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Allocation of power generating and shipping of Hanjiang upstream cascade

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第8期15卷 733-741页

作者： LIU Junping1* and CHANG Mingqi 2.3.1. School of civil engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of {2., Hangzhou 3.0014, china 2. Institute of Water Resources & Hydroelectric engineering, Xi'an University of {2., Xi'an 710048, china 3. Shanxi Institute of Water Resources, Taiyuan 03.001, china) School of civil engineering and Architecture Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China Institute of Water Resources and Hydroelectric engineering Xi'an University of Technology Xi'an 710048 China Shanxi Institute of Water Resources Taiyuan 030001 China

The optimal model and simulating model of the Hanjiang cascade reservoirs operation with one day as its calculating period are established to coordinate the contradictions between power generating and shipping. The optimal model is solved by progressive optimality algorithm method adopting the theory of large system decomposing and coordinating. By analyzing the water allocation results obtained from six schemes, which are two cascades, four cascades and seven cascades joint operation considering shipping or not, the contradiction degree between power generating and shipping is investigated and some joint operation schemes are proposed.

关键词： cascade power generating contradiction shipping optimal operation.

Mathematic Expression of Kinetic Compensation Effect and Relationship between the Exothermic Decomposition Temperature and Critical Temperature of Thermal Explosion of Eighty-six Energetic Materials

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含能材料 2001年第1期9卷 8-9页

作者： HU Rong zu 1, YANG De suo 2. ZHANG Jiao qiang 3. (1. department of Chemistry,Northwest University, Xi′an 710065, china 2. department of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Baoji College of Arts and Science, Baoji 72.007, china 3. department of 西北大学陕西西安 710065 宝鸡文理学院陕西 721007 西北工业大学陕西西安 710072

Two relationships are established using the least squares method,between the kinetic parameters (the apparent activation energy and pre exponential constant),and the exothermic decomposition temperature and ther... 详细信息

关键词： critical temperature of thermal explosion decomposition temperature DSC energetic materials.

Dynamic Properties of Concrete under Severe Environmental Condition

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Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Materials Science) 2010年第5期25卷 877-882页

作者：闫东明 department of Hydraulic and Environmental engineering Zhengzhou University department of civil and Hydraulic {2. Dalian University of Technology

Exposure to environmental conditions can significantly influence the mechanical behavior of concrete structures in civil engineering. In this study, the effect of environmental factors, such as moisture and temperature, on the strain-rate sensitivity of concrete mixtures was systematically investigated. The strain rate varied from 10^-5s^-1 to 10^-2.^-1. From the investigation it was concluded that moisture content had a significant influence on the strain-rate sensitivity of concrete. With regard to concrete with low moisture content, temperature had little influence on the rate-dependent behavior; while for fully saturated specimens, a significant influence was observed. These phenomena were attributed to the meso-scale bonding properties of the concrete matrix. Equations were derived to characterize the ultimate strength increment of concrete with strain rate under different environmental conditions. An explanation to the dynamic failure mechanisms of concrete based on the experimental findings was proposed.

关键词： concrete strain rate moisture content temperature failure mechanism

A land surface model incorporated with soil freeze/thaw and its application in GAME/Tibet

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第12期49卷 1311-1322页

作者： HU Heping1, YE Baisheng2. ZHOU Yuhua3.& TIAN Fuqiang1 1. department of Hydraulic engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084,{2. 2. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 73.000,{2. 3. department of civil engineering, Massachusetts Institute of technology, USA 1. department of Hydraulic engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China 2. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China 3. department of civil {2. Massachusetts Institute of Technology USA

Land surface process is of great importance in global climate change, moisture and heat exchange in the interface of the earth and atmosphere, human impacts on the environment and eco- system, etc. Soil freeze/thaw plays an important role in cold land surface processes. In this work the diurnal freeze/thaw effects on energy partition in the context of GAME/Tibet are studied. A sophisti- cated land surface model is developed, the particular aspect of which is its physical consideration of soil freeze/thaw and vapor flux. The simultaneous water and heat transfer soil sub-model not only reflects the water flow from unfrozen zone to frozen fringe in freezing/thawing soil, but also demon- strates the change of moisture and temperature field induced by vapor flux from high temperature zone to low temperature zone, which makes the model applicable for various circumstances. The modified Picard numerical method is employed to help with the water balance and convergence of the numerical scheme. Finally, the model is applied to analyze the diurnal energy and water cycle char- acteristics over the Tibetan Plateau using the Game/Tibet datasets observed in May and July of 1998. Heat and energy transfer simulation shows that: (i) There exists a negative feedback mechanism between soil freeze/thaw and soil temperature/ground heat flux; (ii) during freezing period all three heat fluxes do not vary apparently, in spite of the fact that the negative soil temperature is higher than that not considering soil freeze; (iii) during thawing period, ground heat flux increases, and sensible heat flux decreases, but latent heat flux does not change much; and (iv) during freezing period, soil temperature decreases, though ground heat flux increases.

关键词： land surface model,soil freeze/thaw,GAME/Tibet,simultaneous liquid,vapor and heat transfer.

Chuetsu earthquake damages in Niigata County of Japan

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第10期17卷 1255-1259页

作者： Li Hongnan1, Zhao Yangang2.and Wang Guoxin1(1. State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore engineering, dalian University of {2., dalian 11602., china 2. department of civil and Architectural engineering, Nagoya Institute of {2., Nagoya 466-8555, Japan) State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China department of civil and Architectural {2. Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya 466-8555 Japan

An Earthquake ML=6.8 occurred on October 2., 2.04 in Chuetsu area of Niigata County in Japan, which caused 40 people dead, more than 4500 people injured and 1000000 people homeless; nearly 140000 buildings were damaged or collapsed. The estated total loss of this earthquake was about 3.00 billions Yen. In this paper, we investigate the Chuetsu earthquake damage from different aspects, including the seismic outline, seismicity, intensity distribution, wave feature, damage analyses, and economic losses. Finally, experiences and lessons from the earthquake damage are given. The content in this paper may be a reference for structural seismic design and code modification.

关键词： Chuetsu earthquake seismic damage Niigata province in Japan.

A new orthogonality relationship for orthotropic thin plate theory and its variational principle

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2005年第3期48卷 371-380页

作者： LUO Jianhui 1 , LONG Yuqiu 2.& LIU Guangdong 1 1. College of civil engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082.{2. 2. department of civil engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084,{2. 1. College of civil engineering Hunan University 410082 Changsha China 2. department of civil {2. Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China

The thought how dual vectors are constructed in a new orthogonality relationship for theory of elasticity is generalized into orthotropic thin plate bending problems by using the analogy theory between plane elasticity problems and plate bending problems. Dual differential equations are directly obtained by using a mixed variables method. A dual differential matrix to be derived possesses a peculiarity of which principal diagonal sub-matrixes are zero matrixes. Two independently and symmetrically orthogonality sub-relationships are discovered. By using the integral form for elastic bending theory of orthotropic thin plate the orthogonality relationship is demonstrated. By selecting felicitous dual vectors a new orthogonality relationship for theory of elasticity can be generalized into elastic bending theory of orthotropic thin plate. By using the integral form a variational principle which is relative to differential form and a whole function expression are proposed.

关键词： theory of elasticity, thin plate theory, dual vectors, orthogonality relationship, orthotropic, variational principle.

Solving the input data in error correc-tion of optical fabrication by finite Fourier coefficient algorithm

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2006年第1期49卷 50-60页

作者： CHENG Haobo1,2. SUN Guozheng3.& FENG Zhijing2.1. department of Optical {3., Beijing Institute of {2., Beijing 100081, china 2. department of Precision Instruments and Mechanology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, china 3. china North Industries Group Corporation, Beijing 100089, china 1. department of Optical engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China 2. department of Precision Instruments and Mechanology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China 3. china North Industries Group Corporation Beijing 100089 China

A free-form lens (FFL) is a special surface that is difficult to be fabricated. FFL are usually fabricated by computer-controlled optical surfacing (CCOS) technique. During CCOS, the material removal amount is determined by the unit removal function (URF) convoluting with the input data――the dwell time. When the removal amount and the URF are known, how to solve the input data involves the special algorithm――deconvolution. Usually, the input data are solved by virtue of low pass filter or iterative methods. However, an approximation solution would destroy the machining stability nec-essary to perform precisely CCOS. In this paper, to solve the input data, a new method that is based on the finite Fourier coefficient is put forward. It can give a continuous and accurate solution for fabricating choice. Several parameters are simulated, which influ-ence the process of CCOS, and evaluating on the effect of the method is also carried out. Experimental results verify that this method is suitable for guiding the manufacturing of high precision FFL.

关键词： optical fabrication, computer controlled optical surfacing, free-form lens, finite Fourier coefficient, error correction.

Early Hydration of Composite Cement with Thermal Activated Coal Gangue

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Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Materials Science) 2010年第1期25卷 162-166页

作者：郭伟 department of Material engineering Yancheng Institute of Technology Institute of Material Science and engineering Nanjing University of Technology

Composite cement samples were prepared by mixing clinker, gypsum with burnt coal gangues which was calcined at various temperatures. The mechanical strength and Ca（OH）2.content in the cement paste were tested, and the paste composition and microstructure were analyzed by thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis （TG-DSC）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electronic microscopy （SEM） and pore structure analysis. Results demonstrate that the thermal activated coal gangue could accelerate the early hydration of cement clinker obviously, which promotes the gangue hydration itself. The early hydrated products of the cement are C-S-H gel, Ca（OH）2.and AFt. The cement with 3.% （in mass） the gangue exhibits higher mechanical strength, and among all the cement samples the one with the gangue burnt at 700 ℃ displays the highest hydration rate, mechanical strength, the most gel pores and the lowest total porosity.

关键词： blended cement hydration microstructure hydration product

Experimental Study on the Effect of Cyclic Preloading on the Resistance to Liquefaction of Saturated Loose Sand under Wave Loading

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2009年第4期14卷 398-403页

作者：张振东栾茂田金丹郭莹聂影 State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore engineering Dalian University of Technology Institute of Geotechnical engineering School of Civil and Hydraulic EngineeringDalian University of Technology department of civil {2. Huaihai Institute of Technology

By using the soil static and dynamic universal triaxial and torsional shear apparatus, a series of combined cyclic shear tests are performed to simulate the rotation in the principal stress direction induced by ocean wave. The tests include the cyclic preloading tests and liquefaction tests in the second loading on saturated loose sand with a relative density of 3.%. The all tests are consolidated under isotropic condition. The effect of the cyclic preloading on the resistance to liquefaction of saturated loose sands under the condition of continuous rotation in the principal stress direction is investigated. Experimental data indicate that the void ratio of saturated sands has a negligible reduction after cyclic preloading. With the increase of the intensity of cyclic preloading (in the amplitude and in the number of cycles), the resistance to liquefaction in the second loading is increased continuously under the condition that the liquefaction does not occur during the cyclic preloading. The reason is that the construction of more stable structure due to the uniformity of the void and the better interlocking of the particles when the cyclic preloading is applied to the saturated sand.

关键词： saturated sand liquefaction continuous rotation in the principal stress direction cyclic preloading second loading void ratio