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The fluxes and controlling factors of N_2. and CH_4 emissions from freshwater marsh in northeast china

Science china Earth sciences 2010年第5期53卷 700-709页

作者： YU JunBao1,2. LIU JingShuang2. SUN ZhiGao1, SUN WeiDong3, WANG JinDa2. WANG GuoPing2.& CHEN XiaoBing1 1 Key lab of Coastal Envionment Processed, Yantai institute of Coastal Zone Research for Sustainable Development,{2., Yantai 2.4003, china 2.Key lab of wetland ecology and environment, northeast institute of geography and agricultural ecology,{2., changchun 130012. china 3 Key laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and Geochemistry, Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry,{2., Guangzhou 510640, china Key lab of Coastal Envionment Processed Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research for Sustainable Development Chinese Academy of Sciences Yantai China Key lab of wetland {2. and environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China Key laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China

Nitrous oxide (N2.) and methane (CH4) emissions were measured using a static chamber method in two adjacent plots of freshwater marsh predominated by Calamagrostis angustifolia, one is seasonal waterlogged (SW) and the other without surface water accumulation (NW), in Sanjiang Plain wetland (47°35′N, 133°31′E), northeast {2., during 2.02.2.04. The diurnal and seasonal flux variations of both gases were significantly correlated with 5-cm-soil temperature. The NW marsh is a source of N2. and sink of CH4, while the SW marsh is sink of N2. and source of CH4. Remarkably, we observed a N2. emission peak under Eh of +300 to +100 mV, and CH4 emission peak under Eh of +300 to +400 mV, which indicate additional sources of N2. and CH4 for the freeze-thaw induced emission peaks of N2. and CH4 observed between late July and early August. Further study shows that the additional N2. and CH4 were emitted under the frozen soil after thawing.

关键词： freeze-thaw region freshwater marsh methane nitrous oxide controlling factors

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DISTRIBUTION OF MERCURY IN TYPICAL wetland PLANTS IN THE SANJIANG PLAIN

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chinese Geographical Science 2003年第3期13卷 242-246页

作者： LIU Ru-hai, WANG Qi-chao, WANG Yan, ZHANG Lei, SHAO Zhi-guo(northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology, chinese academy of sciences, changchun 130012. P. R. china) northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun P. R. China

Total mercury concentration of typical wetland plants was analyzed in thispaper. There were great differences of total mercury concentration among different plants:moss>hydrophyte>sedge>herbage>shrub. Total mercury concentrations show an increasing trend fromvascular plants to bryophytes, and from dry to wet lands. The mercury concentration of wetlandplants was higher than that of crops. The wetland soil was the source of mercury in the air close tothe ground, so it affected the concentration of mercury in the plant. In different parts of aplant, mercury concentration was in the order of: dead stand>root>leaf>stem. Mercury concentrationincreased at the initial stage and decreased in the end of the growing season. According to themercury content and biomass, mercury stock of plants was 39.4μg/m^2.above ground in Calamagrostisangustifolia wetland and 35.8μg /m^2.in Carex lasiocarpa wetland.

关键词： wetland plant mercury the sanjiang plain

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Comparison of physiological responses to oxidative and heavy metal stress in seedlings of rice paddy, Oryza sativa L.

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Journal of environmental sciences 2000年第4期12卷 458-462页

作者： YU Guo\|ying, WANG Guo\|ping, HE Chi\|quan (lab for wetland Process and {2., changchun institute of geography, The chinese academy of sciences, changchun 13002.,china E\|mail: yuguoying@***) 中科院长春地理所湿地环境开放实验室吉林长春 1 3 0 0 2

Physiological responses on the bases of activities of antioxidant enzymes: peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase as well as estimation of total protein, lipid peroxidation and thiols in the form of protein, non\|protein, glutathione and phytochelatin measured in growing seedlings of paddy, Oryza sativa L., from day 2.to 8 were compared following treatment of seeds for 5h with oxidative agents, paraquat 5 × 10 -5 , 10 -4 , 10 -3 mol/L, H 2. 2.10 -3 , 5×10 -3 , 10 -2. mol/L, and CdCl 2.10 -5 , 10 -4 , 5×10 -3 mol/L. A significant induction of all antioxidant enzymes along with an increase in the levels of protein, lipid peroxidation and glutathione was noted in response to oxidative stress, CdCl 2.induced significant peroxidase and catalase activities but not superoxide dismutase. In a marked contrast from oxidative stress, CdCl 2.decreased glutathione reductase activity as well as glutathione levels but increased phytochelatin level. The different physiological responses thus underlined the crucial involvement of glutathione and phytochelatin in the oxidative and heavy metal\|linduced adaptive responses respectively.

关键词： adaptive response oxidative stress heavy metal antioxidant enzymes glutathione phytochelatin

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DYNAMIC CHANGES OF THE wetland AND ITS DRIVING FORCES IN FUJIN REGION IN SANJIANG PLAIN,china

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湿地科学 2005年第3期3卷 176-182页

作者： WANG Zhi-Qiang~1,2. CHEN Ming~1,2.WANG Dan-Dan~1,2., ZHANG Bai~1,ZHANG Shu-Qing~1(1. northeast institute of geography and agricultural ecology, the chinese academy of sciences,{2. Jilin 130012. china 2. Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100039, china ) northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology the Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun Jilin 130012China Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039China northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology the Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun Jilin 130012China

wetland is a kind of key natural resources. However, the wetlands have been shrinking rapidly in Sangjiang Plain and its functions have been degrading. These all hold back the sustainable development of human communities, and lead to great change in the land use /cover (LUCC), consequently caused global changes in climate, water cycling, etc.. Taken Fujin region as a case study, spatial and temporal dynamic processes of wetland and its driving forces were analyzed from 1954 to 2.00 in this paper. It showed that the wetlands had been reduced from 52.104 ha to 11×104 ha in areas during the nearly 50 years . The percentage of wetland areas reduced from 61.2.% to 12.39%. On the other hand, cultivated land increased from 2.×104 ha to 60×104 ha in areas. The percentage of the areas increased from 2..31% to 70.45%. Further quantitative analysis of the wetland landscape conversion characteristics and the correlation analysis between the change of wetland areas and population increase were made. The results showed that 40×104 ha wetlands had been converted to cultivated land within half of a century; the correlation between the rate of wetland loss and that of population increased is nearly -0.92.. So it was concluded that the main driving force of wetland shrinkage in Fujin region was the colonization of human being.

关键词：湿地动态变化三江平原生态系统生态环境

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Estimating Soil Erosion in northeast china Using ^(137)Cs and ^(2.0)Pbex

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Pedosphere 2011年第6期21卷 706-711页

作者： YANG Yu-Hong YAN Bai-Xing ZHU Hui Key laboratory of wetland {2. and environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130012 （China） College of Water Resources North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power Zhengzhou 450011 （China）

Evaluation of soil erosion in agricultural fields is valuable to develop conservation practices for reducing agricultural nonpoint source pollution. Soil erosion rates were quantified using the fallout radionuclide tracer technique in Mojiagou Basin located on the outskirts of {2. in northeast china. The calculated soft erosion rates in the study area were 1.99 and 1.85 mm year-1 using 137Cs and excess 2.0pb （2.0Pbex） measurements, respectively. Both fallout radionuclides showed a similar tendency at downslope sites. All measured sites have experienced net erosion during the past 50 to 100 years. 137Cs and 2.0Pbex measurements were useful to quantify soil erosion rates on field and small basin scales. At this rate of erosion, the current fertile topsoil layer would be entirely removed within 70 years.

关键词： black soil fallout radionuclide tracer technique rainfall erosivity reference inventory soil loss

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Landscape planning and ecology construction of wetland comprehensive protected area system in the Sanjiang Plain

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Journal of environmental sciences 2000年第3期12卷 361-366页

作者： LIU Hong\|yu, LU Xian\|guo, LIU Zhen\|qian (changchun institute of {2., chinese academy of sciences, changchun 13002., china) 中科院长春地理所吉林长春 1 3 0 0 2

wetland is one of the richest biodiversity areas in the earth. The main purpose of establishing wetland protected area is to protect biodiversity, and the protection of ecosystem diversity and landscape diversity is the key to protect biodiversity. In order to protect regional ecosystem and landscape, it is a good way to establish wetland comprehensive protected area which connected wetland nature reserves by habitat corridors. The Sanjiang Plain as a study area, its landscape evaluation index system on wetland protected area was studied, and some problems on landscape planning and ecology construction were further approached in this *** showed that establishing wetland comprehensive protected area is very important to protect regional wetlands, to maintain ecological balance, and to improve the sustainable development of agriculture and industry in this region.

关键词： landscape planning ecology construction wetland protected area

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CARBON DYNAMICS OF wetland IN THE SANJIANG PLAIN

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chinese Geographical Science 2003年第3期 37-40页

作者： SONG Chang-chun1,2. WANG Yi-yong 1,WANG Yue-si 2. YAN Bai-xing1 WANG De-xuan1, ZHAO Zhi-chun1, LOU Yan-jing1(1. northeast institute of geography and agricultural ecology, chinese academy of sciences, {2. 130012. P. R. china: 2. institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 10002., P. R. china) northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology，chinese academy of Scienes. changchun 130012.P. R. china institute of Atmospheric Physics，chinese {2. of sciences，Beijing 10002.，P. R. china northeast institute of {2. and agricultural ecology，chinese academy of Scienes. changchun 130012.P. R. china institute of Atmospheric Physics，chinese {2. of sciences，Beijing 10002.，P. R. china

Methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2. emission was measured from mires in the Sanjiang Plain, northeast china, by using a static chamber technique during free snow-covered periods. The seasonal mean emission of CH4 was 12.4mg/(m2.h) and the emission range of CO2.was 8.7-16.6g/(m2.d) (gross CO2.flux) during plant growth period. CO2.emission rate in the day was stronger than that at night, and the daily peak appears at 19:00. The mire plants in the Sanjiang Plain begin to sprout at the end of April. The aboveground biomass of the mire plants increased from zero to the peak from July to September and showed single peak form. The aboveground biomass of Carex lasiocarpa (464.8g/m2. was lower than that of Deyeuxia platyphylla (530.8g/m2., but the underground biomass was higher than that of Deyeuxia platyphylla. Gross CO2.flux showed the significance positive correlation relationship with plant biomass. Gross CO2.flux and CH4 emission were also correlated with soil temperature (0-5cm) and water temperature. However, the highest CH4 emission rate lagged behind the highest soil temperature in the root area during plant growth period. The data also indicated that wet and warm conditions during the early spring led to greater value of CH4 emission flux. Inundation is the necessary condition for the existence of methane bacteria, but there is no significant positive correlation between the inundation depth and CH4 emission rate in this region. Within the same growing season and under the same inundation condition, the variations of CH4 emission rate could be markedly different.

关键词： mire methane emission gross carbon dioxide static chamber technique soil temperature

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Using remote sensing to research Beijing wetlands dynamics

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2006年第Z2期49卷 97-107页

作者： ZHAO Wenji, GONG Zhaoning, GONG Huili, LI Xiaojuan, ZHANG Songmei & LI Jing Key lab of Resource environment and GIS of Beijing, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100037, {2. northeast institute of geography and Agroecology, chinese academy of sciences, changchun 130012. china College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, {2. Capital Normal Univ Key Lab Resource Environm Beijing 100037 Peoples R China Capital Normal Univ GIS Beijing Beijing 100037 Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci NE Inst Geog & Agroecol Changchun 130012 Peoples R China Beijing Normal Univ Coll Resources Sci & Technol Beijing 100875 Peoples R China

In Beijing, where wetlands are important to municipal freshwater conservation and biodiversity retention, three different types of wetlands were identified: riverside wetlands, wetlands surrounding lakes and reservoirs, and wetlands in municipal *** sensing technology was applied in combination with field investigations to monitor and analyze the changes in these wetlands, and a combination of fusion technologies,Landsat TM/ETM+ and IKONOS imaging, was used to investigate and map them. This study indicates that not only have wetland areas been reduced by half, but also their ecological environments have been degraded because of rapid economic development and population increase. Suggestions based on this research are made to reconstruct the ecological environment of the wetlands and return them to their previous state.

关键词： Beijing, wetland resource, remote sensing technology, ecological environment, dynamics.

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莫莫格保护区湿地土壤均化洪水效益研究

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土壤学报 2005年第1期42卷 159-162页

作者：许林书姜明东北师范大学城市与环境科学学院长春130024 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所长春130012

作为"地球之肾"的湿地,具有均化洪水、调节气候、污染物降解、防止自然力侵蚀等众多的功能和用途.湿地效益研究就是将湿地的这些功能、用途及属性给以定量化、货币化.目前对湿地均化洪水效益研究中大都考虑湿地对地表水的均化作用[1],(... 详细信息

作为"地球之肾"的湿地,具有均化洪水、调节气候、污染物降解、防止自然力侵蚀等众多的功能和用途.湿地效益研究就是将湿地的这些功能、用途及属性给以定量化、货币化.目前对湿地均化洪水效益研究中大都考虑湿地对地表水的均化作用[1],(1),缺乏对湿地土壤均化洪水的定量、系统研究.而湿地土壤的孔隙度大,储水能力高,可以保持大于其本身重量3～9倍或更高的蓄水量,因此湿地土壤的均化洪水效益是不可忽视的.本文利用野外测得数据和GIS手段,结合地统计分析方法,定量研究湿地土壤的均化洪水效益,可以弥补在这项研究中的空白.

关键词：湿地土壤保护区节气储水气候用途蓄水量污染物降解地表水洪水

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Effect of Freezing-Thawing Process on wetland Soil Iron

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 237-237页

作者： Yuanchun Zou,Xianguo Lu,Ming Jiang,Xiaofei Yu Key laboratory of wetland {2. and environment,northeast institute of geography and Agro{2.,chinese academy of sciences,changchun {12.china.

The iron concentrations of snows,semi-melting snows,snowmelts,and ditch waters were observed in four typical microhabitats,Carex lasiocarpa marsh(Ⅰ), Calamagrostis angustifolia wet meadow(Ⅱ),dry land (Ⅲ)and paddy field(Ⅳ),of Sanjiang Plain wetland, northeast *** sample was collected from three sites of one microhabitat,mixed together, filtrated with 0.45μm membrane,and tested using atomic absorption spectrometry(AAS)for iron *** iron concentrations of soil solutions were investigated as *** soil solution was in-situ extracted by negative pressure,filtrated with 0.45μm membrane,and tested using AAS,too. The results showed that the wet precipitation of iron from snow were little to *** loss of iron was attributed to the interaction of water and soil surface. The iron concentrations of snowmelts were 7.4,15,

关键词： freezing-thawing process iron wetland soil Sanjiang Plain

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