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Characteristics and genetic mechanism of deep-buried clastic eureservoir in china

Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 11-19页

作者： ZHONG DaKang & ZHU XiaoMin china university of petroleum,{2. 102.4.,china 1. china university of petroleum Beijing 102249 China

Systematic researches to the clastic reservoirs in various types and various geological ages {2.s in china indicate that the present burial depth of deep buried clastic eureservoir ranges from 3000 to 6000 m,and its geological ages from Paleozoic,Mesozoic to Cenozoic. It mainly deposited in delta (including braid delta,fan delta,normal delta),river,also shore,shallow lake,gravity flow channel and turbidity fan facies. The quartzose sandstone is the main reservoir rock of deep-buried clastic eureservoir in the shore facies in Paleozoic,but the arenite and arkose sandstones are the main reservoir rock types in delta,river,shallow lake and gravity flow facies in Mesozoic and Cenozoic. The porosity of most of deep-buried clastic eureservoir is more than 10% and permeability more than 10×10?3 μm2. The forma-tion of the deep-buried eureservoir was related to the paleotectonics,paleotemperature,sedimentary environment,the deep dissolution caused by organic acid or carbonic acid,burial style,the abnormal high pore fluid pressure,early hydrocarbon charging,gyprock sealing,hot convective fluid flow and the mode of sand-mud interbedded,etc. The paleotectonics controls the burial style of sandstones,and the paleotemperature controls the diagenesis process. The sedimentary environment is the precondi-tion and foundation,the dissolution is the direct reason to generate the deep buried clastic eureservoir. The abnormal high pore fluid pressure,gyprock sealing,the mode of sand-mud interbedded,early hy-drocarbon charging and the structure fractures were the assistant factors of generating the deep buried clastic eureservoir.

关键词： deep buried clastic eureservoir characteristics genetic mechanism controlling factors

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Division of Gas Accumulation System and Laws Controlling Distribution of Natural Gas in Typical Petroliferous basins of china

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Journal of china university of Geosciences 2002年第4期13卷 306-312页

作者： Jiang Zhenxue Pang Xiongqi Jin Zhijun Chen Dongxia basin & reservoir {2. center, university of petroleum, beijing 102.4. Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation, Ministry of Education, beijing 102.4. basin & reservoir {2. center University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation Ministry of Education Beijing 102249

Considering the existing problems of the petroleum system, this paper bringsforward the concept of natural gas accumulation system and presents the dividing principles. Thendetailed statistics on the accumulation factors of the 32.typical natural gas accumulation systemsin china and studies on the laws controlling distribution of gas are collected. The {2. showsthat the petroleum accumulation system is the basic unit controlling petroleum generation, migrationand accumulation. Generating intensity, generating amount, accumulating efficiency and migrationdistance plays an important role in the distribution of natural gas. Through analysis on results ofresources evaluation, discovered reserves and residual reserves, potential areas in middle-scaledpetroliferous basins in china are forecasted in this paper. Ordos, Sichuan, Tarim and Qaidam basinsare found out to be the main basins developing and enriching gas accumulation systems.

关键词： petroliferous basins in china gas accumulation system petroleum system laws controlling gas potential area

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Influence of Ordovician carbonate reservoir beds in Tarim basin by faulting

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 53-60页

作者： L XiuXiang1,2.YANG Ning1,2.ZHOU XinYuan3,YANG HaiJun3 & LI JianJiao1,2.1 Faculty of Natural Resource & Information Technology,china university of petroleum,{2. 102.4.,china 2.State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting,china university of petroleum,{2. 102.4.,china 3 Tarim Oilfield,Petrochina,Korla 841000,china china Univ Petr Fac Nat Resource & Informat Technol Beijing 102249 Peoples R China china Univ Petr State Key Lab Petr Resource & Prospecting Beijing 102249 Peoples R China Petrochina Tarim Oilfield Korla 841000 Peoples R China

The quality of the Ordovician carbonate reservoir beds in the Tarim basin is closely related to the development of secondary pores,fractures and cavities. Karstification is important in improving the properties of reservoir beds,and karstification related to unconformity has caught wide attention. Compared with the recent research on the unconformity karst reservoir bed improvement,this paper shows a new way of carbonate reservoir bed transformation. Based on field survey,core and slices observation,transformation of Ordovician carbonate reservoir beds by faulting can be classified into three types: (1) Secondary faults and fracturs generated by faulting improved carbonate reservoir bed properties,which were named the Lunnan or Tazhong82.model; (2. upflow of deep geothermal fluids caused by faulting,with some components metasomatizing with carbonate and forming some secon-dary deposit,such as fluorite. It can improve carbonate reservoir bed properties obviously and is named the Tazhong 82.model; and (3) the faulting extending up to the surface increased the depth of supergene karstification and the thickness of reservoir bed. It is named the Hetianhe model. Trans-formation effect of carbonate reservoir beds by faulting was very significant,mainly distributed on the slopes or on the edge or plunging end of the uplift.

关键词： carbonate faulting reservoir transformation Ordovician Tarim basin

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Multiphase tectonic movements, cap formations and evolution of the Majiang paleo-reservoir

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petroleum Science 2011年第2期8卷 127-133页

作者： Tang Liangjie Cui Min State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China CNOOC research Institute Beijing 100027 China

The Majiang paleo-reservoir is a typical destroyed hydrocarbon reservoir, buried in carbonate strata of{2.＇s southern marine-facies. Field geological explorations, interpretations of seismic profiles and balanced cross-section restorations around this paleo-reservoir reveal that its formation and evolution have been restricted by multiphase tectonic movements of different intensities. A regional tectonic mechanism and model have been suggested for the formation and evolution of the Majiang paleo- reservoir. Geological field exploration has been carried out along three typical Silurian cross-sections and rock samples were tested in combination with water-rock interaction. Based on the result of cap tests, the planar distribution, the residual thickness, the erosion thickness and the preservation conditions, the Silurian mudstone cap is discussed around the Majiang paleo-reservoir. Combining the hydrodynamic conditions of its formation and evolution and its tectonic movements, we determined the fact that the thicker the cap is, the more resistant it is to hydrodynamic destruction. The multi-phase formation and destructive geological model of the paleo-reservoir is established through an overall analysis of multi- phase tectonic evolutions, cap developments, hydrodynamic conditions and solid mineral metallogenic ages measured by Rb-Sr, Pb and Sm-Nd isotope techniques.

关键词： Multiphase tectonic evolution key tectonic changes cap evolution hydrocarbonpreservation Majiang paleo-reservoir

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Forming Mechanism of High Quality reservoirs of Tertiary in the Southern Margin of Junggar basin and Forecasting Before Drilling

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 139-140页

作者： Lihong Song,Shaoqiang Sui Sedimentary reservoir Key Laboratories of Experimental center,Exploration and Development {2. Institute of china petroleum,beijing 100083,china.

Tertiary Junggar basin has been subjected to a shrinking *** by the Yanshan orogeny, especially the Himalayan movement,the Tianshan Mountain continued to rise,leading the southern margin to the sedimentary environment with steep slope and speed *** major depositional facies in Ziniquanzi Formation is generally a set of delta under the setting of lake transgression,belonging to single deposi-

关键词： Junggar basin Teritary reservoir heavy mineral diagenesis

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Structural characteristics and petroliferous features of Tarim basin

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第S1期47卷 1-11页

作者： JIA Chengzao~1 & WEI Guoqi~2.1. Petrochina Company Limited, beijing 100011,{2. 2. Langfang Branch of research Institute of petroleum Exploration & Development, Petrochina, Langfang 065007,{2. 1. Petrochina Company Limited 100011 Beijing China 2. Langfang Branch of research Institute of petroleum Exploration & Development PetroChina 065007 Langfang China

Using the modern tectonic geology theories andmethods such as the plate tectonic analysis, the paleo-struc-ture analysis, the structural-Iithofacies analysis, and the faultrelated fold and petroleum system, and combining with theseismic data, well drilling data and the circumferential fieldgeology, study on the structural characteristics and petro-leum prospect in the Tarim basin has been carried out. Re-sults show that the Tarim basin is a large superimpositionand combination basin with continental crustal basement,composed of a Paleozoic craton and Meso-Cenozoic forelandbasins. The characteristics of the basin are: the kernel partof the basin is the marine facies Paleozoic craton, superim-posed 4 continental facies foreland basins. Though the scaleof the paleozoic craton of the Tarim basin is relatively small,the structure is steady. The petroleum prospect of the Paleo-zoic craton is: multiphase pool-generation and accumulationcontrolled by ancient uplift. The Meso-Cenozoic forelandbasins in the Tarim basin, which are distributed on the era-tonic circumference and are a long-term subsidence, turnedinto rejuvenated foreland basins after the Meso-Cenozoicperiod. The petroleum prospects are: coal-bed generatinghydrocarbon, abundant natural gas, pool-generation in laterand recent periods, the oil and gas distribution controlled bythe foreland thrust belt. The structural characteristics ofTarim provide it with a superimposition and combinationpetroleum system of multiple resources, multiple reservoirsand multiphase pool-generation. The oil and gas explorationprospect covers two large fields: the Paleozoic craton and theMeso-Cenozoic foreland thrust belt.

关键词： Tarim superimposition and combination basin craton foreland basin superimposition and combination petroleum system.

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Hydrocarbon migration and accumulation along the fault intersection zone-a case study on the reef-flat systems of the No.1 slope break zone in the Tazhong area, Tarim basin

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petroleum Science 2010年第2期7卷 211-225页

作者： Xiang Caifu Pang Xiongqi Yang Wenjing Wang Jianzhong LiQiming Liu Luofu Li Yanqun State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China basin and reservoir {2. center School of Natural Resources and Information Technology China University ofPetroleum Beijing 102249 China Petrochina Tarim Oilfield Company Korla Xinjiang 841000 China

Understanding hydrocarbon migration and accumulation mechanisms is one of the key scientif ic problems that should be solved for effective hydrocarbon exploration in the superimposed basins developed in northwest china. The northwest striking No.1 slope break zone, which is a representative of superimposed basins in the Tarim basin, can be divided into five parts due to the intersection of the northeast strike-slip faults. Controlled by the tectonic framework, the types and properties of reservoirs and the hydrocarbon compositions can also be divided into five parts from east to west. Anomalies of all the parameters were found on the fault intersection zone and weakened up-dip along the structural ridge away from it. Thus, it can be inferred that the intersection zone is the hydrocarbon charging position. This new conclusion differs greatly from the traditional viewpoint, which believes that the hydrocarbon migrates and accumulates along the whole plane of the No.1 slope break zone. The viewpoint is further supported by the evidence from the theory of main pathway systems, obvious improvement of the reservoir quality （2.3 orders of magnitude at the intersection zone） and the formation mechanisms of the fault intersection zone. Differential hydrocarbon migration and entrapment exists in and around the strike- slip faults. This is controlled by the internal structure of faults. It is concluded that the more complicated the fault structure is, the more significant the effects will be. If there is a deformation band, it will hinder the cross fault migration due to the common feature of two to four orders of magnitude reduction in permeability. Otherwise, hydrocarbons tend to accumulate in the up-dip structure under the control of buoyancy. Further research on the internal fault structure should be emphasized.

关键词： Geologic chromatographic effect fault intersection zone differential hydrocarbon migration and accumulation superimposed basin Tazhong area Tarim basin

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Dipole anomaly in the Arctic atmosphere and winter Arctic sea ice motion

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第9期48卷 1529-1536页

作者： WU Bingyi1, ZHANG Renhe1 & WANG Jia2.1. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, beijing 100081, china 2. International Arctic {2. center, university of Alaska Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA 1. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences 100081 Beijing China 2. International Arctic research center University of Alaska Fairbanks 99775 AK USA

This paper investigates a previously-ignored atmospheric circulation anomaly-di- pole structure anomaly in the arctic atmosphere, and its relationship with the winter sea ice mo- tion, based on analyses of the International Arctic Buoy Programme Data (1979―1998) and datasets from the National center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and the National center for Atmospheric {2. (NCAR) for the period of 1960―2.02. The dipole structure anomaly is the second-leading mode of EOF of monthly mean SLP north of 70°N during the winter season (Oct.―Mar.), which accounts for 13% of the variance. One of its two anomaly centers is over the Canadian Archipelago; the other is situated over northern Eurasia and the Siberian marginal seas. Due to the dipole structure anomaly’s strong meridionality, it becomes an important mechanism to drive both anomalous sea ice export out of the Arctic basin and cold air outbreaks into the Barents Sea, the Nordic Seas and northern Europe.

关键词： dipole anomaly, winter season, Arctic, sea ice motion, sea ice export.

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第10期47卷 896-911页

作者： ZHANG Changhou1,2. WU Ganguo1,2. WANG Genhou2. ZHANG Weijie2.& SONG Honglin2.1. Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Tectonics and Lithoprobing Technology, china university of Geosciences, Ministry of Education of china, beijing 100083, china 2. School of Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources, china university of Geosciences, beijing 100083, china 1. Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Tectonics and Lithoprobing Technology China University of Geosciences Ministry of Education of China 100083 Beijing China 2. School of Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China

The northwest trending tectonic belt in the middle part of the Mesozoic intraplate Yanshan Orogenic Belt, northeast Hebei Province, is composed of thrusts, extensional faults, strike-slip faults and syntectonic sedimentations as well. The northeastward basement-involved major thrusting deformation occurred between 174Ma and 168MaBP and was followed by an intrusion of the granitic plutonic rocks. As a part of the post-thrusting extensional deformations a northwest extending volcano-sedimentation system of Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous formed in the southwest side of the belt. These volcano-sedimentary sequences are divided into Tuchengzi Formation, Zhangjiakou Formation, Yixian Formation and Jiufotang Formation re- spectively. They are characterized by southeastward migration as a result of the increasing down-dip slip displacement along the major extensional fault toward the southeast of the belt. The provenance area of the Jiufotang Formation north to it experienced southwestward thrusting during and after its later sedimentation. The thrusting in this stage resulted in the formation of an asymmetric footwall syncline with vergence to SW in the Jiufotang Formation in the NE side of the basin. Finally a dextral strike-slip deformation occurred along the NW tectonic belt. The striking tectono-geomorphological features and present seismic activities along this belt indicate that it has been being active since Cenozoic era and is still in the active state at present. This northwest extending tectonic belt was following the same direction and location as the existing fault systems within the basement as revealed by former geological and geophysical studies. So it is reasonable to infer the Mesozoic deformation along this belt to be a result of reactivation of the basement structures in a favorable tectonic stress field. The reactivation of basement struc- tures might be taken as one of the mechanisms of intraplate deformation and orogeny.

关键词： Yanshan Orogenic Belt, northwest extending tectonic complex, thrust system, geochronology.

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Effects of abnormally high heat stress on petroleum in reservoir——An example from the Tazhong 18 Well in the Tarim {2.

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第4期51卷 515-527页

作者： ZHU DongYa1, JIN ZhiJun1, HU WenXuan2.& ZHANG XueFeng3 1 petroleum Exploration and Production Institute, china petroleum & Chemical Corporation, beijing 100083, china 2.Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing university, Nanjing 2.0093, china 3 School of Resource and Information, china university of petroleum, beijing 102.4., china petroleum Exploration and Production Institute China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation Beijing China Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China School of Resource and Information China University of Petroleum Beijing China

An igneous intrusion of 94m thick was discovered intruding into the Silurian sandstone from Tazhong 18 Well. The petroleum previously preserved in the Silurian sandstone reservoir was altered into black carbonaceous bitumen by abnormally high heat stress induced by the igneous intrusion. The reflec-tance of the carbonaceous bitumen reaches as high as 3.54%, indicating that the bitumen had evolved into a high thermal evolution level. Similar to the Silurian samples from the neighboring Tazhong 11, Tazhong 12. Tazhong 45 and Tazhong 47 wells, the distribution of C2., C2. and C2. steranes of the car-bonaceous bitumen is still "V" -shaped and can still be employed as an efficient parameter in oil source correlation. The "V" -shaped distribution indicates that the hydrocarbons from the Tazhong 18 and the neighboring wells were all generated from the Middle-Upper Ordovician hydrocarbon source rocks. However, the oil source correlation parameters associated with and terpanes had been changed greatly by the high heat stress and can no longer be used in oil source correlation. The δ 13C values of the pe-troleum from the neighboring wells are between -32.53‰ and -33.37‰, coincident with those of the Paleozoic marine petroleum in the Tarim basin. However, the δ 13C values of the carbonaceous bitumen from the Tazhong 18 Well are between -2..18‰ and -2..2.‰, isotopically much heavier than the pe-troleum from the neighboring wells. The content of light hydrocarbons (nC14-nC2.) of the saturated hydrocarbon fraction in the carbonaceous bitumen is extremely higher than the content of heavy hy-drocarbons. The light/heavy hydrocarbon ratios (ΣnC2.-/ΣnC2.+) are between 4.56 and 39.17. In the saturated fraction, the even numbered hydrocarbons are predominant to the odd numbered, and the OEP (Odd to Even Predominance) values are between 0.2. and 0.49. However, the content of light hy-drocarbons in the petroleum from the neighboring wells is relatively low and the content of the even numb

关键词： Tarim basin igneous intrusive abnormally high heat stress bitumen carbon isotope PAH

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