor set of the atmospheric motion equations. The result obtained here is the foundation for studying the topological structure and the dynamical behavior of the atmosphere attractors. Moreover, the methods used here are also valid for studying the other atmospheric motion models.

关键词： atmosphere equations, weak solution, trajectory attractor, global attractor, equilibrium.

Study of ozone “weekend effect” in Shanghai

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Science china Earth sciences 2008年第9期51卷 1354-1360页

作者： TANG WenYuan1↑, ZHAO ChunSheng1, GENG FuHai1,2. PENG Li2. ZHOU GuangQiang2. GAO Wei2. XU JianMing2.& TIE XueXi2.3 1 department of atmospheric Science, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871,{2. 2.atmospheric Chemistry Laboratory of Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, Shanghai 2.0030,{2. 3 atmospheric Chemistry Division, NCAR, Boulder CO 80301, USA 1. department of atmospheric Science School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China 2. atmospheric Chemistry Laboratory of Shanghai Meteorological Bureau Shanghai 200030 China 3. atmospheric Chemistry Division NCAR Boulder CO 80301 USA

Analysis of observed ozone data in 2.06 from five monitoring sites (Xujiahui, Chongming, Baoshan, Pudong, Jinshan) in Shanghai reveals that ozone (O_3) concentrations in Xujiahui are higher at week-ends than those on weekdays, despite the fact that emissions of ozone precursor substances, such as oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are lower at weekends than those on weekdays. The possible chemical cause of ozone "weekend effect" is that NO_2.NO ratio increases at weekends by 2..61% compared with those on weekdays. In addition, because of an average 12.13% reduction in NOx (NO + NO_2. in the early morning (05:00-09:00) at weekends compared with that on weekdays, the ozone inhibition period ends 0.5 h earlier at weekends resulting in the longer duration of ozone accumulation and the higher ozone production rate. The rate of ozone production is a function of VOCs and NOx in the atmosphere. VOCs/NOx ratio in Xujiahui is 4.55 at weekends, and 4.37 on weekdays, belonging to the "NOx-limited". The increasing VOCs/NOx ratio at weekends leads to ozone enhancement from 73 ppbv to 80 ppbv, which are consistent with ozone "weekend effect" in Xujiahui. Furthermore, combining with MICAPS cloud amount data, the fact that ozone "weekend effect" in Xujiahui weakens gradually along with the increasing of cloud amount indicates that ozone photochemical production leads to ozone "weekend effect" in Xujiahui of Shanghai.

关键词： Shanghai ozone photochemical pollution "weekend effect"

Atmosphere-ocean interaction and teleconnection in the Northern Pacific during the cold season

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1992年第4期11卷 537-546页

作者： Jiang Quanrong and J. M. Wallace 1. department of atmospheric {2., Nanjing University, Nanjing 2.0008,{4.2. department of atmospheric sciences, University of Washington 98195, U. S. A.

On the basis of the idea in our work (Jiang and Wallace, 1991) , the horizontal structure of SST pattern, the atmospheric response to SST change and the atmospheric forcing of the ocean in the Northern Pacific during the cold season are discussed. The results show that PNA pattern is the most prominent normal mode in the atmosphere-ocean interaction in the Northern Pacific during the cold season.

关键词： Atmosphere-ocean interaction Cold season Pacific Ocean (northern) Temperature, sea surface

Using lightning locating system based on time-of-arrival technique to study three-dimensional lightning discharge processes

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第4期53卷 591-602页

作者： ZHANG GuangShu1,WANG YanHui1,QIE XiuShu2.ZHANG Tong1,ZHAO YuXiang1,3,LI YaJun1 & CAO DongJie11 Laboratory for Climate Environment and Disasters of Western china,Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute,Chinese Academy of sciences,Lanzhou 730000,{2. 2.Laboratory for Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation(LAGEO),Institute of atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of sciences,Beijing 10002.,{2. 3 department of Physics,Tianshui Normal College,Tianshui 74.001,{2. 1. Laboratory for Climate Environment and Disasters of Western china Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China2. Laboratory for Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation (LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China3. Department of Physics Tianshui Normal College Tianshui 741001 China

A time-of-arrival(TOA) system based on GPS technology for locating VHF radiation sources from lightning has been developed and used in observation sites in the northern Shandong Province,*** 3D images of the lightning progression have been obtained successfully for the first time in *** 3D-channel evolutions of typical negative CG,positive CG and IC lightning flashes have been discussed together with the data of fast electric field *** was found that significant differences existed between the negative and positive CG lightning flashes in terms of the initiation and propagation of the radiation *** preliminary breakdown of a negative CG lightning flash propagated at a speed about 5.2.104.m/*** stepped leader of negative CG lightning flashes was trigged by negative initial ***,it propagated downward at a speed of 1.3×105 m/*** initial process of the positive CG lightning flashes was also a propagation process of negative *** streamers propagated dominantly horizontally in the positive charge region and accumulated positive charges at the origin of the lightning,and as a consequence,initiated downward positive streamers.A new type of lightning discharge that was triggered by a narrow bipolar pulse(NBP) is discussed in this *** NBP was originated at altitude of about 10.5 km in the upper positive charge *** a distinct difference from normal IC flash,its channels extended horizontally all around and produced a lot of radiation *** source power of the NBP could approach 16.7 kW,which is much greater than that of normal lightning discharge ranging between 100 mW and 500 *** 3D propagation of this new type of lightning discharge was observed and obtained for the first time in *** possible initiation mechanism of this new type of light-ning is discussed here.

关键词： time-of-arrival(TOA) technique three dimensional lightning locating system discharge process narrow bipolar pulse new-type of IC lightning

Effects of sunspot cycle length and CO_2.on air temperature along Qinghai-Xizang railway and air temperature's trend prediction

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Science china Earth sciences 2004年第z1期47卷 131-141页

作者： LI Dongliang, QUO Hui, WANG Wen & WEI LiCold & Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou 730000, china department of {2. sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, china 1. Cold & Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Science 730000 Lanzhou China2. Department of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou University 730000 Lanzhou China

There are well coherences between annual averaged air temperatures at every meteorological station along the Qinghai-Xizang railway, and its 10-year moving average correlation coefficient is 0.92. Thus, the regional averaged annual mean temperature series along the Qinghai-Xizang railway (Trw) from 1935 to 2.00 are constructed. The investigation is suggested that: Trw had significant responses to the 5-year lagged sunspot cycle length (SCL) and 15-year lagged concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2., and the correlation coefficients between them are -0.76 (SCL) and 0.88 (CO2., respectively. The future SCL is predicted by the model of average generated function constructed with its main cycles of 76a, 93a, 108a, 2.5a and 2.5a. The result shows that the SCL would be becoming longer in the first half of the 2.st century, and then it could be becoming shorter in the second half of the 2.st century. Based on the natural change of SCL and the effect of double CO2.concentration, Trw in the 2.st century is forecasted. It could warm up about 0.50℃ in the first half of the 2.st century compared with the last decade of last century. The mean maximum air temperature could be likely about 0.2.℃ in July and from 0.4.℃ to 1.10℃ in January. The annual air temperature difference would likely reduce 0.3-1.00℃. The probability of above predictions ranges from 0.64.to 0.73.

关键词： Qinghai-Xizang railway, annual mean air temperature, sunspot cycle length (SCL), atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration (CO2., prediction.

Advanced information feedback strategy in intelligent two-route traffic flow systems

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Science china(Information sciences) 2010年第11期53卷 2265-2271页

作者： DONG ChuanFei1,2. MA Xu1,3 & WANG BingHong1,4.1department of Modern Physics and Nonlinear Science Center, University of Science and Technology of china (USTC), Hefei 2.002., china 2.chool of Earth and atmospheric sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332. USA 3 department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 132.4. USA 4.he Research Center for Complex System Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology and Shanghai Academy of System Science, Shanghai 2.0093, china 1. department of Modern Physics and Nonlinear Science Center University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) Hefei 230026 China2. School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA3. Department of Physics Syracuse University Syracuse NY 13244 USA4. The Research Center for Complex System Science University of Shanghai for Science and Technology and Shanghai Academy of System Science Shanghai 200093 China

The optimal information feedback has a significant effect on many socioeconomic systems like stock market and traffic systems aiming to make full use of resources. In this paper, we study dynamics of traffic flow with real-time information. The influence of a feedback strategy named vehicle number feedback strategy (VNFS) is introduced, in which we only calculate the vehicle number of first 500 route sites from the entrance. Moreover, the two-route traffic system has only one entrance and one exit, which is different from those in the previous work. Our model incorporates the effects of adaptability into the cellular automaton models of traffic flow, and simulation results by adopting this optimal information feedback strategy have demonstrated higher efficiency in controlling spatial distribution of traffic patterns than the other three information feedback strategies, i.e., TTFS, MVFS and CCFS.

关键词： vehicle number feedback strategy two-route selecting traffic flow intelligent vehicle cellular automaton model

Perturbed solution of sea-air oscillator for the El Nino/ La Nina-Southern Oscillation mechanism

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2009年第3期28卷 1-4页

作者： ZHOU Xianchun LIN Yihua WANG Hui MO Jiaqi College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China Division of Computational Science E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities at SJTU Shanghai 200240 China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for atmospheric sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China National Marine Environmental Forecastins Center Beijing 100081 China department of Mathematics Anhui Normal University Wuhu 241000 China

A class of coupled system of the E1 Nino/La Nina-Southern Oscillation （ENSO） mechanism is studied. Using the perturbed theory, the asymptotic expansions of the solution for ENSO model are obtained and the asymptotic... 详细信息

关键词： nonlinear perturbation theory E1 Nino/La Nina-Southern Oscillation model

Trend,seasonal and diurnal variations of atmospheric CO_2.in Beijing

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第24期47卷 2050-2055页

作者： WANG Yuesi, WANG Changke, GUO Xueqing, LIU Guangren & HUANG YaoLAPC, Institute of atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100083,{2. department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100037,{2. LAPC Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing China

The concentration of atmospheric CO2.in Beijing increased rapidly at a mean growth rate of 3.7%·a-1 from 1993 to 1995. After displaying a peak of (4.9.7±2..9) μmol·mol-1 in 1995, it decreased slowly. Both the almost stable anthropogenic CO2.source and increasing biotic CO2.sink contribute to the drop of CO2.concentration from 1995 to 2.00. The seasonal variation of CO2.concentration exhibits a clear cycle with a maximum in winter, averaging (4.1}.8± 2..6)μmol·mol-1, and a minimum in summer, averaging (369.1±6.1)μmol·mol-1. The seasonal variation of CO2.concentration is mainly controlled by phenology. The mean diurnal variation of atmospheric CO2.concentration for a year in Beijing is highly clear: daily maximum CO2.concentration usually occurs at night, but daily minimum CO2.concentration does in the daytime, with a mean diurnal difference more than 34.7μmol·mol-1. It has been revealed that the interannual variations of atmospheric CO2.concentration in winter and autumn regulated the

关键词： atmospheric CO2 annual variation seasonal variation diurnal variation urban environment.

A Parameterization of Bowen Ratio with Respect to Soil Moisture Availability

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Advances in atmospheric sciences 1995年第4期12卷 449-474页

作者： Ye Zhuojia and Roger A. Pielke (Institute of atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 10002.,{2.)(Colorado State University, {4. of atmospheric Science, Fort Collins, Colorado 8052., USA) Institute of atmospheric Physics ChineseAcademyof Scienced Colorado StateUniversity Department of Atmospheric Science

The Bowen ratio (B) is impacted by 5 environmental elements: soil moisture availabillity, m, the ratio of resistances between atmosphere and soil pores, atmospheric relative humidity, h,atmospheric stability, △T, and enviD ronment temperature. These impacts have been investigated over diverse surfaces, including bare soil, free water surface, and vegetation covered land, using an analytical approach. It was concluded that: (a) B is not a continuous function. The singularity exists at the condition αhcb = h, occurring preferably in the following conditions f weak turbulence, stable stratified stability, dry soil, and humid air, where hcb, defined by Eq.(11) is a critical variable. The existence of a singularity makes the dependence of B on the five variables very complicated. The value of B approaches being inversely proportional to m under the conditions m≥mfc (the soil capacity) and / *** proportional coefficient changes with season and latitude with relatively high values in winter and over the poles; (b) B is nearly independent of during the day. The impact of m on B is much larger as compared to that of on B; (c) when h increases, the absolute value of B also increases; (d) over bare soil,when the absolute surface net radiation increases, the absolute value of B will increase. The impact of RN on B is larger at night than during the day, and (e) over plant canopy, the singularity and the dependdes of B on m,rα, and h are modified as compared to that over bare *** (i) during the daytime unstable condition, m exerts an even stronger impact on B; at night, however,B changes are weak in response to the change in m; (ii) the value of B is much more sensitive in response to the changes of turbulent intensity; (iii) the B response to the variation of h over a vegetation covered area is weaker; and (iv) the singularity exists at the condition hcp=h instead of αhcb=h as over bare soil, where hcp is defined by Eq.(4.). The formulas derived over bare soil also hol

关键词： Bowen ratio parameterization Soil moisture availability Plant canopy