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Energy analysis for damage and catastrophic failure of rocks

Science china(Technological Sciences) 2011年第S1期54卷 199-209页

作者： XIE HePing 1,2,LI LiYun 2,1,JU Yang 2,PENG RuiDong 2 & YANG YongMing 2 1 Sichuan university,Chengdu 610065,china 2 state key laboratory of coal resources and safe mining,beijing key laboratory of fracture and damage mechanics of rock and concrete,china university of mining and technology,beijing 100083,china Sichuan university Chengdu China state key laboratory of coal resources and safe mining Beijing Key Laboratory of Fracture and Damage Mechanics of Rock and Concrete China University of Mining and Technology Beijing China

The development history and current state of studies on the characteristics and mechanisms of deformation and failure of rock materials were briefly reviewed from the viewpoint of *** main scope and the achievable objectives of the energy-based research system were *** was validated by experiments that the damage process of rocks can be well described by the rock damage evolution equation established based on energy *** was found from the uniaxial compression and biaxial compression tests that only a small proportion of the total input energy in hard rocks is dissipated before peak load and a large proportion in soft rocks is dissipated before peak *** both hard and soft rocks,the energy dissipated after peak load accounts for a greater *** energy would be required for rock failure under equal biaxial compression than under unequal biaxial *** total absorbed energy is different for rock failure under high-rate loading and low-rate *** fragmented failure pattern usually corresponds to higher energy *** mesoscopic analysis on the damage and failure of bedded salt rocks showed that the energy dissipation is prominent and the total absorbed energy for rock failure is low when cracks propagate in the weak mud interlayer while it is contrary when cracks propagate in the salt *** energy accumulation,transfer,dissipation and release during the failure process of tunnel with impending failure under disturbance were analyzed theoretically based on the elastoplastic mechanics ***,the spatial distribution of energy dissipation and energy release of fractured rocks under unloading was simulated *** was demonstrated that energy is likely to be released from the weakest surface under compression,which triggers the global failure of rocks.

关键词： rock deformation failure energy accumulation energy dissipation energy release

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Thermal-mechanical coupled effect on fracture mechanism and plastic characteristics of sandstone

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2007年第6期50卷 833-843页

作者： ZUO JianPing1,2, XIE HePing2,3, ZHOU HongWei1,2 PENG SuPing1 1 state key laboratory of coal resources and safe mining, china university of mining and technology, beijing 100083, china 2 Institute of rock mechanics and Fractals, china university of mining and technology, beijing 100083, china 3 Sichuan university, Chengdu 610065, china state key laboratory of coal resources and safe mining China University of Mining and Technology Beijing China Institute of rock mechanics and Fractals China University of Mining and Technology Beijing China Sichuan university Chengdu China

Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) was employed to investigate fractographs of sandstone in mine roof strata under thermal-mechanical coupled effect. Based on the evolution of sandstone surface morphology in the failure process and frac- tography, the fracture mechanism was studied and classified under meso and mi- cro scales, respectively. The differences between fractographs under different tem- peratures were examined in detail. Under high temperature, fatigue fracture and plastic deformation occurred in the fracture surface. Therefore, the temperature was manifested by these phenomena to influence strongly on micro failure mechanism of sandstone. In addition, the failure mechanism would transit from brittle failure mechanism at low temperature to coupled brittle-ductile failure mechanism at high temperature. The variation of sandstone strength under differ- ent temperature can be attributed to the occurrence of plastic deformation, fatigue fracture, and microcracking. The fatigue striations in the fracture surfaces under high temperature may be interpreted as micro fold. And the coupled effect of tem- perature and tensile stress may be another formation mechanism of micro fold in geology.

关键词： sandstone, thermal-mechanical coupled effects, fractograph, plastic deformation, SEM, micro fold

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Experimental study of dynamic mechanical properties of reactive powder concrete under high-strain-rate impacts

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2010年第9期53卷 2435-2449页

作者： JU Yang1,2,LIU HongBin1,SHENG GuoHua1,3 & WANG HuiJie1 1 state key laboratory of coal resources and safe mining,beijing key laboratory of fracture and damage mechanics of rocks and concrete,china university of mining and technology,beijing 100083,china 2 Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering,university of Calgary,2500 university Drive,AB T2N 1N4,Canada 3 School of resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern university,Shenyang 110004,china state key laboratory of coal resources and safe mining Beijing Key Laboratory of Fracture and Damage Mechanics of Rocks and Concrete China University of Mining and Technology Beijing China Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of Calgary Calgary Canada School of resources and Civil Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang China

The dynamic mechanical properties of reactive powder concrete subjected to compressive impacts with high strain rates ranging from 10 to 1.1×102 s-1 were investigated by means of SHPB (split-Hopkinson-pressure-bar) tests of the cylindrical specimens with five different steel fiber volumetric *** properties of wave stress transmission,failure,strength,and energy consumption of RPC with varied fiber volumes and impact strain rates were *** influences of impact strain rates and fiber volumes on those properties were characterized as *** general forms of the dynamic stress-strain relationships of RPC were modeled based on the experimental *** investigations indicate that for the plain RPC the stress response is greater than the strain response,showing strong brittle *** RPC with a certain volume of fibers sustains higher strain rate impact and exhibits better deformability as compared with the plain *** a constant fiber fraction,the peak compressive strength,corresponding peak strain and the residual strain of the fiber-reinforced RPC rise by varying amounts when the impact strain rate increases,with the residual strain demonstrating the greatest *** the fiber content makes trivial contribution to improving the residual deformability of RPC when the impact strain rate is *** tests also show that the fiber content affects the peak compressive strength and the peak deformability of RPC in a different *** a constant impact strain rate and the fiber fraction less than 1.75%,the peak compressive strength rises with an increasing fiber *** peak compressive strength tends to decrease as the fiber volume exceeds 1.75%.The corresponding peak strain,however,incessantly rises with the increasing fiber *** total energy Edisp that RPC consumed during the period from the beginning of impacts to the time of residual strains elevates with the fiber volume increment as long as the fiber fraction

关键词： impact reactive powder concrete (RPC) high strain rate dynamic strength energy consumption dynamic stress-strain response

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A statistical model for porous structure of rocks

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2008年第11期51卷 2040-2058页

作者： JU Yang1,2, YANG YongMing1, SONG ZhenDuo3 & XU WenJing4 1 state key laboratory of coal resources and safe mining, china university of mining & technology, beijing 100083, china 2 Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The university of Calgary, 2500 university Drive NW Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada 3 china National coal mining Equipment Co. Ltd, beijing 100011, china 4 Department of Materials and Metallurgy, The university of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA state key laboratory of coal resources and safe mining China University of Mining & Technology Beijing China Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering The University of Calgary Calgary Canada china National coal mining Equipment Co. Ltd Beijing China Department of Materials and Metallurgy The University of Utah Utah USA

The geometric features and the distribution properties of pores in rocks were in- vestigated by means of CT scanning tests of sandstones. The centroidal coordi- nates of pores, the statistic characterristics of pore distance, quantity, size and their probability density functions were formulated in this paper. The Monte Carlo method and the random number generating algorithm were employed to generate two series of random numbers with the desired statistic characteristics and prob- ability density functions upon which the random distribution of pore position, dis- tance and quantity were determined. A three-dimensional porous structural model of sandstone was constructed based on the FLAC3D program and the information of the pore position and distribution that the series of random numbers defined. On the basis of modelling, the Brazil split tests of rock discs were carried out to ex- amine the stress distribution, the pattern of element failure and the inosculation of failed elements. The simulation indicated that the proposed model was consistent with the realistic porous structure of rock in terms of their statistic properties of pores and geometric similarity. The built-up model disclosed the influence of pores on the stress distribution, failure mode of material elements and the inosculation of failed elements.

关键词： porous structure statistical model random numbers reconstruction rocks

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Numerical simulation of mechanisms of deformation,failure and energy dissipation in porous rock media subjected to wave stresses

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2010年第4期53卷 1098-1113页

作者： JU Yang1,2,WANG HuiJie1,YANG YongMing1,HU QinAng3 & PENG RuiDong1 1 state key laboratory of coal resources and safe mining,beijing key laboratory of fracture and damage mechanics of rock and concrete,china university of mining and technology,beijing 100083,china 2 Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering,university of Calgary,Calgary,Alberta,T2N 1N4,Canada 3 School of Environment and Civil Engineering,College of Engineering,Oklahoma state university,Stillwater,OK 74078,USA state key laboratory of coal resources and safe mining Beijing Key Laboratory of Fracture and Damage Mechanics of Rock and Concrete China University of Mining and Technology Beijing China Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of Calgary Calgary Canada School of Environment and Civil Engineering College of Engineering Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA

The pore characteristics,mineral compositions,physical and mechanical properties of the subarkose sandstones were acquired by means of CT scan,X-ray diffraction and physical tests.A few physical models possessing the same pore characteristics and matrix properties but different porosities compared to the natural sandstones were *** 3D finite element models of the rock media with varied porosities were established based on the CT image processing of the physical models and the MIMICS software *** failure processes of the porous rock media loaded by the split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) were simulated by satisfying the elastic wave propagation *** dynamic responses,stress transition,deformation and failure mechanisms of the porous rock media subjected to the wave stresses were *** is shown that an explicit and quantitative analysis of the stress,strain and deformation and failure mechanisms of porous rocks under the wave stresses can be achieved by using the developed 3D finite element *** applied wave stresses of certain amplitude and velocity,no evident pore deformation was observed for the rock media with a porosity less than 15%.The deformation is dominantly the combination of microplasticity(shear strain),cracking(tensile strain) of matrix and coalescence of the cracked regions around *** stresses lead to microplasticity,while tensile stresses result in cracking of the *** and coalescence of the matrix elements in the neighborhood of pores resulted from the high transverse tensile stress or tensile strain which exceeded the threshold *** simulation results of stress wave propagation,deformation and failure mechanisms and energy dissipation in porous rock media were in good agreement with the physical *** present study provides a reference for analyzing the intrinsic mechanisms of the complex dynamic response,stress transit mode,deformation and failure mechanisms and the disaster mechanism

关键词： porous media three-dimensional finite element model rock media stress wave failure mechanism energy dissipation

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STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN damage AND AE ENERGY ACUMULATION OF coal SAMPLES BASED ON THE UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION TEST

STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DAMAGE AND AE ENERGY ACUMU...

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The 7th International Symposium on rockburst and Seismicity in Mines(RaSiM7)

作者： XIAO-BIN YANG and YUE-PING QIN state key laboratory of coal resources and safe mining china university of mining and technology beijing 100083 china DA-GUO WANG Center for Material Failure Modeling Research Dalian university Dalian 116622 china

＜正＞rockburst is the result of a dynamic instability phenomenon of surrounding rock in underground projects in deep high-geostress *** prediction and mechanism of rockburst are important issues in many underground projects. The study of the mechanical and physical properties of rock under different loads and physical chemistry conditions is the primary consideration for *** relationship between the damage and the AE energy accumulation has been studied by the uniaxial compression test in this ***,several coal samples are tested under the uniaxial compression test to obtain the curves of the stress-strain and the AE energy accumulation and strain,which are then fitted by a logarithmic ***,based on the damage rock mechanics Theory and the energy conservation equation,the damage evolution model of coal is constructed through analysis of the experimental *** damage factor varies with the strain and is given by analyzing the experimental data which yields the values of the material constant in the theoretical ***,through the relationship between the AE energy accumulation strain and the damage factor strain,the relationship between the AE energy accumulation and the damage factor can be obtained. Based on the damage evolution model and the AE detection method,the results of this paper will provide a theoretical reference for rockburst prediction in coal mines.

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INVESTIGATION OF THE coal BUMP LIABILITY THROUGH MICROSCOPIC EXPERIMENTS

INVESTIGATION OF THE COAL BUMP LIABILITY THROUGH MICROSCOPIC...

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The 7th International Symposium on rockburst and Seismicity in Mines(RaSiM7)

作者： YAO-DONG JIANG YI-XIN ZHAO and JIE ZHU state key Lab of coal resources and safe mining School of mechanics Architecture and Civil Engineering china university of mining and technology beijing 100083 P.R.china

＜正＞The investigation on the mechanism of coal bumps is always one of the hot topics in the field of mining and rock mechanics all over the *** mine bumps are sudden failures near mine entries which may expel large amounts of coal and rock into the face area and cause damages to underground openings and to *** bump problems not only threaten the safety of mine workers,but also have caused the abandonment of large coal reserves. Researchers have made a large effort to understand,anticipate,and control this kind of hazard and achieved lots of helpful *** paper describes a series of microscopic experiments finished to analyze the relationship between bump-prone property and microstructureal characteristics of *** micro-process of unstable cracking in coal and the development process of coal bumps induced by propagation of fractures were analyzed ***, a bump liability indices based on the microstructure parameters of coal was proposed to determine the bump potential of coal.

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Mechanical analysis on instability of mining roadways under the close neighboring gob

Mechanical analysis on instability of mining roadways under ...

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The 2nd ISRM International Young Scholars’Symposium on rock mechanics

作者： F.L.He,J.Z.Tian,S.B.Zhang,H.Zhang & G.F.Zhai china university of mining and technology(beijing),beijing City,china state key laboratory of coal resources and safe mining(CUMT),beijing City,china

damage and instability of roadways are big problems to restrict excavation of the lower coal when the upper coal was mined-out in the close distance *** is No.10 coal that is 2.0 m down the No.9 coal in Wuhushan *** on site investigation of the spatial location of 1001 roadways and its deformation, the spatial mechanical model of lower roadway was established,then the relationship between roadway location and the re-distribution of stress after upper coal mined was analyzed and calculated,furthermore the failure criterion of lower roadways was drawn *** to the actual conditions of No.10 coal Seam,the key areas prone to damage and reasonable location to layout roadway were *** field practice shows this method to determine roadway location could effectively reduce the roadway damage and significantly reduce the costs of advance support during its service.

关键词： Mechanical analysis on instability of mining roadways under the close neighboring gob

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Researches on detection of 3-D underground cave based on TEM technique

Researches on detection of 3-D underground cave based on TEM...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所第11届（2011年度）学术年会

作者： G.Q.Xue·Y.J.Yan·J.L.Cheng key laboratory of Mineral resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,beijing 100029,china Department of Engineering mechanics,School of mechanics Civil and Architecture,Institute of Vibration Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical university,Xi’an 710072, People’s Republic of china state key laboratory of coal resources and safe mining, china university of mining and technology, beijing 100083,china

Because of unreasonable coal mining in china, there are many unknown underground caves,and the inhabited environment of humans is threatened by many geologic hazards,such as cracking of the buildings,ground subsidence,*** make the coal companies aware of the harmfulness of these hazards,it is urgent to determine the reasons for the *** this paper,transient electromagnetic method(TEM) is used to detect the ground resistance caves,instead of the time-consuming and expensive direct drilling *** results of the 3-D synthetic model and real field survey data are given. The results showed that the TEM method can be used to detect a complicated air-filled underground 3-D cave and coincide with the results of direct drilling survey.

关键词： Transient electromagnetic method Underground cave detection 3-D modeling

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地下煤火燃空区覆岩裂隙分布模型和局部化特征

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岩土力学 2015年第S2期36卷 104-110页

作者：王少锋李夕兵王德明李启月中南大学资源与安全工程学院湖南长沙410083 中国矿业大学煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室江苏徐州221116

在推导出覆岩层下沉曲面方程和微元面平面伸张量方程的基础上构建了地下煤火燃空区各覆岩离层裂隙率、破断裂隙率和总裂隙率的二维分布模型,经实例分析发现,覆岩裂隙场是由离层裂隙场和破断裂隙场组成的竖向不连续具有各向异性的非均质... 详细信息

在推导出覆岩层下沉曲面方程和微元面平面伸张量方程的基础上构建了地下煤火燃空区各覆岩离层裂隙率、破断裂隙率和总裂隙率的二维分布模型,经实例分析发现,覆岩裂隙场是由离层裂隙场和破断裂隙场组成的竖向不连续具有各向异性的非均质多孔介质,覆岩四周裂隙率大,内部裂隙率小;随着覆岩埋深减小,裂隙发育程度逐渐降低,离层裂隙率极大值由0.36、0.20、0.14、0.12逐次降低,破断裂隙率极大值由0.32、0.11、0.05、0.02逐次降低;在覆岩中部区域出现裂隙率竖向变化突变点;覆岩周边裂隙率分布形式由破断裂隙主导,内部则由离层裂隙主导。基于钻孔红外热像分析技术提出了一种间接性的覆岩裂隙现场实测方法,经验证选取的5个点的裂隙率计算值与实测值的差异率都小于9%,差异率低,模型具有较高的可靠性。

关键词：地下煤火离层裂隙破断裂隙裂隙率分布模型

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