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The characteristics of atmospheric CO_2 concentration variation of four national background stations in china

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Science china Earth sciences 2009年第11期52卷 1857-1863页

作者： LIU LiXin, ZHOU LingXi, ZHANG XiaoChun, WEN Min, ZHANG Fang, YAO Bo & FANG ShuangXi Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry, centre for atmosphere watch and services (CAWAS), chinese academy of Meteoro- logical sciences (CAMS), china meteorological administration (CMA), Beijing 100081, china Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry Centre for Atmosphere Watch and Services (CAWAS) Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS) China Meteorological Administration (CMA) Beijing China

Atmospheric carbon dioxide is an important kind of greenhouse gas which influences global temperature. Its concentration variation could indicate the distribution of human and natural activities in various regions. Through the non-dispersive infrared method, flask sampling of atmospheric CO2 concen- tration was measured weekly at four national background stations including Waliguan, Shangdianzi, Lin’an, and Longfengshan. Based on the data collected from September 2006 to August 2007, along with the Waliguan station’s experience on in situ observational data processing, the selection methods for sampling data through the atmospheric background CO2 concentration analysis were preliminarily discussed. On the basis of this result, the variation features of the four typical regions’ atmospheric background CO2 concentration was analyzed for the first time. The results show that the atmospheric CO2 concentration at Waliguan, Shangdianzi, Lin’an, and Longfengshan is 383.5, 385.9, 387.8, and 384.3 ppm, respectively. During the research period, CO2 concentration at the Waliguan station changed slightly. However, the CO2 concentration changed sharply at the Shangdianzi and the Lin’an stations due to the great influence of human activities in the Jingjinji and the Changjiang Delta economic zones, and changed regularly with seasons at Longfengshan station under dual influences of human activities and plant photosynthesis. The results from this study can lay the foundation for more profound studies on atmospheric CO2 concentration level of different areas in china, and could be used to improve the understanding of carbon source and sink distribution.

关键词： atmospheric CO2 flask sampling background data selection CO2 concentration regional difference

Arabian Peninsula-North Pacific Oscillation and its association with the Asian summer monsoon

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Science china Earth sciences 2008年第7期51卷 1001-1012页

作者： SUN JianQi1, YUAN Wei2 & GAO YuZhong3 1 Nansen-Zhu International Research centre, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100029, china 2 china meteorological administration Training centre, Beijing 100081, china 3 Heilongjiang meteorological Observatory, Harbin 150030, china Nansen-Zhu International Research centre Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China china meteorological administration Training centre Beijing China Heilongjiang meteorological Observatory Harbin China

Using correlation and EOF analyses on sea level pressure from 57-year NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data, the Arabian Peninsula-North Pacific Oscillation (APNPO) is identified. The APNPO reflects the co-variability between the North Pacific high and South Asian summer monsoon low. This teleconnec- tion pattern is closely related to the Asian summer monsoon. On interannual timescale, it co-varies with both the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and South Asian summer monsoon (SASM); on decadal timescale, it co-varies with the EASM: both exhibit two abrupt climate changes in the middle 1960s and the late 1970s respectively. The possible physical process for the connections between the APNPO and Asian summer monsoon is then explored by analyzing the APNPO-related atmospheric circulations. The results show that with a strong APNPO, the Somali Jet, SASM flow, EASM flow, and South Asian high are all enhanced, and an anomalous anticyclone is produced at the upper level over northeast china via a zonal wave train. Meanwhile, the moisture transportation to the Asian monsoon regions is also strengthened in a strong APNPO year, leading to a strong moisture convergence over India and northern china. All these changes of circulations and moisture conditions finally result in an anoma- lous Asian summer monsoon and monsoon rainfall over India and northern china. In addition, the APNPO has a good persistence from spring to summer. The spring APNPO is also significantly corre- lated with Asian summer monsoon variability. The spring APNPO might therefore provide valuable in- formation for the prediction of Asian summer monsoon.

关键词： Arabian Peninsula-North Pacific Oscillation East Asian summer monsoon South Asian summer monsoon wave train abrupt climate change

The onset and advance of the Asian summer monsoon

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Science Bulletin 2006年第1期51卷 80-88页

作者： Lü Junmei1,2,4, ZHANG Qingyun1, TAO Shiyan1 & JU Jianhua3 1. State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sci- ences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100029, china 2. Department of Atmospheric sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, china 3. china meteorological administration Training centre, Beijing 100081, china 4. Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100039, china State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Atmospheric sciences Yunnan University Kunming China Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China china meteorological administration Training centre Beijing China

Based on the daily outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) data from National Oceanic and At- mospheric administration (NOAA) satellites, the Cli- mate Prediction Center’s merged analysis of pre- cipitation (CMAP) data and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for At- mospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis dataset, the mean intraseasonal variability of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) is investigated by using power spectrum analysis, band-pass filter, and diagnostic analyses. The processes of the onset and advance of monsoon over the southern part of Indo- china Peninsula, the east coast of Bay of Bengal, the South china Sea and the Indian subcontinent are explored. It is found that there is an abrupt change in OLR, precipitation and zonal wind during the onset and advance of the ASM. It is also indicated that the southern part of Indochina Peninsula and the adja- cent Andaman Sea is the region where the earliest onset of the ASM occurs in the 2nd pentad of May.

关键词： Asian summer monsoon intraseasonal variability onset advance.

Influence of atmospheric heat sources over the Tibetan Plateau and the tropical western North Pacific on the inter-decadal variations of the stratosphere-troposphere exchange of water vapor

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Science china Earth sciences 2008年第8期51卷 1179-1193页

作者： ZHAN RuiFen1,2&LI JianPing2 1Shanghai Typhoon Institute of china meteorological administration,Shanghai 200030,china 2State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG),Institute of Atmospheric Physics,chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 100029,china Shanghai Typhoon Institute of china meteorological administration Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

This study investigates the Stratosphere-Troposphere Exchange(STE) of water vapor,emphasizes its interdecadal variations over Asia in boreal summer,and discusses the influences of atmospheric heat sources over the Tibetan Plateau and the tropical western North Pacific(WNP) on them by using the Wei method with reanalysis data from the European centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) for the years of *** climatology shows that the upward transport of water vapor across the tropopause in boreal summer is the most robust over the joining area of the South Asian Peninsula and Indian-Pacific Oceans(defined as AIPO).The upward transport over there can persistently convey the abundant water vapor into the stratosphere and then influence the distribution and variation of the stratospheric water *** analysis shows that interdecadal variations of the water vapor exchange over the AIPO are significant,and its abrupt change occurred in the mid-1970s and the early *** these three periods,as important channels of the water vapor exchange,the effect of Bay of Bengal-East Asia as well as South china Sea was gradually weakening,while the role of the WNP becomes more and more *** studies show that atmospheric heat sources over the Tibetan Plateau and the WNP are two main factors in determining the interdecadal variations of water vapor *** thermal influences over the Tibetan Plateau and the WNP have been greatly adjusted over the pass 44 *** synthesis influences the interdecadal variations of the water vapor exchange by changing the Asian summer monsoon,but their roles vary with time and *** after 1992,the influence of heat source over the Tibetan Plateau remarkably weakens,while the heat source over the WNP dominates the across-tropopause water vapor *** have important implications for understanding the transport of other components in the atmosphere and estimating the impact of human activities(

关键词： Tibetan Plateau tropical western North Pacific atmospheric heat source STE inter-decadal variations

Dense fog events in the Yangtze Delta and their climatic characteristics

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第7期17卷 821-827页

作者： Zhou Zijiang~(**) Zhu Yanjun Ju Xiaohui (National meteorological Information centre,Beijing 100081,china) National meteorological Information centre Beijing 100081 China

Based on daily observation records of fog and atmospheric visibility from 24 meteorological stations in the Yangtze Delta in the period from 1954 to 2005,the identification standard of dense fog events(DFE)has been proposed in this paper,a quite complete time series of DFEs for the delta constructed,and the climate characteristics of these events analyzed *** results showed that there were 564 typical DFEs in the delta from 1954 to *** most frequent season for DFEs was from October to next April,when the number of the events accounted for 89.9% of the annual total,while the least frequent season was summer,when the number only accounted for 1.6% of the total due to higher temperature and more convective weather in the *** the Yangtze Delta, DFEs occurred less and were weaker in the 1960s,but turned to increase from the end of the 1970s to the beginning of the 1980s,with an abrupt change in ***,DFEs occurred more frequently,intensively,and indeterministically,and in particular,most fre- quently in the 1980s and intensively in the *** both the frequency and intensity of DFEs decline apparently in the period of 2000—2005 in the delta.

关键词： the Yangtze Delta dense fog events(DFE) inter-annual variation Mann-Kendall method running-t test

The chemical and size distribution characteristics during one new particle formation process in Beijing

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The chemical and size distribution characteristics during on...

Prediction of solar cycle based on the invariant

第十届全国气溶胶会议暨第六届海峡两岸气溶胶技术研讨会

作者： Zhang Yangmei Sun Junying Lin Weili Sheng Xiaojing Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry,centre for atmosphere watch and services,chinese academy of meteorological sciences,china meteorological administration

The aerosol mass spectrometers（AMS） and Scanning Mobility particle size（SMPS） were deployed to research the new particle formation events in *** whole campaign covers from June 5 to June 30 in ***,two representative new particle formation events were observed throughout the experiment *** features of new particle formation（NPF） process are concluded from this *** the beginning of NPF,it is shown that the new particle formation event always occur when the wind direction shift from north-west to south,and the mass concentration of aerosol is very ***,Number concentration of ultra-fine particles（10-25nm） increasing ***,increasing concentration of the reactive gases SO2,NOx were monitored just before the new particle *** O3 concentration increases coincide with the NPF *** gas-particle transformation process,sulfate,ammonium and organics particles *** variation of aerosol chemical components and size distribution during the new particle formation process shows that sulfate,ammonium and organics is the main components *** organics mass fragment analysis result proves again that it is the secondary organics not primary organics aerosol involves into the new particle formation events.

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来源： cnki会议评论

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chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第23期48卷 2568-2571页

作者： LIU Shijun, YU Xiaoding & CHEN Yongyi chinese meteorological administration Training centre, Beijing 100081, china Correspondence should be addressed to Liu Shijun (e-mail: liushj@ ***) chinese meteorological administration Training centre Beijing China

A new method of predicting solar activities has been introduced in this paper. The method can predict both the occurrence time and the maximum number of sunspot at the same time. By studying the variation of sunspot, we find that the combination of the several variables was nearly in-variable during the entire solar cycles, as called invariant. And just only by determining the start time of a cycle, we can predict the occurrence time of cycles peak value accurately. Furthermore, according to observational data of the sunspot cycles, it showed that the sunspot maximum number has correlation not only with the prophase variety of the number in the cycle but also with the anaphase of the previous period. So we can introduce an equivalent regression coefficient, which can dynamically self-adapt to different cycle lengths, and effectively solve the inconsistency between the accuracy and the lead-time of the forecast. It can guarantee the satis-fied accuracy and effectively increases the lead-time of the forecast. This method can predict the maximum sunspot number for solar cycle at the approximate half rise of the period. This method predicts that the occurrence time of the maximum sunspot number for cycle 24 will be in January 2011.

关键词：太阳黑子太阳活动周期周期预测地磁指数

Study of statistically correcting model CMAQ-MOS for forecasting regional air quality

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第S2期48卷 155-172页

作者： XU Jianming, XU Xiangde, LIU Yu, DING Guoan, CHEN Huailiang, HU Jiangkai, ZHANG Jianchun, WU Hao, LI Weiliang, HE Jinhai, YANG Yuanqin & WANG Jiahe Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, china State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, chinese academy of meteorological sciences, Beijing 100081, china meteorological Bureau of Henan Province, Institute of meteorological sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, china National meteorological centre of china meteorological administration, Beijing 100081, china National meteorological Information centre of china meteorological administration, Beijing 100081, china Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing 210044 China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China meteorological Bureau of Henan Province Institute of Meteorological Sciences Zhengzhou 450000 China National meteorological centre of china meteorological administration Beijing 100081 China National meteorological Information centre of china meteorological administration Beijing 100081 China

Based on analysis of the air pollution observational data at 8 observation sites in Beijing including outer suburbs during the period from September 2004 to March 2005, this paper reveals synchronal and in-phase characteristics in the spatial and temporal variation of air pollutants on a city-proper scale at deferent sites; describes seasonal differences of the pollutant emission influence between the heating and non-heating periods, also significantly local differences of the pollutant emission influence between the urban district and outer suburbs, i.e. the spatial and temporal distribution of air pollutant is closely related with that of the pollutant emission intensity. This study shows that due to complexity of the spatial and temporal distribution of pollution emission sources, the new generation Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model developed by the EPA of USA produced forecasts, as other models did, with a systematic error of significantly lower than observations, albeit the model has better capability than previous models had in predicting the spatial distribution and variation tendency of multi-sort pollutants. The reason might be that the CMAQ adopts average amount of pollutant emission inventory, so that the model is difficult to objectively and finely describe the distribution and variation of pollution emission sources intensity on different spatial and temporal scales in the areas, in which the pollution is to be forecast. In order to correct the systematic prediction error resulting from the average pollutant emission inventory in CMAQ, this study proposes a new way of combining dynamics and statistics and establishes a statistically correcting model CMAQ-MOS for forecasts of regional air quality by utilizing the relationship of CMAQ outputs with corresponding observations, and tests the forecast capability. The investigation of experiments presents that CMAQ-MOS reduces the systematic errors of CMAQ because of the uncertainty of pollution e

关键词： CMAQ-MOS point-area combination emission source influence emission inventory air quality.

The PNA wavetrain and the sea surface temperature in the Northern Pacific

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1990年第4期9卷 527-538页

作者： Lin Xuechun Institute of Synoptic and Dynamic Meteorology, academy of meteorological Science, SMA, Beijing, china Inst. of Synoptic & Dynamic Meteorology Academy of Meteorological Science SMA Beijing China.

In this paper, the response of the atmospheric 3-5 year cycle to Northern Pacific SST is discussed, The results are as follows:1. From the simultaneous temporal correlations between the Equatorial Eastern Pacific SST, the westerly dirft area's SST and the Northern Pacific SST at all gridpoints, we find that there are three correlative regions in the Northern Pacific SST field, they are the westerly drift area, the Equatorial Eastern Pacific and the Alaska Bay , and their structures are very similar to the PNA pattern in the atmosphere The difference PTI between the Equatorial Eastern Pacific SST anomaly and the westerly drift area's SST anomaly can indicate the change of the PNA pattern of the Northern Pacific SST anomaly. It can represent SST change of 65 % areas over the Northern Pacific and can keep watch on El Nino and un-El Nino.2. Simultaneous temporal correlative field between PTI and filtered 500hPa (there is 3-5 year cycle only ) of the Northern Hemisphere presents clear PNA structure. The responses of the filtered 500hPa to El Nino and to un-EI Nino produce +PNA and -PNA wavetrains respectively.3. According to the different positions of the sea-surface temperature rise (drop) ,El Nino (un-EI Nino )can be divided into two classes: east-pattern and middle-pattern. The responses of the filtered 500hPa to the east-pattern and to the middle-pattern will produce PNA and EAA wavetrain respectively. This indicates that the responses of the atmosphere to the stationary heat sources in diffrent areas will produce wavetrains in diffrent track.

关键词： Nino EI The PNA wavetrain and the sea surface temperature in the Northern Pacific SST PNA