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Functional dissociation of the left ventral occipito-temporal cortex in the direct and indirect retrieval of color features

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第11期19卷 1553-1559页

作者： Yan Wang~(a,b,*),Jinghui Zhao~b,Jiongjiong Yang~c,Lin Ma~d,Sheng He~e,Xuchu Weng~b a beijing key laboratory for learning and cognition,department of psychology,capital normal university,beijing 100048,china b Institute of psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,beijing 100101,china c department of psychology,Peking university,beijing 100871,china d PLA General Hospitals,department of Radiology,beijing 100853,china e department of psychology,university of Minnesota,Minneapolis,USA [a]beijing key laboratory for learning and cognition Department of Psychology Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China [b]Institute of psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China [c]department of psychology Peking University Beijing 100871 China [d]PLA General Hospitals Department of Radiology Beijing 100853 China [e]department of psychology University of Minnesota Minneapolis USA

Previous studies suggest that the storage/retrieval of object features is related to brain regions that are involved in the processing of these ***,it remains unclear whether,and under what conditions,retrieving information about a feature reactivates the same region that specifically supports that feature’s *** this functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) study,we compared brain activation in the left ventral occipito-temporal cortex during subjects performing a color perception task,and direct and indirect color retrieval *** performing the color perception task to localize the regions responsible for color perception,subjects were intensively trained(outside of the scanner) to remember associations between colors and motion directions,and associations between colors and ***,they were asked to perform two color retrieval tasks in the scanner,with stationary and gray scaled images as control *** results showed that the bilateral posterior occipito-temporal cortex was activated during the color perception *** color information was retrieved by direct cues(motion direction),the same bilateral occipito-temporal region was activated. When color information was retrieved indirectly(judging whether a motion direction matched a letter by their associated colors),a region anterior to the color perception region in the left ventral occipito-temporal cortex was additionally *** results provided evidence for the functional dissociation in the two subregions of the ventral occipito-temporal cortex during retrieval of color features: the posterior area might relate to perceptual features of color,while the anterior region might relate to the knowledge of associations with color.

关键词： Occipito-temporal cortex Color perception Reactivation Retrieval fMRI

The role of different cues in the brain mechanism on visual spatial attention

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第10期16卷 1045-1050页

作者： SONG Weiqun, LUO Yuejia, CHI Song, JI Xunming, LING Feng, ZHAO Lun, WANG Maobin and SHI Jiannong ( department of Rehabilitation, Xuanwu Hospital, capital university of Medical Science, beijing 100053, china State key laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and learning, beijing normal university, beijing 100875, china School of psychology, Southwest university, Chongqing 400715, china key laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, china department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao university, Medical College, Qingdao 266003, china department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, capital university of Medical Science, beijing 100053, china Institute of Linguistics, Xuzhou normal university, Xuzhou 221116, china) [a]department of Rehabilitation Xuanwu Hospital Capital University of medical science Beijing China [b]State key laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and learning Beijing Normal University Beijing China [c]School of psychology Southwest University Chongqing China [d]key laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Science Beijing China [e]department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College Qingdao China [f]department of Neurology Xuanwu Hospital Capital University of Medical Science Beijing China [g]Institute of Linguistics Xuzhou Normal University Xuzhou China

The visual spatial attention mechanism in the brain was studied in 16 young subjects through the visual search paradigm of precue-target by the event-related potential (ERP) technique, with the attentive ranges cued by different scales of Chinese character and region cues. The results showed that the response time for Chinese character cues was much longer than that for region cues especially for small region cues. With the exterior interferences, the target stimuli recognition under region cues was much quicker than that under Chinese character cues. Compared with that under region cues, targets under Chinese character cues could lead to increase of the posterior P1, decrease of the N1 and increase of the P2. It should also be noted that the differences between region cues and Chinese character cues were affected by the interference types. Under exterior interferences, no significant difference was found between region cues and Chinese character cues; however, it was not the case under the interior interferences. Considering the difference between the exterior interferences and the interior interferences, we could conclude that with the increase of difficulty in target recognition there was obvious difference in the consumption of anterior frontal resources by target stimuli under the two kinds of cues.

关键词： visual spatial attention cue scale event-related potential (ERP) Chinese character cues region cues.

Reading comprehension without phonological mediation:Further evidence from a Chinese aphasic individual

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2009年第5期52卷 492-499页

作者： HAN ZaiZhu & Bi YanChao State key laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and learning, beijing normal university, beijing 100875, china State key laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and learning Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

An important issue in visual word comprehension literature is whether or not semantic access is mediated by phonological processing. In this paper, we present a Chinese individual, YGA, who provides converging evidence to directly address this issue. YGA has sustained damage to the left posterior superior and middle temporal lobe, and shows difficulty in orally name pictures and reading printed words aloud. He makes phonological errors on these tasks and also semantic errors on picture naming, indicating a deficit at accessing the phonological representations for output. However, he is intact at understanding the meaning of visually presented words. Such a profile challenges the hypothesis that semantic access in reading is phonologically mediated and provides further evidence for the universal principle of direct semantic access in reading.

关键词： word reading phonological mediation Chinese case study

Inconspicuous anchoring effects generated by false information

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第11期18卷 1375-1382页

作者： Chen Qu~(a,b) Jun Wang~a Yuejia Luo~(a,c,*) a State key laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and learning,beijing normal university,beijing 100875,china b Center for studies of Psychological Application,South china normal university Guangzhou,510631,china c key laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,beijing 100101,china State key laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and learning Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Center for studies of Psychological Application South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 China key laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

The impact of false information on numerical judgments was examined on young normal subjects by an event-related potential(ERP) *** imitate the judgments in real world,we ensured the subjects acknowledged of the target *** behavioral results found that both uncertain information and false information assimilated the final estimates:higher after higher anchors and lower after lower anchors;and false information caused a weaker anchoring bias than uncertain *** results provided further electro- physiological evidence for the mechanism of *** the early phrase,it was an accessibility-dominated process in which two kinds of anchors elicited an N300 component related to the accessibility of anchors *** knowledge relevant to targets joined the process in the late phrase,which caused a larger amplitude of late positive component(LPC)for implausible lower anchors than that for plausible higher *** analysis showed that medial frontal gyrus,whose activity was suggested to signal the need of adjust- ment,was more reliable to explain the LPC elicited by implausible lower ***,we suggest that accessibility is facilitated when the external anchor is consistent with the world knowledge,and adjustment is initiated when the external anchor is inconsistent.

关键词： False anchors Anchoring effects Accessibility Adjustment ERP

Brain structure in diving players on MR imaging studied with voxel-based morphometry

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第10期19卷 1397-1402页

作者： Gaoxia Wei a,Jing Luo a,Youfa Lib a key laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,beijing 100101,china b National key laboratory of Cognitive Neurosciences and learning,beijing normal university,beijing 100875,china [a]key laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China [b]National key laboratory of Cognitive Neurosciences and learning Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

We adopted professional diving players as a typical subject pool to explore whether structural brain differences relative to motor skill acquisition exist between highly skilled athletes and *** on the voxel-based morphometric(VBM) technique,structural MRIs of the brains of 12 elite diving players with professional training were analyzed and compared with those of control subjects without any professional physical *** players showed significantly increased gray matter density in the thalamus and left pre-central gyrus than control ***,future researches are needed to prove the contribution of preposition and *** also suggests that athletes as the subject pool could form a new subject pool to explore plastic change induced by motor skill acquisition.

关键词： Cortical plasticity Motor skill acquisition Voxel-based morphometry Diving players

Ontology-based analysis of multi-scale modeling of geographical features

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2006年第z2期49卷 121-131页

作者： WANG Yanhui, LI Xiaojuan & GONG Huili key laboratory of Three-Dimensional Information Acquisition and Application, Ministry of Education, capital normal university, beijing 100037, china beijing key laboratory of Resource Environment and GIS, capital normal university, beijing 100037, china capital normal Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Dimens Informat Acquisit & Applicat 3 Beijing 100037 Peoples R China capital normal Univ Beijing Key Lab Resource Environm Beijing 100037 Peoples R China capital normal Univ GIS Beijing 100037 Peoples R China

As multi-scale databases based on scale series of map data are built, conceptual models are needed to define proper multi-scale representation formulas and to extract model entities and the relationships among them. However, the results of multi-scale conceptual abstraction schema may differ, according to which cognition, abstraction and application views are utilized, which presents an obvious obstacle to the reuse and sharing of spatial data. To facilitate the design of unified, common and objective abstract schema views for multi-scale spatial databases, this paper proposes an ontology-based analysis method for the multi-scale modeling of geographical features. It includes a three-layer ontology model, which serves as the framework for common multi-scale abstraction schema; an explanation of formulary abstractions accompanied by definitions of entities and their relationships at the same scale, as well as different scales,which are meant to provide strong feasibility, expansibility and speciality functions; and a case in point involving multi-scale representations of road features, to verify the method's feasibility.

关键词： multi-scale representation, ontology-based analysis, multi-scale data modeling, hierarchical ontology.

文化神经科学:一个新兴的跨学科领域(英文)

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心理科学 2011年第3期34卷 514-519页

作者：张力朱滢首都师范大学心理学系学习与认知重点实验室北京100048 北京大学心理学系北京100871

文化神经科学是一个将文化,心理与大脑整合起来的新兴的跨学科领域。本文简要地介绍了从2000年到2010年在文化神经科学领域内的各种观点,同时回顾了该领域里一些典型的功能性磁共振(fMRI)的研究成果。文章认为,文化神经科学可为人类心... 详细信息

文化神经科学是一个将文化,心理与大脑整合起来的新兴的跨学科领域。本文简要地介绍了从2000年到2010年在文化神经科学领域内的各种观点,同时回顾了该领域里一些典型的功能性磁共振(fMRI)的研究成果。文章认为,文化神经科学可为人类心理的研究提供一个全新的,整合性的理论框架,而且,它还为中国心理家提供了机遇:使用中国被试开展文化神经科学研究去取得世界一流的成果。

关键词：文化神经科学社会脑

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2009年第8期52卷 780-788页

作者： YANG Bo1,YANG SuYong2,ZHAO Lun3,YIN LiuHua1,LIU Xu1& AN ShaSha1 1 laboratory of psychology,School of Sociology,china university of Political Science and Law,beijing 102249,china 2 National key laboratory of Cognitive Neurosciences and learning,beijing normal university,beijing 100875,china 3 Institute of Language,Xuzhou normal university,Xuzhou 221116,china laboratory of psychology School of Sociology China University of Political Science and Law Beijing 102249 China National key laboratory of Cognitive Neurosciences and learning Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Institute of Language Xuzhou Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China

Inhibitory control dysfunction is regarded as a core feature in *** major objective of this study was to explore the time course of response inhibition in chronic heroin addicts and provide the neurophysiological evidence of their inhibitory control *** amplitudes and latencies of ERP components were studied in fourteen heroin addicts(mean duration of heroin use being(13.54±5.71) years(Mean±SD),average abstinence being((4.67±6.44) months)) and fourteen matched healthy controls with a visual Go/Nogo *** results showed that heroin addicts demonstrated significantly larger Go-N2 amplitudes which results in a decreased N2 Go/Nogo effect,but no statistically significant differences were found between heroin addicts and controls in *** ERP data suggest that fronto-central areas of heroin addicts were impaired during the inhibition process(200-300 ms) and over-activated to *** impaired early process might reflect an abnormal conflict monitoring process in heroin *** results consolidate the inhibitory control dysfunction hypothesis in chronic heroin users.

关键词： heroin addicts events-related potentials inhibitory control conflict monitoring response inhibition

Spatio-temporal pattern analysis of single-trial EEG signals recorded during visual object recognition

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2011年第12期54卷 2519-2527页

作者： WANG ChangMing 1 , HU XiaoPing 3 , YAO Li 1,2 , XIONG Shi 2 & ZHANG JiaCai 2 1 National key laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and learning, beijing normal university, beijing 100875, china 2 College of Information Science and Technology, beijing normal university, beijing 100875, china 3 Biomedical Imaging Technology Center, Emory university/Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30322, USA 1. National key laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and learning Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China3. Biomedical Imaging Technology Center Emory University/Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta 30322 USA2. College of Information Science and Technology Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Object discrimination is a fundamental cognitive function for human brains. In this study, we utilized an analysis approach for single-trial electroencephalography (EEG) to analyze the spatio-temporal activation patterns of visual objects processing in human brains, and attempted to apply it to discriminate different visual objects. The spatial patterns were respectively extracted from scalp EEG and the reconstructed cortical sources, while the experiment participants were perceiving 4 different categories of visual objects (faces, buildings, cats and cars). By classifying the patterns extracted from single-trial EEG, the presented visual objects could be discriminated by a computer, and the classification accuracies may provide a quantitative index to evaluate the spatial differences of the brain activations related to different visual objects. Our results demonstrated that the spatial patterns on both the scalp and the sources levels resulted in higher classification accuracies than chance rate. We also examined the classification results using temporally non-overlapping time intervals of different event-related potential (ERP) components. The temporal changes of classification accuracies may reflect the temporal distribution of the discriminative information in the EEG responses. The present pattern extraction and classification methods may compose a computational model for single-trial EEG data analysis in investigations of the spatio-temporal activation patterns for object recognition. These spatio-temporal patterns in EEG may be useful to identifying the discriminative spatial areas and time stages to improve the accuracies and efficiencies of object discrimination. In addition, investigating and utilizing humans'cognitive mechanisms of object recognition may improve computers' processing efficiency of visual information.

关键词： EEG spatio-temporal pattern object recognition single-trial analysis visual information processing