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Abnormal high pressure in Kuqa foreland thrust belt of Tarim basin: Origin and impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation

Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第12期16卷 1307-1314页

作者： ZENG Lianbo~1** and LIU Benming~ 1,2 (1. Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation in china petroleum University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 102249, china 2. The institute of Oil and Gas exploration and development, Tarim Oilfield Company, petrochina Company Limited, Korla 841000, china) Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation in china Petroleum University Ministry of Education Beijing 102249 China The institute of Oil and Gas exploration and development Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Company Limited Korla 841000 China

Following analyses of the abnormal high pressure distribution characteristics, based on the geological characteristics, tectonic stress field and physical simulation, we investigated the formation mechanisms of abnormal high pressure and its impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt. The abnormal high pressure appears at the bottom of the Paleogene and obviously exists in the Triassic and Jurassic. However, the pressure coefficient in the Triassic and Jurassic is lower than that in the Cretaceous and at the bottom of the Paleogene. Horizontally, the abnormal high pressure distribution is characterized by E-W orientation zoning. The maximum pressure coefficient lies in the Kelasu-Dongqiu-Dina tectonic zones in the center of the Kuqa foreland thrust belt and decreases away from the tectonic zones. The formation of abnormal high pressure was mainly related with the intense tectonic compression in the Early Pleistocene time, and tectonic uplifting, undercompaction and hydrocarbon generation were secondary factors contributing to abnormal high pressure. Under the rapid and intense tectonic compression in the Early Pleistocene, the rock framework firstly undertook 1/4 of the compression stress and the other was borne by the pore fluids. Due to the presence of great seal of gypsum-salt or gypsum-mudstone beds in the Paleogene, the pressure of pore fluids increased rapidly and led to the abnormal high pressure in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt. The abnormal high pressure has important impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation. It is one of the necessary conditions for formation of large oil and gas fields in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt.

关键词： abnormal high pressure formation mechanism oil and gas reservoir Kuqa foreland thrust belt Tarim basin.

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Progress and review of the studies on the end-Triassic mass extinction event

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第12期48卷 2049-2060页

作者： DENG Shenghui1,2, LU Yuanzheng1,2,3 & XU Daoyi4 1. research institute of petroleum exploration and development, Beijing 100083, china 2. Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir of petrochina, Beijing 100083, china 3. china University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, china 4. institute of Geology, china Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, china research institute of petroleum exploration and development Beijing China Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir of petrochina Beijing China china University of Geosciences Beijing China institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing China

The mass extinction at the end-Triassic is one of the five biggest in the Phanerozoic. However,it is the least well understood among these five events, and only till last decade it became a great academic interesting subject to geologists. The evidences for this event come obviously from bivalves, brachiopods, ammonites, corals, radiolaria, ostracods and foraminifera of marine habitats, and plants and tetrapods of terrestrial realm. By contrast, for some of other groups, such as marine gastropods and marine vertebrates, no mass extinction has been recog-nized yet. The extinction event is strongly marked at specific level but shown a complicated situa-tion at generic and family levels. Dramatic changing of the environment, such as the temperature raise due to the greenhouse effect, the marine anoxic habitats caused by a sudden transgression after the regression at the end of Triassic, has been claimed to be the main cause of the extinction. Many hypotheses have been suggested to demonstrate the mechanisms of the environment changing, among which two popular ones are the bolide impact and volcanic eruption. The Triassic-Jurassic (Tr-J) boundary mass extinction event is still poorly understood because no enough data have been obtained from the Tr-J boundary successional sections of both marine and terrestrial sediments, and most of these studies were regionally restricted. The basic aspects of the event and its associated environmental conditions remain poorly characterized and the causal mechanism or mechanisms are equivocal. Some authors even doubt its occurrence. china has many successionally developed terrestrial and marine Tr-J sections. Detailed studies of these sections may be important and significant for well understanding of the event.

关键词： progress, review, end-Triassic, mass extinction, mechanism, Tr-J boundary.

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Contributors and potential of hydrocarbon generation of source rocks by solid-state ^(13)C NMR spectroscopy

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第6期42卷 478-481页

作者： WANGZhaoyun, ZHAO Changyi, CHENG Keming and LU Qinghua1. research institute of petroleum exploration and development, china National petroleum Corporation, Beijing 100083, china:2. University of petroleum, Beijing, 100083 china research institute of petroleum exploration and development China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing China University of petroleum Beijing China

SOLID-STATE 13C nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） technique is an effective method to study the texture of material. Under the condition of high magnetic field （400 MHz） and by the application of cross polarization, magic angle spinning （CP/MAS）, total sideband suppression （TOSS）, etc., the content of different textural carbons in kerogen has been quantitatively analyzed by the solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy of a series of kerogen of thermal simulation samples with Ro value ranging from 0.64% to 1.76%. The results show that

关键词： solid 13C NMR analysis aliphatic carbon potential of hydrocarbon generation of source rocks.

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petrochina's Natural Gas exploration Clue in the Near Future

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china Oil & Gas 2002年第3期9卷 24-27页

作者： Li Jingming Chen Mengjin Li Dongxu and Zhang Fudong(langfang branch of petroleum exploration and development research institute) langfang branch of petroleum exploration and development research institute

petrochina's natural exploration Situationand Problemsexploration situationRecently natural gas development of petrochina Company Limited (hereinafter referred to as petrochina) was in good situation. Its natural gas ... 详细信息

关键词： petrochina’s Natural Gas exploration Clue in the Near Future

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A method of identifying effective source rocks and its application in the Bozhong Depression,Bohai Sea,china

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petroleum Science 2010年第4期7卷 458-465页

作者： Jiang Fujie Pang Xiongqi Meng Qingyang Zhou Xiaohui Basin and Reservoir research Center China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting Beijing 102249 China research institute of petroleum exploration and development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China

research on effective source rocks directly affects the accuracy of identifying hydrocarbon resources, and indirectly affects the exploration decisions in petroliferous basins. Although the previous evaluation methods of effective source rocks vary relatively widely, a complete quantitative evaluation approach has not yet been developed. For that reason, we redefined the concept of effective source rocks based on the existing research results. Surrounding this definition, and guided by the hydrocarbon expulsion theory, the quantitative model called ＂two stages and three steps＂ method is established to predict effective source rocks. Its application in the Bozhong Depression indicates that among the four sets source rocks in the Bozhong Depression, the Member 3 of the Shahejie Formation （Es 3 ） has the largest effective source rock thickness, and the Member 1 Member 2 of the Shahejie Formation （Es 1＋2 ） is the second largest .The effective part of dark mudstone is only 30%-80% of the total volume and with the increase of buried depth and improvement of quality, the effective part increases. Comprehensive analysis indicates that the ＂two stages and three steps＂ method is a practical technique for effective source rock prediction.

关键词： Source rock effectiveness hydrocarbon expulsion threshold Bozhong Depression Bohai Sea

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Meso-Cenozoic tectonothermal evolution of Ordos basin,central china:Insights from newly acquired vitrinite reflectance data and a revision of existing paleothermal indicator data

Meso-Cenozoic tectonothermal evolution of Ordos basin,centra...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2007学术年会

作者： Yusong Yuan~(a,*),Shengbiao Hu~a,Hongjun Wang~b,Fenjing Sun~c a institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,china b research institute of petroleum exploration,petrochina,Beijing 100083,china c langfang branch,research institute of petroleum exploration and development,CNPC,langfang 065007,china

Thermal history reconstruction using paleogeothermal indicators,including vitrinite reflectance(Ro) and apatite fission track (AFT) dating in the Ordos basin indicates that the lower subsection,consisting of the Paleozoic to Middle Triassic sediments, reached its maximum paleotemperatures at the end of the Middle Triassic(T) and experienced a paleogeothermal gradient of 42-63℃/km with a mean of 49±9℃/km,while the upper subsection from the Late Triassic to Middle Jurassic,experienced its maximum paleotemperatures at the beginning of Late Jurassic(J3) and a paleogeothermal gradient of 25-39℃/km with a mean of 31±6℃/***,at least two heating events are recorded in the Ordos basin since the Mesozoic:the first and most intensive in Middle Triassic as recorded by the lower subsection,the other is a moderate Jurassic thermal event as recorded by the upper *** heating events were followed by a Cenozoic rapid cooling starting at about 21 *** the regional geodynamic context,the Triassic thermal event might be ascribed to hydrothermal activity related to the Triassic collision between the North china Block(NCB) and the South china Block(SCB);the Jurassic thermal event to the Pacific subduction and the Cenozoic rapid cooling event to the Indo-Asian collision,respectively.

关键词： Ordos basin Thermal history Paleo-geothermal gradient Tectonics Hydrothermal activity

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Quantitative studies of hydrocarbon loss of the Silurian bitumen sandstone in the Tarim Basin

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 101-107页

作者： JIANG ZhenXue1,2,PANG XiongQi1,2,LIU LuoFu1,2,WANG XianDong3,ZHANG Jun4 & LI HongYi1,2 1 Basin and Reservoir research Center,china University of petroleum,Beijing 102249,china 2 State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting,china University of petroleum,Beijing 102249,china 3 research institute of exploration and development,Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd,Daqing 163712,china 4 petroleum exploration and Production institute of SINOPEC,Beijing 100083,china Basin and Reservoir research Center China University of Petroleum Beijing China State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing China research institute of exploration and development Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd Daqing China petroleum exploration and Production institute of SINOPEC Beijing China

The evolution of Tarim Basin experienced several tectonic movements,of which Caledonian movement caused a serious damage to reservoirs of Silurian. The earlier reservoirs size and the later hydrocarbon loss are two key factors to exploration prospect of Silurian. On the basis of net thickness of bituminous sandstone and recovery coefficient of crude oil converting to bitumen,the scale of the hydrocarbon loss of palaeo-accumulation in bitumen sandstone of Silurian was calculated (86.30×108t). The deter-mination of net thickness of bitumen sandstone was completed mainly by several methods,such as physical property demarcation,observing lithology,grains with oil inclusion (GOI) technology,and quantitative grains fluorescence (QGF) technology. The samples of black sandstone and white sand-stone were collected and compared by means of the methods mentioned above. The results showed that there was little hydrocarbon,or none,in the white sandstone. The recovery coefficient was ob-tained by the analyses of plentiful physical parameters of crude oil and bitumen sandstone,based on the hypothesis that nonhydrocarbon compounds and bitumen were invariable in the process of bitu-men forming. The calculated result,which is more scientific and actual,indicates the exploration pros-pect is more promising in Silurian of the Tarim Basin.

关键词： Tarim Basin Silurian bitumen sandstone hydrocarbon loss quantitative research recovery coefficient

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TTHE METHODOLOGY OF petroleum development GEOLOGY(Ⅲ)

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石油勘探与开发 1996年第4期 78-82页

作者： Qiu Yinan (research institute of petroleum exploration and development, CNPC, Beijing, 100083, P.R.china)

ＴＨＥ　ＭＥＴＨＯＤＯＬＯＧＹ　ＯＦ　ＰＥＴＲＯＬＥＵＭ　ＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴ　ＧＥＯＬＯＧＹ（Ⅲ）ＴＨＥＭＥＴＨＯＤＯＬＯＧＹＯＦＰＥＴＲＯＬＥＵＭＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴＧＥＯＬＯＧＹ（Ⅲ）￥ＱｉｕＹｉｎａｎ（Ｒ...

ＴＨＥ　ＭＥＴＨＯＤＯＬＯＧＹ　ＯＦ　ＰＥＴＲＯＬＥＵＭ　ＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴ　ＧＥＯＬＯＧＹ（Ⅲ）ＴＨＥＭＥＴＨＯＤＯＬＯＧＹＯＦＰＥＴＲＯＬＥＵＭＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴＧＥＯＬＯＧＹ（Ⅲ）￥ＱｉｕＹｉｎａｎ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏ...

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平面非均质边水驱油藏来水方向诊断和调整

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石油学报 2004年第4期25卷 58-61,66页

作者：常学军郝建明郑家朋熊伟高树生中国矿业大学北京100083 冀东油田勘探开发研究院河北唐山063000 中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院河北廊坊065007

冀东油田 12 # 油层是高 10 4 5区块的主力小层 ,属于河流相沉积 ,平面非均质性强 ,边水能量活跃 ,是该小层的驱动动力。对该层位渗透率等值图进行了分析 ,抽象出一个实验物理模型。该模型在形状和渗透率分布上基本与地质模型相似 ,并... 详细信息

冀东油田 12 # 油层是高 10 4 5区块的主力小层 ,属于河流相沉积 ,平面非均质性强 ,边水能量活跃 ,是该小层的驱动动力。对该层位渗透率等值图进行了分析 ,抽象出一个实验物理模型。该模型在形状和渗透率分布上基本与地质模型相似 ,并以充分接触的水线模拟边水 ,符合地质原型边水驱油实际情况。在两种井网模式下模拟了边水侵入后前缘突进规律。结果表明 ,渗透率是控制边水侵入的主要因素 ,边水侵入后沿主河道推进速度最快。井网部署方式与储层非均质性有一定的适应性 ,合理的井位能抑制边水突进。示踪剂监测解释结果表明 ,在主河道西部 ,边水自西北向东侵入 ;主河道东部边水自东北向西南入侵 ,与主河道砂体展布方向一致。实验模拟结果与示踪剂监测结果吻合。根据研究结果在现场实施边水调剖措施。

关键词：边水驱动物理模型井网储层非均质性示踪剂调剖试验

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Application of backflush and micro-flow techniques to the analysis of C5—C13 hydrocarbons in crude oils and its geochemical significance

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第11期17卷 1382-1387页

作者： Wang Peirong1,2, Zhao Hong2,3, Xu Guanjun1,4, Zhu Cuishan2,3, Xiao Tingrong4, Zhang Min2,3 and Zhang Bin1,4(1. Key Laboratory of petroleum Geochemistry, china National petroleum Corporation, Beijing 100083, china 2. Geochemistry Department of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, china 3. Key Laboratory of exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, china 4. petroleum Geology Central Laboratory, research institute of petroleum exploration and development, petrochina, Beijing 100083, china) Key Laboratory of petroleum Geochemistry China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing 100083 China Geochemistry Department Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China Key Laboratory of exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China petroleum Geology Central Laboratory Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China

An Agilent 6890N GC equipped with both FID and Agilent 5975 MSD analyzer has been employed to analyze C5—C13 hydrocarbon fractions of crude oils. A technical combination of program temperature volatilizer injection, backflush and micro-flow controller afforded a fine separation of C5—C13 compounds on a PONA column with the heavy part of crude oils being cut off before entering the analytical column. Both GC-FID chromatogram and GC-MS mass chromatograms (MID and full scan) could be obtained at the same time. The retension time differences of nC6—nC13 alkanes between GC and TIC were in the range of 0.02—0.58 minutes. Totally 286 peaks have been assigned group compositions. Results on 8 typical oil samples from CNPC Key Laboratory Crude Oil Library showed that the characteristics of C6—C13 hydrocarbon group composition could be used in oil-oil correlation studies.

关键词： GC analysis GC/MS analysis backflush micro-flow controller light fraction in crude oil

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