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Energy-efficient power allocation for selfish cooperative communication networks using bargaining game

Science china(Information Sciences) 2012年第4期55卷 795-804页

作者： DING EnJie 1,ZHANG GuoPeng 1,LIU Peng 1 & YANG Kun 2 1 CUMT-IoT Perception Mine research center,china university of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,china 2 School of Computer Science and Electronic engineering,university of Essex Wivenhoe Park,Colchester Essex,CO4 3SQ,UK 1. CUMT-IoT Perception Mine research center China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221116 China2. School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering University of Essex Wivenhoe Park Colchester Essex CO4 3SQ UK

In commercial networks,user nodes operating on batteries are assumed to be selfish to consume their energy solely to maximize their own benefits,e.g.,data *** this paper,we propose a bargaining game to perform the power allocation for the selfish cooperative communication *** our system,two partner nodes can act as a source as well as a relay for each other,and each node is with an energy constraint to transmit one *** a selfish node is willing to seek cooperative transmission only if the data rate achieved through cooperation will not lower than that achieved through noncooperation by using the same amount of *** energy-efficient power allocation problem can be modeled as a cooperative *** proved that there exists a unique Nash bargaining solution (NBS) for the game by verifying that the game is indeed a bargaining ***,the two objectives,i.e.,system efficiency and user fairness specified in the selfish networks can be *** results show that the NBS scheme is efficient in that the performance loss of the NBS scheme to that of the maximal overall rate scheme is small while the maximal-rate scheme is *** simulation results also show that the NBS result is fair in that both nodes could experience better performance than they work independently and the degree of cooperation of a node only depends on how much contribution its partner can make to improve its own performance.

关键词： cooperative communication energy efficiency resource allocation cooperative game theory Nash bargaining solution

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Effects of temperature and organic and inorganic nutrients on the growth of Chattonella marina (Raphidophyceae)from the Daya Bay,South china Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2011年第3期30卷 124-131页

作者： WANG Zhaohui YUAN Meiling LIANG Yu LU Sollghui College of Life Science and Technology Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China engineering research center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological engineering Ministry of Education Guangzhou 510632 China

The effects of temperature and different forms of nutrients on Chattonella marina growth have been investigated in strains isolated from the Daya Bay, the South china Sea. The strain of C. marina preferred high temperatures, with an optimal temperature of 25℃, and 18℃ was the minimum for its survival. Higher cell number and growth rate were obtained in high nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations （500 μg/L, 74μg/L） than under nutrient limitation. Nitrogen influenced the growth most, as the specific growth rate and maximum cell density were lower in nitrogen- limited cultures than noted under phosphorus limitation or under limitation from both. C. marina was capable of using many kinds of organic nitrogen sources including L-serine （L-Ser）, glycine （Gly）, alanine （Ala）, L-threonine （L-Thr）, glutamic acid （Glu） and urea, but could not utilize uric acid. Various forms of organic phosphorus compound such as glucose-6-phosphate （G6P）, sodium glycerophosphate （GYP）, adenosine triphosphate （ATP）, adenosine monophosphate （AMP）, cyti- dine monophosphate （CMP）, guanosine monophosphate （GMP）, uridine monophosphate （UMP）, 4-nitrophenylphosphate （NPP） and triethyl phosphate （TEP） supported the growth as well. Algal cells had the ability to sustain growth under nitrogenand/or phosphorus-free conditions particularly under phosphorus depleted condition. These results led to the hypothesis that high loading of nitrogen has played an important role in frequent C. marina blooms in the past decade, and its capability for utilization of diverse forms of organic nutrients and growth in low nutrient conditions make this species a likely recurrent dominant in the Daya Bay phytoplankton assemblages, visible as more frequent blooms.

关键词： Chattonella marina growth inorganic and organic nutrients salinity temperature

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High Energy Micro-arc Alloying of ZM5 Mg Alloy by Mg-Y Electrode under Liquid

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稀有金属材料与工程 2011年第S4期40卷 181-184页

作者： Chen Changjun,Zhang Min,Su Yanzhan,Zhang Shichang,Zhou Jialin Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and resources utilization of Ministry of Education,Laser Processing research center,College of Materials and Metallurgy,Wuhan university of Science& Technology,Wuhan 430081,china Wuhan Univ Sci &Technol Laser Proc Res Ctr Key Lab Ferrous Met & Resources Utilizat Minist EducColl Mat & Met Wuhan 430081 Peoples R China

High-energy micro-arc alloying (HEMAA) is a consumable electrode,micro-welding process which uses electrical pulses that are typically three orders of magnitude shorter than in other pulse welding *** durations of a few microseconds combined with pulse frequencies in the 0.1 to 2-kilohertz range thus allow substrate heat dissipation over ～99% of the duty cycle while heating only about 1%.The cooling rates may approach 105 to 106 ℃/s,depending on *** obtained coating can produce unique corrosion and tribological *** require no special surface preparation and nearly any metal,alloy or cermets can be applied to metal *** paper details experimental results when alloying Mg base alloy ZM5,using Mg-Y electrodes with a water-based dielectric *** morphology and the composition of the alloying was analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis(EDX).At the discharge energies employed,a thin recast layer thickness and rougher layers were formed on the *** layers were in general *** analysis showed that the Y transferred from the solid electrodes to the workpiece surface.

关键词： high-energy micro-arc alloying (HEMAA) surface alloying/modification Mg alloy Mg-Y

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Local segment-shared protection based on source egress gateway selection for multi-domain optical mesh networks

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2011年第2期54卷 227-235页

作者： ZHANG ShengFeng1,3, PENG YunFeng1,2, DU Shu1, YANG XiaoLong1,2 & LONG KePing1,2 1research center for Optical Internet and Mobile Information Networks, university of Electronic Science and Technology of china, Chengdu 611731, china 2Institute of Advanced Network Technology and New Serives (ANTS), university of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, china 3research center for Optical Internet Networks, Chongqing university of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, china 1. research center for Optical Internet and Mobile Information Networks University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 611731 China3. Research Center for Optical Internet Networks Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing 400065 China2. Institute of Advanced Network Technology and New Serives (ANTS) University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Survivability for multi-domain optical networks is becoming a key parameter due to expanding network. In order to provide the shared-path-protected lightpath in multi-domain optical mesh networks, we propose a protection solution, called GSLSSP. A new source egress gateway selecting mechanism is adopted in this solution. For each connection request, this mechanism can enable the source node to select a better egress gateway node to the destination domain and compute one inter-domain working path near the optimal path with the cooperating of this gateway node, under scalability and domain privacy constraint of multi-domain networks. And then one intra-domain link-disjoint local segment-backup path for each working-segment path is computed out in each single-domain passed by the working path. Simulation evaluation shows that the proposed scheme can provide 100% protection ability for multiple failures. Besides, it is effective in multi-domain path protection with more efficient resource utilization, lower blocking probabilities and less inter-domain cost than other schemes.

关键词： survivability optical mesh networks multi-domains multiple failures segment-shared protection

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Surface Top Graphology,Corrosion and Microhardness of Oxygen Diffusion Hardened Pure Titanium Alloy TA4 after Laser Surface Melting

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稀有金属材料与工程 2011年第S4期40卷 185-189页

作者： Chen Changjun,Zhang Min,Su Yanzhan,Zhang Shichang,Zhou Jialin Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and resources utilization of Ministry of Education,Laser Processing research center,College of Materials and Metallurgy,Wuhan university of Science& Technology,Wuhan 430081,china Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol Laser Proc Res Ctr Key Lab Ferrous Met & Resources Utilizat Minist EducColl Mat & Met Wuhan 430081 Peoples R China

In the oxygen diffusion hardened condition,untreated and laser surface melted pure titanium alloy (TA4) by Nd:YAG pulsed laser,are hardened at temperatures of 650 to 700℃ with the end result being a passive,mechanically stable,abrasion resistant oxide ceramic rutile surface *** thickness of this surface layer depends on the time,temperature,and the microstructure of the Ti *** paper describes the results of x-ray diffraction analysis,scanning electron microscope (SEM),microhardness measurements,and corrosion resistance measurements of hardened pure and laser treated Ti *** oxygen diffusion hardened titanium alloy after laser surface melted samples (L-TA4) had a more pronounced grain structure and significantly higher roughness values than the untreated pure TA4 (U-TA4)*** L-TA4 samples also exhibited at least equivalent corrosion behavior and a definite increase in surface hardness compared to the U-TA4 *** results of this work suggest that laser surface melting plays a key role for effective oxygen diffusion hardening at 650-700℃ for pure and laser treated pure Ti alloys.

关键词： oxygen diffusion harden (ODH) titanium alloy laser surface melting corrosion

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engineering of drug nanoparticles by HGCP for pharmaceutical applications

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Particuology 2008年第4期6卷 239-251页

作者： Ting-Ting Hua, Jie-Xin Wanga, Zhi-Gang Shena, Jian-Feng Chena,b, a Key Lab for Nanomaterials, Ministry of Education, Beijing university of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, china b research center of Ministry of Education for High Gravity engineering and Technology, Beijing university of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, china [a] Key Lab for Nanomaterials Ministry of Education Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China [b] research center of Ministry of Education for High Gravity engineering and Technology Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China

This paper reviews our work on the fundamental principles of high gravity controlled precipitation (HGCP) technology, and its applications in the production of drug nanoparticles, which was carried out in a rotating packed bed (RPB). Several kinds of drug nanoparticles with narrow particle size distributions (PSDs) were successfully prepared via HGCP, including the 300-nm Cefuroxime Axetil (CFA) particles, 200–400-nm cephradine particles, 500-nm salbutamol sulfate (SS) particles (100 nm in width), and 850-nm beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) particles, etc. Compared to drugs available in the current market, all the drug nanoparticles produced by HGCP exhibited advantages in both formulation and drug delivery, thus improving the bioavailability of drugs. HGCP is essentially a platform technology for the preparation of poorly water-soluble drug nanoparticles for oral and injection delivery, and of inhalable drugs for pulmonary delivery. Consequently, HGCP offers potential applications in the pharmaceutical industry due to its cost-effectiveness, efficient processing and the ease of scaling-up.

关键词： High gravity controlled precipitation Rotating packed bed Drug nanoparticle Poorly water-soluble drug Inhalable drug

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Spontaneous chiral-symmetry breaking of lattice QCD with massless dynamical quarks

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2007年第1期50卷 6-14页

作者： LUO XiangQian Department of Physics,School of Physics and engineering,Sun Yat-Sen university,Guangzhou 510275,china 1. Department of Physics School of Physics and Engineering Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China

One of the most challenging issues in QCD is the investigation of spontaneous chiral-symmetry breaking, which is characterized by the non-vanishing chiral condensate when the bare fermion mass is zero. In standard methods of the lattice gauge theory, one has to perform expensive simulations at multiple bare quark masses, and employ some modeled functions to extrapolate the data to the chiral limit. This paper applies the probability distribution function method to computing the chiral condensate in lattice QCD with massless dynamical quarks, without any ambiguous mass extrapolation. The results for staggered quarks indicate that this might be a promising and efficient method for investigating the spontaneous chiral-symmetry breaking in lattice QCD, which deserves further investigation.

关键词： lattice QCD spontaneous chiral-symmetry breaking dynamical quarks

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Cellulose conversion to polyols on supported Ru catalysts in aqueous basic solution

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Science china Chemistry 2010年第7期53卷 1476-1480页

作者： DENG TianYin,SUN JiYing & LIU HaiChao Beijing national Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Stable and Unstable Species Green Chemistry center,College of Chemistry and Molecular engineering,Peking university,Beijing 100871,china 1. Beijing national Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Stable and Unstable Species Peking University Beijing 100871 China2. Green Chemistry Center College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China

It is of great significance and challenge to achieve direct conversion of cellulose to specific polyols,e.g.,ethylene glycol and propylene *** such selective conversion,a novel one-pot approach was studied by combination of alkaline hydrolysis and hydrogenation on supported Ru catalysts.A wide range of bases including solid bases,e.g.,Ca(OH)2 and La2O3,and phosphate buffers were examined in the cellulose reaction in water,and the cellulose conversions and polyol products depended largely on the basicity or pH values in the aqueous *** glycol,1,2-propanediol,and especially 1,2,5-pentanetriol were obtained with selectivities of 15%,14% and 22%,respectively,at 38% cellulose conversion at pH 8 in phosphate buffer *** preliminary results provide potentials for efficient conversion of cellulose to targeted polyols by using the advantages of bases.

关键词： cellulose polyols Ru catalysts solid bases aqueous basic solutions

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Saline water Irrigation Scheduling Through a Crop-water-Salinity Production Function and a Soil-water-Salinity Dynamic Model

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Pedosphere 2007年第3期17卷 303-317页

作者： WANG Yang-Ren KANG Shao-Zhong LI Fu-Sheng ZHANG Lu ZHANG Jian-Hua center for Agricultural water research in china China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 （China） Department of water Conservancy engineering Tianjin Agricultural University Tianjin 300384 （China） Agricultural College Guangxi University Nanning 530005 （China） CSIRO Land and-water GPO Box 1666 Canberra ACT 2601 （Australia） Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon Tang Hong Kong （China）

Using a crop-water-salinity production function and a soil-water-salinity dynamic model, optimal irrigation scheduling was developed to maximize net return per irrigated area. Plot and field experiments were used to obtain the crop water sensitivity index, the salinity sensitivity index, and other parameters. Using data collected during 35 years to calculate the 10-day mean precipitation and evaporation, the variation in soil salinity concentrations and in the yields of winter wheat and cotton were simulated for 49 irrigation scheduling that were combined from 7 irrigation schemes over 3 irrigation dates and 7 salinity concentrations of saline irrigation water (fresh water and 6 levels of saline water). Comparison of predicted results with irrigation data obtained from a large area of the field showed that the model was valid and reliable. Based on the analysis of the investment cost of the irrigation that employed deep tube wells or shallow tube wells, a saline water irrigation schedule and a corresponding strategy for groundwater development and utilization were proposed. For wheat or cotton, if the salinity concentration was higher than 7.0 g L-1 in groundwater, irrigation was needed with only fresh water; if about 5.0 g L-1, irrigation was required twice with fresh water and once with saline water; and if not higher than 3.0 g L-1, irrigation could be solely with saline water.

关键词： crop-water-salinity production function irrigation scheduling saline water irrigation water-salinity dy- namic model

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A highly efficient electric additive for enhancing photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells

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Science china Chemistry 2010年第6期53卷 1352-1357页

作者： LAN Zhang,WU JiHuai,LIN JianMing & HUANG MiaoLiang engineering research center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Fujian Higher Education Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry,Huaqiao university,Quanzhou 362021,china 1. engineering research center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Fujian Higher Education Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry Huaqiao University Quanzhou 362021 China

N-cetylpyridinium iodide (N-CPI) as a new electric additive for enhancing photovoltaic performance of the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) was *** showed high efficiency for enhancing both the open-circuit voltage and the short-circuit current density of DSSC when the suitable amount of N-CPI as 0.02 M was added in liquid *** energy conversion effi- ciency of DSSC increased from 4.429% to 6.535%,with 47.55% ***,it is a highly efficient electric addi- tive for *** intrinsic reason is owing to the special molecular structure of N-CPI,which contains two different polarity *** a surfactant,N-CPI could form ordered arrangement in liquid electrolyte,which affects the diffusing ability and the redox reaction of I-/I3-,and further affects the photovoltaic performance of DSSC.

关键词： dye-sensitized solar cell electric additive photovoltaic performance N-cetylpyridinium iodide Dapp

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