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Formal analysis and design of multi-party fair exchange protocols

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Science in china(Series F) 2006年第2期49卷 155-174页

作者： QING Sihan1,2.3.& LI Gaicheng1,3.1. Engineering Research Center for Information Security Technology, Institute of Software, chinese Academy of sciences, {2. 100080, china 2. {2. Zhongke Ansheng Corporation of Information Technology, {2. 100080, china 3. Graduate school of the chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 10003., china 1. Engineering Research Center for Information Security Technology Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China 2. beijing Zhongke Ansheng Corporation of Information Technology Beijing 100080 China 3. Graduate school of the chinese Academy of {2. Beijing 100039 China

Based on the origin of message items and channel combination between transacting parties, and events and relations among events, this paper presents a concise, precise, and hierarchical model for general fair exchange protocols, formally specifies various security requirements which are able to reflect inherent requirements for fair exchange protocols more rigorously, and partition these security requirements with fine granularity. This work helps analyze, debug, and design multi-party fair exchange protocols more effectively and elaborately,

关键词： fair exchange logical protocol formal model security requirement.

Parentage determination of an isolated Yangtze finless porpoise population Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis in the Yangtze Tian-e-Zhou Baiji National Natural Reserve based on molecular data

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第2期15卷 54-61页

作者： XIA Junhong 1,2. ZHENG Jinsong 1,2. XU Limei 1,2.and WANG Ding1*(1. Institute of Hydrobiology, {3. Academy of sciences, Wuhan 43.072.{2. 2. Graduate school of the {3. Academy of sciences, beijing 10003.,{2.) Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China. Graduate school of the chinese Academy of {2. Beijing 100039 China

Reproductive behaviors are poorly known for the Yangtze finless porpoise Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis. In this study, the parentage of an isolated Yangtze finless porpoise population inhabiting the Yangtze Tian-e-Zhou Baiji National Natural Reserve is determined by analysis of microsatellite loci and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region sequences, and the porpoise's reproductive behaviors are studied. Overall 4 full parentage assignments and additional 3.single parentage assignments were determined for the population of 2. individuals. The analysis shows that their estimated reproductive cycle is shorter than that reported previously and there probably exists an overlapping between gestation and lactation period. The study also shows that the female does not show fidelity to a particular male for breeding and vice versa, the oldest males did not monopolize mating and the dominance rank could not be so strict for the porpoise society. Moreover, the porpoise's mating pattern and relatedness among candidate parents are discussed here. These results provide important information for making guidelines of management and conservation for this protected population.

关键词： Yangtze finless porpoise isolated population reproductive behavior parentage

Physical mechanisms of plant roots affecting weathering and leaching of loess soil

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Science china Earth sciences 2006年第9期49卷 1002-1008页

作者： LI Yong1,2. ZHANG Qingwen1,2. WAN Guojiang3. HUANG Ronggui3. PIAO Hechun3. BAI Lingyu2.& LI Lu2.1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, chinese Academy of sciences, Yangling 712.00,{2. 2. Institute of Agro-Environment and Sustainable Development, chinese Academy of Agricultural sciences, beijing 100081,{2. 3. Institute of Geochemistry, chinese Academy of sciences, Guiyang 550002.{2. 1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences Yangling 712100 China 2. Institute of Agro-Environment and Sustainable Development Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China 3. Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China

Plant roots have potential impacts on soil mineral weathering and *** objective is to understand the physical mechanisms of plant roots affecting weathering andleaching of loess soil. Root densities were measured through the method of a large-size dug profile,and transport fluxes of soil elements were determined using an undisturbed monolith soilinfiltration device on the hilly and gully regions of the chinese Loess Plateau. The results showthat the improvement effects of soil environment by plant roots are mainly controlled by the densityand weight of the fibrous roots with the diameters less than 1 mm. Plant roots have the strongereffects on soil physical properties than chemical properties. The principal components analysis(PCA) indicates that soil physical properties by plant roots account for 56.7% of variations in soilenvironment whereas soil chemical properties and pH contribute about 2..2. of the soil *** roles of plant roots in controlling soil weathering and leaching increased in the followingorder: infiltration enhancement > increase of bio-active substance > stabilization of soilstructure. The effects of plant roots on soil mineral weathering and leaching can be quantifiedusing the multiple regression models with the high prediction accuracies developed in this study.

关键词： plant roots, soil weathering and leaching rates, soil environment field, principal components analysis (PCA), chinese Loess Plateau.

Molecular cloning of growth hormone receptor (GHR) from common carp(Cyprinus carpio L.)and identification of its two forms of mRNA transcripts

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第11期16卷 1156-1163页

作者： SUN Xiaofeng~ 1,2., GUO Qionglin~1**, HU Wei~1, WANG Yaping~1 and ZHU Zuoyan~1(1. State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, chinese Academy of sciences, Wuhan 43.072.{2. 2. Graduate school of chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 10003.,{2.) [a]State key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China China [b]Graduate school of chinese Academy of {2. Beijing China

The cDNA of growth hormone receptor (GHR) was cloned from the liver of 2.year common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA end (RACE). Its open reading frame (ORF) of 1806 nucleotides is translated into a putative peptide of 602.amino acids, including an extracellular ligand-binding domain of 2.4 amino acids (aa), a single transmembrane domain of 2. aa and an intracellular signal-transduction domain of 3.4 aa. Sequence analysis indicated that common carp GHR is highly homologous to goldfish (Carassius auratus) GHR at both gene and protein levels. Using a pair of gene-specific primers, a GHR fragment was amplified from the cDNA of 2.year common carp, a 2.4 bp product was identified in liver and a 3.0} bp product in other tissues. The sequencing of the products and the partial genomic DNA indicated that the difference in product size was the result of a 97 bp intron that alternatively spliced. In addition, the 3.0} bp fragment could be amplified from all the tissues of 4-month common carp including liver, demonstrating the occurrence of the alternative splicing of this intron during the development of common carp. Moreover, a semi-quantitative RT-PCR was performed to analyze the expression level of GHR in tissues of 2.year common carp and 4-month common carp. The result revealed that in the tissues of gill, thymus and brain, the expression level of GHR in 2.year common carp was significantly lower than that of 4-month common carp.

关键词： growth hormone receptor (GHR) molecular cloning transcript expression analysis common carp.

Population information extraction in Chaohu watershed based on RS and GIS

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chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第2期48卷 181-183页

作者： LIU Jianjun1,2.& LI Chunlai3.1. Institute of Geochemistry, chinese Academy of sciences, Guiyang 550002.{2. 2. Graduate school, chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 10003.,{2. 3. National Astronomical Observatories, chinese Academy of sciences, {13. 100012.{2. Correspondence should be addressed to Liu Jianjun (e-mail: dhsliujj@ ***) Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang China Graduate school Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

It is always difficult to extract population in-formation of small watershed during the region environment assessment. The report adopted compound areal interpola-tion to study the population in Chaohu watershed with the GIS technique and landuse interpretation data from remote sensing. The result indicated that the method is effective to extract population information of small watershed.

关键词：巢湖流域人口分布信息提取 RS GIS 小流域生态环境评价

SHRIMP zircon U-Pb geochronology of early Mesozoic felsic igneous rocks from the southern Lancangjiang and its tectonic implications

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Science china Earth sciences 2006年第10期49卷 1032-1042页

作者： PENG Touping1,2. WANG Yuejun1, FAN Weiming1, LIU Dunyi3. SHI Yuruo3.& MIAO Laicheng4 1. Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, chinese Academy of sciences, Guangzhou 510640,{2. 2. Graduate University of chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 10003.,{2. 3. SHRIMP isotope Laboratory, chinese Academy of Geological sciences, beijing 10003.,{2. 4. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 10002.,{2. Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China Graduate University of chinese Academy of sciences Beijing China SHRIMP isotope Laboratory Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The SHRIMP zircon U-Pb geochronology of three typical samples, including two monzo nitic granites from the Lincang batholith and a rhyolite from the Manghuai Formation are presented in the southern Lancangjiang, western Yunnan Province. The analyses of zircons for the biotite monzonitic granites from the northern (02.X-13.) and southern (2.JH-10) Lincang batholith show the single and tight clusters on the concordia, and yield the weighted mean 2.6Pb/2.8U ages of 2.9.4 ± 3.0 Ma and 2.0.4 ± 3.6 Ma, respectively, representing the crystallized ages of these granites. The zircons for the rhyolitic sample (02.X-95) from the Manghuai Formation give a weighted mean 2.6Pb/2.8U age of 2.1.0 ± 5.0 Ma. These data suggest that the igneous rocks from the Lincang granitic batholith and Manghuai Formation have a similar crystallized age. In combination with other data, it is inferred that both were generated at a narrow age span (~2.0 Ma) and were originated from the postcollisional tectonic regime. An early Proterozoic 2.6Pb/2.8U apparent age of 1977±44 Ma is additionally obtained from one zircon from the biotite monzonitic granite (southern Lincang batholith), indicative of devel- opment of the early Proterozoic Yangtze basement in the region. These precisely geochronological data provide important constraints on better understanding the Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Tethys, western Yunnan Province.

关键词： SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating, Middle Triassic, Lincang granitic batholith, Manghuai Formation rhyolite, southern Lancangjiang.

Explicit analytical solutions of the anisotropic Brinkman model for the natural convection in porous media(Ⅱ)

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2005年第4期48卷 422-430页

作者： CAI Ruixian1, GOU Chenhua1, 2.& ZHANG Na1 1. Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, chinese Academy of sciences, {2. 100080, china 2. Graduate school, chinese Academy of sciences, {2. 100080, china 1. Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences 100080 Beijing China 2. Graduate school Chinese Academy of Sciences 10080 Beijing China

Some algebraically explicit analytical solutions are derived for the anisotropic Brinkman model―an improved Darcy model―describing the natural convection in porous media. Besides their important theoretical meaning (for example, in analyzing the non-Darcy and anisotropic effects on the convection), such analytical solutions can be the benchmark solutions that can promote the development of computational heat and mass transfer. Some solutions considering the anisotropic effect of permeability have been given previously by the authors, and this paper gives solutions including the anisotropic effect of thermal conductivity and the effect of heat sources.

关键词： explicit analytical solution, porous medium, natural convection, Brinkman model, anisotropic.

Assessing the Carrying Capacity of Tourist Resorts: An Application of Tourists’ Spatial Behavior Simulator Based on GIS and Multi-Agent System

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural sciences 2005年第4期10卷 779-784页

作者： ZHANG Ren-jun 1,2.1. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, chinese Academy of sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan,{2. 2. Graduated school of the chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 10003.,{2. chinese Academy of sciences Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chengdu Sichuan China (GRID:grid.9227.e) (ISNI:***) Graduated school of the chinese Academy of {2. Beijing China (GRID:grid.9227.e) (ISNI:***)

Based on the study of visitors' individual spatial behaviors, a tourists'spatial behavior simulator (TSBS) to assess the carrying capacity of tourist resorts was developed,TSBS employs GIS (Geographic Information System) to manage the spatial data,and Multi-Agent systemto simulate the actions of individual visitors. By utilizing TSBS, visitors' travel patterns such aslocation, cost, and state can be analyzed and predicted. Based on this analysis and prediction, themodel of assessing the carrying capacity of resorts is built. Our results show that TSBS will be aneffective tool to accurately assess the carrying capacity of tourist resorts.

关键词： tourist resort carrying capacity TSBS GIS Multi-Agent simulator

Spatial heterogeneity of the driving forces of cropland change in china

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第12期48卷 2231-2240页

作者： LIU Xuhua1,2. WANG Jinfeng1, LIU Mingliang4,1 & MENG Bin1,2.3.1. Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research, {3. Academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 2. Graduate school of the {3. Academy of sciences, beijing 10003., china 3. College of Arts and sciences of beijing Union University, beijing 100083. china 4. school of Forestry and Wildlife sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, AL3.849, USA 1. Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China 2. Graduate school of the chinese Academy of {2. 100039 Beijing China 3. school of Forestry and Wildlife sciences Auburn University Auburn AL36849 Alabama USA 4. College of Arts and sciences of beijing Union University 100083 Beijing China

By using digital satellite remote sensing data acquired in 1987―1989 and 1999―2.00 and GIS combined with the natural and socio-economic data, this paper drew an integrated zonation of the cropland change and its driving forces in china. The results indicated that the cropland change in the study period was constrained by geographical factors and driven by cli-mate change as well as socio-economic system. Moreover, the regional differences of the drivers for cropland change were significant. In the midwest of china, natural condition changes and geographical background were the main constraints and drivers, while in Eastern china, social and economic changes and economic policies were the main driving forces. The cropland loss was nationwide. The dominant factors to cause this decrease included buildup of developing area to attract foreign capital and technologies, changes of industry structure due to urban in-fluence, the change of employment notions thanks to living standard improvement, rapid ur-banization due to the expansion of cities and towns, the diminished farming net income partly because of the global warming effects, and the rapid economic growth stimulated by the con-venient transportation system. These factors interact and interdepend with each other to cause the cropland loss in china recently. The reasons for the increase of cropland were primarily the cultivation and deforestation by the farmers who want to increase income. This study on the mechnism of LUCC relied on the cropland change integrated classification considering the natural or human factors both inside and outside the region, which provides a new approach to study the integrated regionalization and LUCC mechanism.

关键词： land use change, driving force, integrated classification, spatial statistics, cropland, china.