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Application of backflush and micro-flow techniques to the analysis of C5—C13.hydrocarbons in crude oils and its geochemical significance

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第11期17卷 1382-1387页

作者： Wang Peirong1,2, Zhao Hong2,3. Xu Guanjun1,4, Zhu Cuishan2,3. Xiao Tingrong4, Zhang Min2,3.and Zhang Bin1,4(1. key laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry, china National Petroleum Corporation, Beijing 100083. china 2. Geochemistry Department of yangtze university, jingzhou 43.023, china 3. key laboratory of Exploration technologies for oil and gas {13., ministry of education, yangtze university, jingzhou 43.023, china 4. Petroleum Geology Central laboratory, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Petrochina, Beijing 100083. china) key laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing 100083 China Geochemistry Department of yangtze university Jingzhou 434023 China key laboratory of Exploration technologies for {3. and gas resources Ministry of Education Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China Petroleum Geology Central laboratory Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China

An Agilent 6890N GC equipped with both FID and Agilent 5975 MSD analyzer has been employed to analyze C5—C13.hydrocarbon fractions of crude oils. A technical combination of program temperature volatilizer injection, backflush and micro-flow controller afforded a fine separation of C5—C13.compounds on a PONA column with the heavy part of crude oils being cut off before entering the analytical column. Both GC-FID chromatogram and GC-MS mass chromatograms (MID and full scan) could be obtained at the same time. The retension time differences of nC6—nC13.alkanes between GC and TIC were in the range of 0.02—0.58 minutes. Totally 286 peaks have been assigned group compositions. Results on 8 typical oil samples from CNPC {3. laboratory Crude oil Library showed that the characteristics of C6—C13.hydrocarbon group composition could be used in oil-oil correlation studies.

关键词： GC analysis GC/MS analysis backflush micro-flow controller light fraction in crude oil

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Geochemical characterization of aromatic hydrocarbons in crude oils from the Tarim,Qaidam and Turpan Basins,NW china

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Petroleum Science 2010年第4期7卷 448-457页

作者： Zhang Min Paul Philp Department of Geochemistry Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei 434023 China The key laboratory of oil ＆ {3. resources and Exploration Technology Ministry of Education Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei 434023 China School of Geology and Geophysics University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019 USA

Based on the systematic study of aromatic hydrocarbons in over 100 crude oil samples collected from the Tabei and Tazhong uplifts in the Tarim Basin,the western depression area in the Qaidam Basin and the Tabei depression in the Turpan Basin,the geochemical characteristics of the marine（Tarim Basin）,saline lacustrine（Qaidam Basin）,and swamp（Turpan Basin） oils were *** marine oils from the Tarim basin are characterized by relatively low abundance of diaromatic hydrocarbons such as biphenyl and naphthalene,and relatively high abundance of triaromatic hydrocarbons including phenanthrene,dibenzothiophene and *** contrast,the swamp oils from the Turpan Basin are dominated by the highest relative abundance of diaromatic hydrocarbons and the lowest relative abundance of triaromatic hydrocarbons in all the oil samples in this *** relative abundance of diaromatic and triaromatic hydrocarbons in the saline lacustrine oils from Qaidam Basin is between that in Tarim oils and Turpan *** parameters based on the isomer distributions of dimethylnaphthalenes（DMN）,trimethylnaphthalenes（TMN）,tetramethylnaphthalenes（TeMN） and methylphenanthrenes（MP）,i.e.,1,2,5-trimethylnaphthalene（TMN）/1,3.6-TMN ratio,1,2,7-TMN/1,3.7TMN ratio,（2,6-＋2,7-）-dimethylnaphthalenes（DMN）/1,6-DMN ratio,1,3.7-TMN/（1,2,5-＋1,3.7-）TMN,1,3.6,7-TeMN/（1,3.6,7-＋1,2,5,6-＋1,2,3.5-）-TeMN ratio and MP index,may reflect the diversity of organic source input,thermal maturity and depositional *** addition,the dibenzothiophenes（DBTs）/fluorenes（Fs） and dibenzofurans（DBFs）/Fs ratios were found to the very useful and effective in determining genetic types of crude oils for the marine,saline lacustrine,and swamp depositional environments,and for oil-oil correlations.

关键词： china Tarim Basin Qaidam Basin Turpan Basin marine oil saline lacustrine oil coal-derived oil depositional environment aromatic hydrocarbons

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Abnormal high pressure in Kuqa foreland thrust belt of Tarim basin: Origin and impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第12期16卷 1307-1314页

作者： ZENG Lianbo~1** and LIU Benming~ 1,2 (1. key laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation in china Petroleum {3., ministry of education, Beijing 102249, china 2. The Institute of oil and gas Exploration and Development, Tarim oilfield Company, Petrochina Company Limited, Korla 841000, china) [a]ministry of education Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation in China Petroleum University Beijing China [b]The Institute of oil and gas Exploration and Development Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Company Limited Korla China

Following analyses of the abnormal high pressure distribution characteristics, based on the geological characteristics, tectonic stress field and physical simulation, we investigated the formation mechanisms of abnormal high pressure and its impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt. The abnormal high pressure appears at the bottom of the Paleogene and obviously exists in the Triassic and Jurassic. However, the pressure coefficient in the Triassic and Jurassic is lower than that in the Cretaceous and at the bottom of the Paleogene. Horizontally, the abnormal high pressure distribution is characterized by E-W orientation zoning. The maximum pressure coefficient lies in the Kelasu-Dongqiu-Dina tectonic zones in the center of the Kuqa foreland thrust belt and decreases away from the tectonic zones. The formation of abnormal high pressure was mainly related with the intense tectonic compression in the Early Pleistocene time, and tectonic uplifting, undercompaction and hydrocarbon generation were secondary factors contributing to abnormal high pressure. Under the rapid and intense tectonic compression in the Early Pleistocene, the rock framework firstly undertook 1/4 of the compression stress and the other was borne by the pore fluids. Due to the presence of great seal of gypsum-salt or gypsum-mudstone beds in the Paleogene, the pressure of pore fluids increased rapidly and led to the abnormal high pressure in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt. The abnormal high pressure has important impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation. It is one of the necessary conditions for formation of large oil and gas fields in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt.

关键词： abnormal high pressure formation mechanism oil and gas reservoir Kuqa foreland thrust belt Tarim basin.

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Characteristics of the Bottom Boundary(T11) of Late Cretaceous Yaojia Formation in Songliao Basin and Its Dynamic Background

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 141-142页

作者： Ying Song~(1,2),Jianye Ren~3.Huaizhong Yang~2 1.key laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum resources({3. university of Geosciences),ministry of education,Wuhan 43.074,{3.. 2.Faculty of Earth resources,{3. university of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 43.074,{3. 3.Structural Research Center of oil&{13. Bearing Basin,ministry of education,Branch Center in {3. university of Geosciences,Wuhan 43.074,{3.

Well-preserved Cretaceous lacustrine deposits in Songliao Basin NE china provide a unique oppor- tunity both for building the terrestrial type stage of Cretaceous in china and for studying the response of Cretaceous major global geological *** basin had undergone three stages of tectonic evolution during the Late Jurassic and Cretaceous:syn-rifting phase,post-rifting thermal subsidence phase and basin inversion *** shallow strata of Yaojia Formation contain excellent Putaohua and Sartu reservoir rocks,which contribute great to the giant

关键词： Songliao Basin tectonic inversion responding surface tectonic revolution

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Anisotropic damage coupled modeling of saturated porous rock

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2010年第10期53卷 2681-2690页

作者： LU YingFa1,2, WU XinXing1,2 & SHAO JianFu3.1 key laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area, ministry of {3., china Three Gorges university, Yichang 443.02, china 2 School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan university, Wuhan 43.071, china 3.university of Sciences and technologies of Lille, Lille 59655, France 1. key laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area Ministry of Education China Three Gorges University Yichang 443002 China2. School of Civil Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan 430071 China3. University of Sciences and Technologies of Lille Lille 59655 France

It is widely acknowledged that the natural rock mass is anisotropic and its failing type is also non-isotropic. An orthotropic elastic damaged model has been proposed in which the elastic deformation,the damaged deformation and irreversible deformation can be identified respectively. A second rank damage tensor is employed to characterize the induced damage and damage evolution related to the propagation conditions of microcracks. A specific form of the Gibbs free energy function is used to obtain the effective elastic stiffness and the limited scopes of damage parameters are suggested. The model’s parameter determination is proposed by virtue of conventional tri-axial test. Then,the proposed model is developed to simulate the coupled hydraulic mechanical responses and traction behaviors in different loading paths of porous media.

关键词： anisotropy damage modeling saturated rock tensile failure

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Composition of sandstone and heavy minerals implies the provenance of Kuqa Depression in Jurassic, Tarim basin, china

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第7期15卷 633-640页

作者： WU Chaodong, LIN Changsong, SHEN Yanping and FENG Xue ( key laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, ministry of {3., Peking university, Beijing 100871, china Department of resources, china university of Geosciences, Beijing 100083. china) key laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution Ministry of Education Peking University Beijing 100871 China. Department of resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

The petrological characteristics and heavy mineral assembly of the Jurassic System in Kuqa Basin are consistent with the tectonic evolution, which is the major factor controlling the filling process of Kuqa Basin. Controlled by the source areas at the both sides of the Basin, the matrixes are dominated by sedimentary rock, high-grade metamorphic rock, acid magmatic rock, and the highest heavy mineral assemblage of zircon-garnet-magnetite in the content. According to heavy mineral indexes, the Jurassic strata can be classified into three rhythmic units of heavy mineral. The lower sequence contains abundant heavy minerals and relatively high content of detritus and its matrixes primarily came form the recycling orogen. The assemblage of "zircon-garnet-magnetite" indicates that the sedimentary area in the early evolution period of the basin is relatively near the provenance. The middle sequence is different from the lower sequence in the heavy mineral assemblage and has the different characteristics from that of source rock. The heavy mineral assemblage is "garnet-zircon" with the highest content of garnet and its main matrices are the high-grade metamorphic rock, acid magmatic rock and hydrothermal vein at the northeastern edge of the basin. The middle and upper sequences are characterized by the clast provenance, which is primarily from the recycling orogen at the northern edge of the basin and secondarily from the southern uplift. As a result of the two provenances, the strata with apparent changes of heavy mineral assemblage and index better coincides with the interfaces of the secondary strata sequences, which reflects the denudation history and the filling process of the orogen at the northern edge of the basin.

关键词： sandstone components provenance analysis filling sequence tectonic evolution.

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Main Controls on Hydrocarbon Accumulation in the Paleozoic in Central Saudi Arabia

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Petroleum Science 2007年第2期4卷 10-17页

作者： Bai Guoping (key laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation under ministry of {3., china university of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, china) key laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation under ministry of {3. China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China

Sandi Arabia is renown for its rich oil and gas Mesozoic. However, the discovery of Paleozoic fields in resources with the bulk of the reserves reservo/red in the the late 1980s has encouraged further exploration in the Paleozoic. This paper reviews the salient features of the Paleozoic petroleum geology in central Saudi Arabia and discusses the main factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation in the Paleozoic. The Lower Silurian Qusaiba hot shale is the principal source rock for the hydrocarbons discovered in the Ordovician to Permian reservoirs. Of them, the Permo- Carboniferous Unayzah and Upper Ordovician Sarah Formations have the best exploration potential. The {3. factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation in the Unayzah Formation are migration pathways and reservoir petrophysics. The {3. factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation in the Sarah Formation are reservoir petrophysics and the development of structural traps.

关键词： Paleozoic oil and gas accumulations central Saudi Arabia main controls Qusaiba hot shale Unayzah play,Sarah play

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Fault System,Deformation Style and Development Mechanism of the Bachu Uplift,Tarim Basin

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Journal of Earth Science 2012年第4期23卷 529-541页

作者：佟殿君张俊霞阳怀忠胡德胜任建业 key laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum resources of {3. of education China University of Geosciences School of Economics and Management China University of Geosciences Beijing Research Institute CNOOC Zhanjiang Branch CNOOC Structral Research Center of oil&gas Bearing Basin Ministry of EducationChina University of Geosciences

The Bachu （巴楚） uplift is one of the most active tectonic regions nowadays in the Tarim basin, which is also a faulted block uplift that was intensively active during the Cenozoic. This study was based primarily on the geological structure interpretation of seismic profiles, applying the theories and methods of basin dynamics, structural analysis and tectono-stratigraphic analysis, the geometry and kinematics features of the fault systems in the Bachn uplift were analyzed in detail. Our study shows that each fault belt is mainly characterized by compression and overthrusting, most of the faults initiated and activated during the Mid-Late Himalayan period, and that the general structural styles of the Bachu uplift were basement-involved pop-up thrust faulted block uplift, of which the southern margin was covered by the large-scale decollement fault system. The basement-involved structures widely developed in the higher position of the basement uplift, while decollement fault system developed mainly at the position with gypsum mudstone. The evolution process of Bachu uplift included back-bulge slope of the peripheral foreland basin in Mid-Late Caledonian, forebulge in HercynianYanshanian and the latest compressional faulted block uplift in Mid-Late Himalayan. Meanwhile,the study also suggests that the formation, reconstruction and stabilization of the uplift were controlled by the development and evolution of fault systems clearly. In the early forebulge stage, it was mainly presented as flexural deformation without the developing of thrust faults in the Bachu area; to the late stage, under the influence of violent lateral compression deformation, the faulted block uplift formed finally.

关键词： fault system structural style structural evolution Bachu uplift Tarim basin.

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key technology of mine underground mobile positioning based on LiDAR and coded sequence pattern

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2011年第S3期21卷 570-576页

作者： WANG Zhi1, 2, WU Li-xin1, 2, LI Hui-ying3.1. College of resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern university, Shenyang 110004, china 2. Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, {3. of Civil Affairs and {3. of education, Beijing Normal university, Beijing 100875, china 3. College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin university, Changchun 13.012, china [a] College of resources and Civil Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China [b] Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Ministry of Civil Affairs and Ministry of Education Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China [c] College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun 130012 China

technologies of underground mobile positioning were proposed based on LiDAR data and coded sequence pattern landmarks for mine shafts and tunnels environment to meet the needs of fast and accurate positioning and navigation of equipments in the mine underground without satellite navigation signals. A coded sequence pattern was employed for automatic matching of 3. scans. The methods of SIFT feature, Otsu segmentation and fast hough transformation were described for the identification, positioning and interpretation of the coded sequence patterns, respectively. The POSIT model was presented for speeding up computation of the translation and rotation parameters of LiDAR point data, so as to achieve automatic 3. mapping of mine shafts and tunnels. The moving positioning experiment was applied to evaluating the accuracy of proposed pose estimation method from LiDAR scans and coded sequence pattern landmarks acquired in an indoor environment. The performance was evaluated using ground truth data of the indoor setting so as to measure derivations with six degrees of freedom.

关键词： LiDAR coded sequence pattern mobile positioning SLAM algorithm POSIT algorithm

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Mechanism for calcite dissolution and its contribution to development of reservoir porosity and permeability in the Kela 2 gas field,Tarim Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第4期51卷 567-578页

作者： YU BingSong1,3. DONG HailLiang2,3.& RUAN Zhuang1,3.1 State key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral resources, {3. university of Geosciences, Beijing 100083. {3. 2 Department of Geology, Miami university,Oxford, OH 45056, USA 3.Geomicrobiology laboratory, {3. university of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083. {3. State key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Department of Geology Miami University Oxford OH 45056 USA Geomicrobiology laboratory China University of Geoscien

This study is undertaken to understand how calcite precipitation and dissolution contributes to depth-related changes in porosity and permeability of gas-bearing sandstone reservoirs in the Kela 2 gas field of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern china. Sandstone samples and pore water samples are col-lected from well KL201 in the Tarim Basin. Vertical profiles of porosity, permeability, pore water chem-istry, and the relative volume abundance of calcite/dolomite are constructed from 3.00 to 4000 m below the ground surface within major {3. and gas reservoir rocks. Porosity and permeability values are in-versely correlated with the calcite abundance, indicating that calcite dissolution and precipitation may be controlling porosity and permeability of the reservoir rocks. Pore water chemistry exhibits a sys-tematic variation from the Na2SO4 type at the shallow depth (3.00-3.3. m), to the NaHCO3.type at the intermediate depth (3.3.―3.95 m),and to the CaCl2 type at the greater depth (3.28―3.3. m). The geochemical factors that control the calcite solubility include pH, temperature, pressure, Ca2+ concen-tration, the total inorganic carbon concentration (ΣCO2), and the type of pore water. Thermodynamic phase equilibrium and mass conservation laws are applied to calculate the calcite saturation state as a function of a few key parameters. The model calculation illustrates that the calcite solubility is strongly dependent on the chemical composition of pore water, mainly the concentration difference between the total dissolved inorganic carbon and dissolved calcium concentration (i.e., [ΣCO2] -[Ca2+]). In the Na2SO4 water at the shallow depth, this index is close to 0, pore water is near the calcite solubility. Calcite does not dissolve or precipitate in significant quantities. In the NaHCO3.water at the intermedi-ate depth, this index is greater than 0, and pore water is supersaturated with respect to calcite. Massive calcite precipitation was observed at this depth interval and

关键词： calcite dissolution porosity thermodynamic Tarim Basin

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