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Periodicity of Retzius lines in fossil Pongo from South china

chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第7期57卷 790-794页

作者： HU Rong1,2,3, ZHAO LingXia1,2 & WU XinZhi2 1 Key laboratory of evolutionary Systematics of vertebrates, institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china 2 laboratory of human evolution, institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china 3 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china Key laboratory of evolutionary Systematics of vertebrates Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China laboratory of human evolution Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

Periodicity of Retzius lines is a key factor in dental development. In this study, we examined the periodicity of Retzius lines in fossil Pongo from South china using polarized light microscope observation of dental ground sections. The periodicities all of the 15 teeth were 9 d. Comparisons of periodicity were made with extant primates, fossil apes and hominins. Periodicity of fossil Pongo from South china was relatively long but fell within the variation of extant Pongo, Gorilla and modern human, and longer than periodicity of Pan and other extant primates. Fossil Pongo from South china was similar to Lufengpithecus and Sivapithecus, shorter than Gigantopithecus and longer than European and African fossil apes and most early hominins in periodicity. Generally, the periodicities of Asian large-body fossil apes were longer than the periodicities of European and African large-body fossil apes in Miocene. Difference among species and trend of evolution in periodicity were analyzed and discussed. We found that periodicity might gradually increase from Proconsul in early Miocene to several fossil apes in Miocene and then Gigantopithecus in Pleistocene. In addition, this study made correlate analysis between periodicity and body mass respectively in males and females of six extant apes and five fossil apes, and found that periodicity positively correlated with body mass.

关键词：周期性变化中国南方大猩猩化石灵长类动物早中新世类人猿显微镜观察

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Some problems on the studies of the late Pleistocene human evolution and formation of modern human populations

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第12期16卷 1233-1241页

作者： LIU Wu(institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china) institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China

For the past two decades, studies and debates on the modern human origins around the world have attracted attentions to the late Pleistocene human evolution and formation of modern human populations, and some controversial hypotheses and problems have been proposed. In the present paper, some problems on the late Pleistocene human evolution, and the formation and differentiations of modern human populations in china are studied with a brief description and comments on the research advances in this field.

关键词： late Pleistocene human evolution formation and differentiation of modern human population paleoanthropology.

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Liaoxiornis delicatus *** ***.,the smallest Mesozoic bird

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chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第9期44卷 834-838页

作者： HOU Lianhai and CHEN Peiji institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences , beijing 100044, china Nanjing institute of Geology and paleontology, chinese academy of sciences , china institute of Vertebra paleontology und paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Nanjing Instittue of Gology and paleontology Chinese Academy of Sciences China

Recently, a very small and complete bird specimen was collected from the Confuciusornis-bearing Yixian Formation. This finding represents a new kind of Mesozoic bird, named Liaoxiornis delicatus. It is characterized by a short skull with teeth, a long neck and a very small sternum with only posterior process; the humeral head is not internally curved, and the hindlimbs are longer than the forelimbs. Liaoxiomis delicatus is not only much smaller than Confuciusornis, but also smaller than Cathayomis and other early Cretaceous birds. It is the smallest bird known from Mesozoic deposit. Liaoxiornis provides new evidence indicating that the early adaptive radiation of birds is complicated.

关键词： Mesozoic early bird evolution of birds.

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First Record of Protorosaurid Reptile (Order Protorosauria) from the Middle Triassic of china

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2003年第4期77卷 419-423页

作者： LI Chuninstitute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044 chinese Acad Sci Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol Beijing 100044 Peoples R China

A new genus and species of the family Tanystropheidae, Dinocephalosaurus orientalis gen. et sp. nov., is described based on a nearly complete skull. This is the first record of the order Protorosauria from china. It also represents the only known occurrence of Tanystropheidae outside Europe, the Middle East and North America. Dinocephalosaurus is quite similar to Tanystropheus from Monte San Giorgio, Switzerland. Primarily it is distinguished from Tanystropheus in the shape of the premaxilla, maxilla, jugal and parietal. Although the family Tanystropheidae is now referred to the order Protorosauria, the new material from china indicates that the archosauromorph affinities of tanystropheids need further investigation. The discovery of Dinocephalosaurus provides new clues for the study of the evolution and radiation of Protorosauria and Tanystropheidae. It is also important for the study of the eastern Tethyan Fauna and the paleobiogeographical relationship between Europe and southern china in the Triassic.

关键词： Protorosauria Tanystropheidae Middle Triassic Guizhou china

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A zooarchaeological study of bone assemblages from the Ma'anshan Paleolithic site

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第3期53卷 395-402页

作者： ZHANG Yue1,2,3, WANG ChunXue1,2, ZHANG ShuangQuan1,2 & GAO Xing1,2 1 institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044 2 Joint laboratory of human evolution and Archaeometry, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044 3 State Key laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing 210008 institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Joint laboratory of human evolution and Archaeometry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China State Key laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing China

Ten thousands of bone fragments were recovered from the Ma’anshan Paleolithic site, of which 4358 pieces can be identified to skeletal elements or species. In this research, the bone assemblages are quantified based on elements of MNI, MNE, and MAU. Then bone surface modifications and skeletal element profiles of the bone assemblages are studied to understand shlepping behaviors and reveal the technique of disarticulating and defleshing the animals’ bodies, etc. Based on the analyses of bone assemblages and the comparative study with the ethnoarchaeological as well as experimental data, it is assumed that later hominids at the site made fuller use of the game animals than the earlier hominids. Incorporating the lines of evidence from chronological dating, paleoenvironment, and polished bone tools between the two cultural layers, here we propose three hypotheses suggesting that the changes of environment, the migrations of the hominids from the North, or the demographic pulses may cause such a behavioral difference. However, it is yet to be determined which hypothesis can better explain the changes.

关键词： Ma’anshan site zooarchaeology Paleolithic hominid behavior

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A NEW MACROPETALICHTHYID FROM china, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE HISTORICAL ZOOGEOGRAPHY OF THE MACROPETALICHTHYIDAE (PLACODERMI)

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1996年第4期 264-268页

作者： ZHU Min WANG Junqing(institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences beijing 100044)

It has been recognized that South china is one of important distribuhon areas of theMacropetalichthvidae. Since close reatives of the Macropetalichthyidae were excusively discoveredin the Middle Paleozoic Shata of South china and Ninxia, the Study of earlyInacropetalichthyids from china is key to the reseach on the origin and evolution of theMacropetalichthytdae. In the present paper, a new genus and species of theMacropetalichthyidae, Hmptahchthy longhuaensis, is fortal from the Eariy boonianof tonghua hill, Qujing, Yunnan. The fish-haring bed lies in the top of theXuedong Fonnahon, overlain by the Chuandong Fonnaon- Zhu et al,(1994)sugpethat the age of the Xuiachong Fonnahon was Late Pragian to Eariy Eedan.

关键词： Qujing (Yunnan) Early Devonian Macropetalichthyidae Historical Zoogeography

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A new iguanodontid (Jin-zhousaurus yangi *** ***.) from the Yixian Formation of western Liaoning,china

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chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第19期46卷 1669-1672页

作者： WANG Xiaolin & XU Xing1. institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china 2. College of Earth sciences and Resources, china University of Geo-sciences, beijing 100083, china institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China College of Earth sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing China

A new iguanodontid, Jinzhousaurus yangi gen. et sp. nov., is erected based on the cranial and dental morphology of a specimen from the Yixian Formation of western Liaoning. Although a few primitive characteristics remain, Jinzhousaurus yangi display a number of characteristics similar to those seen in derived iguanodontids. Other interesting characteristics include the absence of antorbital fenestra and the frontal excluded from the participation in orbit, which are closer to the condition in hadrosaurids. The unusual combination of the characteristics provides important data for assessing morphological evolution toward hadrosaurs. The new discovery also represents the first reported large-sized dinosaur from Jehol fauna in western Liaoning, and increases the diversity of this famous fauna. Furthermore, the discovery of a derived iguanodontid from the Yixian Formation provides further evidence supporting a Cretaceous age of the Jehol fauna, which is consistent with an isotopic age.

关键词： Western Liaoning Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation Jehol Biota Iguanodontid

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Dynamics of morphological changes for mitochondrial fission and fusion

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2010年第4期53卷 680-689页

作者： WANG ShiQi 1,2,4 , FU ChangLiang 1,2 , ZHANG Yan 1,2 , CHEN Quan 3 & LONG Mian 1,2 1 Key laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity laboratory), beijing 100190, china 2 Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, institute of Mechanics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100190, china 3 State Key laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, institute of Zoology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 4 institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china Key laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity laboratory) Beijing China Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China State Key laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Mitochondria experience continuous fusion and fission in a living cell, but their dynamics remains poorly quantified. Here a theoretical model was developed, upon a simplified population balance equation (PBE), to predict the morphological changes induced by mitochondrial fission and fusion. Assuming that both fission and fusion events are statistically independent, the survival probability of mitochondria staying in the fission or fusion state was formulated as an exponentially-decayed function with time, which depended on the time-dependent distribution of the mitochondrial volume and the fission and fusion rates. Parametric analysis was done for two typical volume distributions. One was Gamma distribution and the other was Gaussian distribution, derived from the measurements of volume distribution for individual mitochondria in a living cell and purified mitochondria in vitro. The predictions indicated that the survival probability strongly depended on morphological changes of individual mitochondria and was inversely correlated to the fission and fusion rates. This work provided a new insight into quantifying the mitochondrial dynamics via monitoring the evolution of the mitochondrial volume.

关键词： mitochondria morphology fission fusion dynamics modeling

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A New Genus of Psittacosauridae (Dinosauria: Ornithopoda) and the Origin and Early evolution of Marginocephalian Dinosaurs

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2003年第1期77卷 15-20页

作者： YOU Hailu institute of Geology, chinese academy of Geological sciences, beijing 100037XU Xing and WANG Xiaolininstitute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044 chinese Acad Geol Sci Inst Geol Beijing 100037 Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol Beijing 100044 Peoples R China

An almost complete juvenile dinosaur skull with lower jaw was discovered fromthe Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation in Beipiao, Liaoning Province, china. Here, the specimen isdescribed and a cladistic analysis is performed in order to find its phylogenetic relationships. Theresult shows that this specimen represents a new genus of Psittacosauridae, Hongshanosaurus houi,gen. et sp. nov., and confirms the monophyletic status for Ceratopsia and Marginocephalia. However,Heterodontosaurus is found to be the sister taxon to Marginocephalia, rather than a basalOrnithopoda.

关键词： Dinosauria Marginocephalia Hongshanosaurus houi, gen. et sp. nov. Yixian Formation Liaoning Province

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THE evolution OF QUATERNARY LARGE HERBIVORES FROM NORTH -EAST china AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PALEOCLIMATICAL VARIATION

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1996年第1期 68-70页

作者： Dong Wei Xu Qinqi Jin Changzhu Li Yi(institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences beijing 100044)

Quaternary mammal fossils from north-east china (former Manchuria) have been collected and studied since the beginning of the century. But almost every previous study was based on the fossils from a certain site. There had no general study on the Quaternary mammal fossils found in the north-east china as a whole. The present paper is a part of the programme, led by Prof. Xu Qinqi,"The evolution of Quaternary mammal and its relationship with paleoclimatical variation". The plants are sensitive to climatical changes, their evolution has greatinfluence on that of the herbivores. So the programme began with the large herbivorous mammals, the Proboscidea, Perissodactyla and Artiodactyla (including omnivorous suids which are large consummers of plants). They can be summarized as follows (the extinct species are marked with an asterisk):

关键词： North-east china Quaternary Proboscidea Perissodactyla Artiodactyla Paleoclimatology

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