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Mutual Conversion of Land Use between Urban and Rural Area in the Process of Urbanization: A Case Study of shandong Province

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Chinese Journal of population,{1. and {2. 2007年第2期5卷 93-96页

作者： Xu Hong college of {1., Resource and {2., shandong normal University, jinan shandong 25001., china college of {1. Resource and {2. Shandong Normal University Jinan Shandong 250014 China

Urbanization is one of the driving forces for the land use change in type and structure, and its prominent effect is to convert rural land to urban land. This paper takes Shan-dong Province as an example to analyze the current situation of the mutual conversion between the urban and rural areas from the aspects of the structure of land use, the decreasing tendency of the cultivated land, the changes of land use in urban and rural residential areas. It points out that cultivated land is converted to residential area land, industrial and/or mining area land. The relationship between the urban area land and the cultivated land is more direct; meanwhile, the changes of rural residential area lag behind obviously. The decrease of the cultivated land and the decline of soil quality will be the two difficult problems in the process of urbanization.

关键词： mutual conversion of land use between urban and rural areas structure of land use flow of the cultivated land

Multiple Effects of Energy Issues and Countermeasures: A Case of shandong Province

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Chinese Journal of population,{1. and {2. 2008年第4期6卷 88-94页

作者： Wang Chengxin1,2., Wang Gefang3 , Yao Shimou4 1. college of population,{2., shandong normal University, jinan shandong 25001., china 2. Research Center of Cycle Economy of shandong Province, jinan shandong 2.0001, china 3. Party School of the shandong Committee of CPC, jinan shandong 2.002., china 4. Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Jiangsu 2.0008, china college of {1. Resources and Environment Shandong Normal University Research Center of Cycle Economy of shandong Province Party School of the shandong Committee of CPC Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Energy is now becoming the bottleneck of urban and regional development. The paper takes shandong Province, one of the most energy consuming provinces in{1., as an example, uses quantity methods such as SPSS (Stastics Package for Social Science) cluster sampling and regression analysis, and applies quantity analysis, to analyze the situation of energy issues in shandong province. The conflicts between the quick industrialization and increasing extensive economic development, between urban population and energy consuming per head, between the infinite energy consuming desire and the low level of managing system, and between the unstable world energy supply and the limited energy storage in{1. are the main factors of energy crisis in shandong, which not only results in energy shortage, but also becomes the barrier of economic and social development. In order to ensure sufficient energy supply for shandong province in the 2.st century, we should take countermeasures, such as changing the economic development model, pursuing a multiple and high quality energy strategy, improving the intensive urbanization strategy, and building a scientific energy system.

关键词： energy effects countermeasure shandong Province

Analysis and Modeling on the Spatial Structure of Urban Land Use: A Case of jinan,{1.

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Chinese Journal of population,{1. and {2. 2007年第2期5卷 34-40页

作者： Zhao Huixia1. 3, Zhang Zulu2. Jiang Luguang 1.1. Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural {1. Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1.01.1. china {2., resources and environment, shandong normal University, jinan shandong 25001., china 3. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1.0039, china Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China college of {1. Resources and Environment Shandong Normal University Jinan Shandong 250014 China

Based on the data of urban land use obtained by remote sensing interpretation from aero images in 1.86 and 2.04, the spatial structure of {1. is studied in this paper with the method of Geographic Information System (GIS). According to the proportion of land for residence, industry and commerce, the urban district can be distinguished into three rings. Compared with the traditional theory of the ring structure in Western coun- tries, they have many distinctive characteristics. The main func- tions of the inner ring include residence, business and banking, but the proportion of residential land (more than 50%) is considerably higher than that of the cities in Western countries. The land proportion for residence and industry in the intermediate ring is equal on the whole. The main land of the outside ring is for industrial use. From 1.86 to 2.04, great changes have taken place on the land proportion of different types of use. In the inner ring, the land for residential and industrial use has shrunk much while the land for commercial use has increased. In the intermediate ring, the changes of the three types of land use were not very much and the temporal variation was relatively stable. On the contrary, the structure in the outside ring varies acutely. Though most of it is also for industrial use, the proportion of residential land has in- creased much. The three rings can also be divided into several sectors respectively, according to the function of land use clusters. New trends and mechanisms of the changes of land use impacting the urban structure were proposed in the end of the paper.

关键词： urban land use ring structure sector structure jinan

Exploration of Science Parks

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Chinese Journal of population,{1. and {2. 2005年第1期3卷 55-59页

作者： Xiong Huibing & Sun Nengli 1.2.1. Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan Hubei 430079,{1. 2. shandong {2. University, jinan shandong 25001.,{1. Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430079 China shandong {1. University Jinan Shandong 250014 China

Science parks have developed greatly in the world, whereas empirical researches have showed that science parks based on linear model cannot guarantee the creation of innovation. Hi-tech innovation is derived from flow and management of information. The commercial and social interactions between in-parks and off-park firms and research institutions act as the key determinant for innovation. Industrial clustering is the rational choice for further developing Chinese science parks and solving some problems such as the lack of clear major industries and strong innovation sense, etc.

关键词： science parks hi-tech industry industrial clusters

Comparison of temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Ozone Pollution at Ground Level in the Eastern china

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Chinese Journal of population,{1. and {2. 2006年第3期4卷 51-57页

作者： Liu Houfeng1.2.1. {1. normal University, {2. 25001., china 2. Chinese Research Academe of environmental Sciences, Beijing 1.001.0} china shandong {1. University Jinan 250014 China Chinese Research Academe of environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China

Monitoring data from ozone（O3） automatic stations in three typical cities with different climatic areas in the southern and northern parts of eastern china are used to analyze temporal and spatial characteristics of ozone pollution at ground level. The results show that ozone pollution level has distinct regional differences and the concentration in the suburbs is higher than that in the urban areas. The seasonal variation of ozone concentration in different climatic areas is greatly affected by the variation of precipitation. Ozone concentration in Shenyang and Beijing , in the temperate zone, has one perennial peak concentration, occurring in early summer, May or June. Ozone concentration in Guangzhou, in sub-tropical zone, has two peak values year round. The highest values occur in October and the secondary high value in June. The ozone season in the south is longer than that in the north. The annual average daily peak value of ozone concentrations in different climates usually occur around 3 pm. The diurnal variation range of ozone concentration declines with the increase of latitude. Ozone concentration does not elevate with the increase of traffic flow. Ozone concentration in Guangzhou has a distinct reverse relation to CO and NOx. This complicated non-linearity indicates that the equilibrium of ozone photochemical reaction has regional differences. Exceeding the rate of Beijing＇s lh ozone concentration is higher than that of Guangzhou, whereas the average 8h ozone level is lower than that of Guangzhou, indicating that areas in low latitude are more easily affected by moderate ozone concentrations and longer exposure. Thus, china should work out standards for 8h ozone concentration.

关键词： ozone temporal and spatial characteristics 8h concentrations weekly variation

Water environmental Degradation of the Source Area of the Yellow River on Northeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Chinese Journal of population,{1. and {2. 2005年第3期3卷 34-36页

作者： Qi Shanzhong 1, Luo Fang 2.& Xiao Honglang 2.1 college of population,{2., shandong normal University, jinan 25001., china 2.Cold and Arid Regions environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, china college of {1. Resources and Environment Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 China Cold and Arid Regions environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academic of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China

The issue on water environmental degradation in the source area of the Yellow River has been one of very serious ecological and socially economic problems. The temporal-spatial changes of water environment led to the decreasing of land capacity and river disconnecting. The status of water environmental degradation in this paper was analyzed based on the data and field investigation. The results indicated that the surface water area in the region has obviously decreased owing to the climate changes and human irrational use of water resources and the continuous lowering of the regional groundwater table and the steadily decreasing tendency of the flow rate in the source areas of the Yellow River.

关键词： water environmental degradation decreasing of surface water continuous lowering of groundwater table the Yellow River region Qinghai- Tibet Plateau

Formation and Evolution of Ancient Lakes on South Coast Plain of Laizhou Bay

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Chinese Journal of population,{1. and {2. 2005年第4期3卷 26-32页

作者： Han Mei 1. Zhou Baohua 2. Yang Peilin 1.Gao Guiqin 1.& Zhang Weiying 1.1. Department of Geography, {1. normal University, {2. 25001., china 2. Department of Geography, {2. University, {2. 2.0001. china Department of Geography Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 China Department of Geography Jlnan University Jinan 250001 China

Based on the data of historical geography, the analysis of the stratigraphic section, and the textual research of place names and satellite photographic interpretations, the authors study the formation and evolution of ancient lakes on the south coast plain of Laizhou Bay where there were once three lakes: Judian Lake, Qingshuibo Lake and Biehua Lake. All the lakes formed 6000 years ago evolved from the lagoons near the estuary and went through two periods, the golden age in the Middle Holocene and the shrinking age in the Late Holocene. The disappearance of the lakes resulted from the drying climate, the migration of the river courses and the activities of human beings. Among the three reasons, the migration of the river courses is the main one.

关键词： ancient lake cause historical evolution south coast plain of Laizhou Bay

Study on Community Diversity of Coastal Shelter Forest in Jiaonan

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Chinese Journal of population,{1. and {2. 2005年第3期3卷 42-47页

作者： Xu Jingwei 1,2. Li Chuanrong 3, Li Qi 4, Zheng Li 3, & Wang Weidong 1 1 Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100871,china 2.shandong Acdemy of Forestry, {2. 25001., china 3 college of Forestry, shandong Agricultural University, Taian 2.1018, china 4 shandong normal University, {2. 25001., china Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100871 China shandong Acdemy of Forestry Jinan 250014 China college of Forestry Shandong Agricultural University Tatan 271018 China shandong {1. University Jinan 250014 China

Based on the research of the plots in coastal areas in Jiaonan city, shandong Province, the indices of richness, evenness and diversity of different community types are analyzed. The results show that: The richness indices indicates that arbor layers are close to shrub layers, and both are lower than herbage layers; the ranges among communities vary a little except those of the arbor ones. Mostly the biodiversity indices reveal that herbage, the arbor, the shrub; Biodiversity of communities has great influences on microclimate to a certain extent and is under the control of regional {1..

关键词： coastalshelterforest richness biodiversity index microclimate

Research on Indicator System of Regional Eco-efficiency:A Case Study of Chengyang District

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Chinese Journal of population,{1. and {2. 2006年第4期4卷 54-58页

作者： Zhou Zhenfeng1,2.Sun Lei2.Sun Yinglan2.1.college of resources&{2.,Laiyang Agricultural college,Qingdao,shandong 2.6109,china 2.School of {2.al Science and Engineering,Ocean University of china,Qingdao,shandong 2.6003,china college of {1. & {2. Laiyang Agricultural College Qingdao Shandong 266109 China School of environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao Shandong 266003 China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao Shandong 266003 China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao Shandong 266003 China

Eco-efficiency is a valuable tool for managing and solving issues involving resource consumption and pollution emission in current production *** the popularity of the term"eco-efficiency"in business,limited attention has been paid to measuring and reporting regional eco-efficiency for local government policy *** on the concept and method of eco-efficiency,an indicator system of regional eco-efficiency is established in this *** indicator system comprises 2. indicators,which are divided in to three categories including socio-economic development,{1. consumption, environmental *** a promising statistical technique, principle component analysis is used to set the weight of indicators which attempts to calculate the eco-efficiency indices of Qingdao's Chengyang *** results show that the eco-efficiency of Chengyang District has clearly improved 35.1. with small fluctuation from 1.95 to ***-economic development index and {1. consumption index also represent obvious increasing *** correlation coefficient between soci-economic development index and {1. consumption index is 0.979,which means the social progress and economic growth of Chengyang District depend on an extravagant consumption of *** environmental pressure index increased slowly before 1.97 and declined gradually after 1.97,due to more attention being paid to environmental protection by local government in recent *** District still keeps the traditional economic development mode with a high consumption and high production,so the emphases of future development should put on improving the improving the efficient use of natural {1. and promoting environmental management *** results show that the indicators system of regional eco-efficiency is a promising method to quantitatively evaluate resources and environmental efficiency and provide an effective decision-making support for local governments.

关键词： regional eco-efficiency indicator system Ecoefficiency Synthetic Index (ESI) Principle Component Analysis (PCA)