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Size effects in lithium ion batteries

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chinese physics B 2016年第1期25卷 51-57页

作者：姚胡蓉殷雅侠郭玉国 CAS key laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Shandong Wina Green Power Co.Ltd. Shouguang 262705China

Size-related properties of novel lithium battery materials, arising from kinetics, thermodynamics, and newly discov- ered lithium storage mechanisms, are reviewed. Complementary experimental and computational investigations of the use of the size effects to modify electrodes and electrolytes for lithium ion batteries are enumerated and discussed together. Size differences in the materials in lithium ion batteries lead to a variety of exciting phenomena. Smaller-particle materials with highly connective interfaces and reduced diffusion paths exhibit higher rate performance than the corresponding bulk materials. The thermodynamics is also changed by the higher surface energy of smaller particles, affecting, for example, secondary surface reactions, lattice parameter, voltage, and the phase transformation mechanism. Newly discovered lithium storage mechanisms that result in superior storage capacity are also briefly highlighted.

关键词： lithium ion batteries size effects experiment calculation

Ωw States in a Chiral Quark Model

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Communications in Theoretical physics 2007年第10期48卷 695-698页

作者： WANG Wen-Ling LIU Feng institute of particle physics,Huazhong Normal University,Wuhan 43.079,ChinaHUANG Fei CCAST (World {3.),P.O.Box 873.,beijing 100080,ChinaZHANG Zong-Ye YU You-Wen institute of high energy physics,P.O.Box 918-4,beijing 100049,China WANG Wen-Ling LIU Feng institute of particle physics,Huazhong Normal University,Wuhan 43.079,ChinaHUANG Fei CCAST (World {3.),P.O.Box 873.,beijing 100080,ChinaZHANG Zong-Ye YU You-Wen institute of high energy physics,P.O.Box 918-4,beijing 100049,China

The structures of Ωω states with spin-parity J=5/2~-,3.2~-,and 1/2~- are dynamically studied in boththe chiral SU(3.quark model and the extended chiral SU(3.quark model by solving a resonating group method(RGM)*** model parameters are taken from our previous work,which gave a satisfactory description of the energiesof the baryon ground states,the binding energy of the deuteron,the nucleon-nucleon(NN)scattering phase shifts,andthe hyperon-nucleon(YN)cross *** calculated results show that the Ωω state has an attractive interaction,and in the extended chiral SU(3. quark model such attraction can make for a Ωω quasi-bound state with spin-parityJ~ρ=3.2~- or 5/2~- and the binding energy of about several MeV.

关键词： Ωω quasi-bound states quark model chiral symmetry

Nanotoxicology and Safety Assessment of Nanomaterials

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Nanotoxicology and Safety Assessment of Nanomaterials

Study of a model for correcting the effects of horizontal advection on surface fluxes measurement based on remote sensing

中国生物医学工程学会成立3.周年纪念大会暨2010中国生物医学工程学会学术大会

作者： Yuliang Zhao(CAS key Lab for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety,institute of high energy physics,chinese academy of sciences,{3. & National Center for Nano{3. and Technology of China,beijing 100190,China.)

With the rapid development of nanotechnology,manufactured nanoparticles and nanomaterials have been becoming new sources of human/environmental hazards through inhalation and skin uptake in workplace

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Science China Earth sciences 2006年第S2期49卷 273-280页

作者： TIAN Jing, ZHANG Renhua, SUN Xiaomin, ZHU Zhilin & ZHOU Yanlian key laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, institute of Geographic {3. and Natural Resources Research, {3., beijing 100101, China Graduate University of the {3., beijing 100049, China 1. key laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China 2. Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

As well known, the methods of remote sensing and Bowen Ratio for retrieving surface flux are based on energy balance closure; however, in most cases, surface energy observed in experiment is lack of closure. There are two main causes for this: one is from the errors of the observation devices and the differences of their observational scale; the other lies in the effect of horizontal advection on the surface flux measurement. Therefore, it is very important to estimate the effects of horizontal advection quantitatively. Based on the local advection theory and the surface experiment, a model has been proposed for correcting the effect of horizontal advection on surface flux measurement, in which the relationship between the fetch of the measurement and pixel size for remote sensed data was considered. By means of numerical simulations, the sensitivities of the main parameters in the model and the scaling problems of horizontal advection were analyzed. At last, by using the observational data acquired in agricultural field with relatively homogeneous surface, the model was validated.

关键词： fetch horizontal advection energy balance pixel size ChinaFLUX.

Analysis of heavy-ion-induced DNA strand breaks in plasmid pUC18

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Analysis of heavy-ion-induced DNA strand breaks in plasmid p...

Recombinant expression of rt-PA gene (encoding Reteplase) in gametophytes of the seaweed Laminaria japonica (Laminariales,Phaeophyta)

中国作物学会2007年全国作物遗传育种学术研讨会

作者： GUO Hui-jun~1 LIU Lu-xiang~1 LI Jia-cai~2 ZHAO Kui~3.SUI Li~3.ZHAO Lin-shu~1 ZHAO Shi-rong~1 1.The National key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement,institute of Crop Science,chinese {3. of Agricultural {3.,beijing 100081,China 2.institute of high energy physics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100093.China 3.Department of Nuclear physics,China institute of Atomic energy,beijing 102413.China

Plasmid DNA was irradiated or implanted by mixed particle field(CR)or lithium-ion-beam to detect strand *** primary results showed that mixed particle field could induce single and double strand breaks with positive linear-dose-effects;most of sequence changes induced by CR were point ***-ion-beam could induce strand breaks also,but it was only at dose of 20Gy.

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Science China(Life sciences) 2008年第12期51卷 1116-1120页

作者： ZHANG YiChen1,2, JIANG Peng1, GAO JiangTao1,3. LIAO JianMin4, SUN ShiJing4, SHEN ZiLong4 & QIN Song1, 1 institute of Oceanology, chinese academy of sciences, Qingdao 266071, China 2 College of Chemistry and Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 3.03.7, China 3.Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, {3., China 4 Biotechnology Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China College of Chemistry and Life Science Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China Biotechnology Center China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China

The life cycle of seaweed Laminaria japonica involves a generation alternation between diploid sporophyte and haploid gametophte. The expression of foreign genes in sporophte has been proved. In this research, the recombinant expression in gametophyte was investigated by particle bombardment with the rt-PA gene encoding the recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator (Reteplase), which is a thrombolytic agent for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Transgenic gametophytes were selected by their resistance to herbicide phosphiothricin (PPT), and proliferated in an established bubble column photo-bioreactor. According to the results from quantitative ELISA, Southern blotting, and fibrin agarose plate assay (FAPA) for bioactivity, it was showed that the rt-PA gene had been inte-grated into the genome of gametophytes of L. japonica, and the expression product showed the ex-pected bioactivity, implying the proper post-transcript modification in haploid gametophyte.

关键词： Laminaria japonica gametophyte genetic engineering Reteplase rt-PA bioreactor

Numerical study of the auroral particle transport in the polar upper atmosphere

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Science China(Technological sciences) 2008年第10期51卷 1759-1771页

作者： CAI HongTao1,2, MA ShuYing1,2 & PU ZuYin3.1 School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 43.079, China 2 key laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education of PRC, Wuhan 43.079, China 3.School of Earth and Space sciences, Peking University, {3. 100871, China 1. School of Electronic Information Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 China 2. key laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy Ministry of Education of PRC Wuhan 430079 China 3. School of Earth and Space sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Starting from the Boltzmann equation and with some reasonable assumptions, a one-dimensional transport equation of charged energetic particles is derived by taking account of major interactions with neutral species in the upper atmosphere, including the processes of elastic scattering, the excitation, the ionization and the secondary electron production. The transport equation is numerically solved, for a simplified atmosphere consisting only of nitrogen molecules (N2), to obtain the variations of incident electron fluxes as a function of altitude, energy and pitch angle. The model results can describe fairly the transport characteristics of pre-cipitating auroral electron spectra in the polar upper atmosphere; meanwhile the N2 ionization rates calculated from the modeled differential flux spectra also exhibit good agreements with existing empirical models in terms of several key parameters. Taking the energy flux spectra of precipitating electrons observed by FAST satellite flying over EISCAT site on May 15, 1997 as model inputs, the model-calculated ionization rate profile of neutral atmosphere consists reasonably with that recon-structed from electron density measurements by the radar.

关键词： aurora particle precipitation polar upper atmosphere electron transport equation numerical simulation

Convergence for Imaginary Time Step evolution in the Fermi and Dirac seas

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2010年第2期53卷 327-330页

作者： LI FangQiong1,ZHANG Ying2 & MENG Jie2,3.4 1Guizhou University for Nationalities,Guiyang 550025,China 2State key Lab Nucl. Phys. & Tech.,School of physics,Peking University,beijing 100871,China 3.chool of physics and Nuclear {3. Engineering,Beihang University,beijing 100191,China 4Department of physics,University of Stellenbosch,Stellenbosch,South Africa 1. Guizhou University for Nationalities Guiyang 550025 China2. State Key Lab Nucl. Phys. & Tech. School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China3. School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100191 China4. Department of Physics University of Stellenbosch Stellenbosch South Africa

The convergence for the Imaginary Time Step (ITS) evolution with time step is investigated by performing the ITS evolution for the Schrdinger-like equation and the charge-conjugate Schrdinger-like equation deduced from Dirac equation for the single proton levels of 12C in both the Fermi and Dirac seas. For the guaranteed convergence of the ITS evolution to the "exact" results,the time step should be smaller than a "critical" time step Δtc for a given single-particle level. The "critical" time step Δtc is more sensitive to the quantum numbers |κ| than to the energy of the single-particle level. For the single-particle levels with the same κ,their "critical" time steps are in the same order. For the single-particle levels with similar energy,a relatively small (large) "critical" time step for larger (smaller) |κ| is needed. These conclusions can be used in the future self-consistent calculation to optimize the evolution procedure.

关键词： Dirac equation Schrdinger-like equation Imaginary Time Step method convergence

用格子Boltzmann模型模拟垂直平板间的热对流

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物理学报 2004年第3期53卷 671-675页

作者：赵颖季仲贞冯涛中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室

引入一个新的能量分布函数 ,利用该能量分布函数与粒子速度分布函数耦合来求解一个热流场 .因而 ,这一能量分布函数与粒子速度分布函数和Boltzmann方程构成了一个新的格子Boltzmann模型 .这一模型满足质量、动量和能量守恒的准则 .用该... 详细信息

引入一个新的能量分布函数 ,利用该能量分布函数与粒子速度分布函数耦合来求解一个热流场 .因而 ,这一能量分布函数与粒子速度分布函数和Boltzmann方程构成了一个新的格子Boltzmann模型 .这一模型满足质量、动量和能量守恒的准则 .用该模型对垂直平板间的狭缝热对流进行了数值模拟 ,数值结果表明 ,在Prandtl数为 1,Grashof数在 1 3. 10 2 — 1× 10 6 之间时 ,流场将出现多个旋涡结构的流型 .

关键词：能量分布函数热对流 Boltzmann方程粒子速度分布函数能量守恒动量守恒质量守恒热力学