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Expression of two insect-resistant genes cryIA (b&c)/GNA in transgenic tobacco plants results in added protection against both cotton bollworm and aphids

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chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第22期44卷 2051-2058页

作者： WANG Zhibin and QUO SanduiLaboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , biotechnology research Center, chinese academy of agricultural sciences , beijing 100081, china Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Biotechnology Research Center Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China

The synthesized Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal protein gene crylA(b&c) and the synthesized gene GNA, (the mannose specific lectin from snowdrop ( Galanthus nivalis)), tumefaciens have been inserted into plant expression vector pGW4BAI. Leave stripes of Nico-tiana tabacum var. K326 have been transformed with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harboring the plant expression vector. 28 kanamycin resistant tobacco plants

关键词： crylA(b&c) snowdrop lectin insect-resistance transgenic plants cotton bollworm aphids pyramiding.

Effect of 5'-deletion of Arabi-dopsis profilin2 promoter on its vascular specific expression

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chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第19期46卷 1627-1630页

作者： LIU Yuhui, WANG Zhixing & JIA Shirongbiotechnology research institute, chinese academy of agricultural sciences, beijing 100081, china biotechnology research institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China

Based on the published sequence of profilin2 promoter of Arabidopsis thaliana, a full-length promoter (1667 bp) was amplified by PCR. The 5’ -end deletion fragments with length of 1380, 1153, 969 and 597 bp were then fused with gus (uid\) gene respectively. Constructed plant expression vectors were individually transferred into Kalan-choe laciniata and transgenic plants regenerated. GUS his-tochemical assay confirmed that the full-length promoter Pfnl.7 was vascular-specific. Deletion assays showed that profilin2 promoter could be divided into three parts. Deletion of fragment 1 ( -1667 -1380 bp) resulted in constitutive expression, suggesting that element(s) responsible for vascular-specific expression might exist in this region. Fragment 2 located at -1153 - -597 bp strongly inhibited gus gene expression. Fragment 3 ( -597 - -1 bp) is considered as a basic domain of profilin2.

关键词： profilin2 promoter Kalanchoe constitutive expression vascular-specific expression.

Palynological characters of Glycyrrhiza,Glycyrrhizopsis,and Meristotropis(Leguminosae),with special reference to their taxonomic significance

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2010年第6期48卷 455-463页

作者： 1,2Lei MENG 2Xiang-Yun ZHU 1(College of Biological sciences,china agricultural University,beijing 100094,china) 2(institute of Botany,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100093,china) (College of Biological sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China) (institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China)

The pollen morphology of 11 species of the genus Glycyrrhiza *** one from each of the genera Glycyrrhizopsis Boiss.& *** Meristotropis Fisch.& *** investigated by scanning electron *** pollen morphology,the main differences between Glycyrrhizopsis and Glycyrrhiza are:Glycyrrhizopsis-pollen grains 36.63 × 40.42 μm in size,oblate spheroidal in shape;and Glycyrrhiza-pollen grains 24.47-33.18 × 23.82-31.83 μm in size,prolate spheroidal in *** and Glycyrrhiza should be recognized as two distinct genera based on palynological and morphological *** and Glycyrrhiza are similar in many important palynological and morphological characters,suggesting that the two should be *** Glycyrrhiza,two types of pollen grains,3-lobed-circular or subtriangular in polar view,are found in different species,in accordance with morphological differences in the two groups,shedding light on the classification and evolution of the genus.

关键词： exine sculpture morphological character pollen morphology taxonomic revision.

Homoeologous cloning of ω-secalin gene family in a wheat 1BL/1RS translocation

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Cell research 2005年第8期15卷 658-664页

作者： Jian Fang CHAI1,2, Xu LIU1, Ji Zeng JIA1,* 1Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm & biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture / institute of Crop sciences, chinese academy of agricultural sciences, beijing 100081, china 2institute of Genetics and Physiology, Hebei academy of agricultural and Forestry sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, china Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm & biotechnology Ministry of Agriculture / Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China institute of Genetics and Physiology Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Shijiazhuang China

Wheat 1BL/1RS translocations are widely planted in china as well as in most of the wheat producing area in the world for their good qualities of disease resistance and high yield. 1BL/1RS translocations are however poor in bread making, partially caused by a family of small monomeric proteins, ω-secalins, which are encoded by genes on 1RS. Based on published sequence of a rye ω-secalin gene we designed a pair of primers to cover the whole mature protein coding sequence. A major band could be amplified from 1BL/1RS translocations but not from euploid wheat. Using this primer set we conducted PCR amplification by using high fidelity Pfu polymerase on the genomic DNAs and cDNAs purified from a 1BL/1RS translocation Lankao 906. Sequencing analysis indicated that this gene family contains several mem- bers of 1150 bp, 1076 bp, 1075 bp, 1052 bp and 1004 bp genes, including two pseudogenes and three active genes. The gene transcripts were differentially expressed in developing seeds.

关键词： wheat 1BL/1RS translocation ω-secalin quality homoeologous cloning.

Value of ecosystem services in china

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chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第10期45卷 870-876页

作者： CHEN Zhongxin & ZHANG XinshiLaboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology, institute of Botany, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100093, china Current address: institute of Natural Resources and Regional Planning, chinese academy of agricultural sciences, beijing 100081, china Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The function and services are the important components of the life-support system in theplanet, as well as the basic elements for sustainable development of environment and society. It is a must to evaluate it for incorporating it with the social-economic system. It is also an important approach to draw the public attention on the environmental and ecosystem conservation. In this study, the ecosystem function and services in china were estimated by employing the classification and economic parameters from Costanza et al. The type and area of terrestrial ecosystems were extracted from Vegetation Map of china (1:4 000 000), and then the distribution map of ecosystem services of china was drawn. According to our calculation, the total value of ecosystem services in china is 77 834.48×108 RMB yuan per annum. The value for terrestrial ecosystem is 56 098.46×108 yuan per annum, and that for marine ecosystem is 21 736.02×108 yuan per annum. The value of ecosystem services in china is 1.73 times bigger

关键词： ecosystem function service.

Novel alleles among soybean Bowman-Birk proteinase inhibitor gene families

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Science china(Life sciences) 2008年第8期51卷 687-692页

作者： WANG YuePing1,2, CHEN XiongTing2 & QIU LiJuan1 1 National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm & biotechnology(MOA)/institute of Crop Science, chinese academy of agricultural sciences, beijing 10008, china 2 institute of Tropical biotechnology, chinese academy of Tropical agricultural sciences, Haikou 571101, china National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm & Biotechnology (MOA)/Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China institute of Tropical biotechnology Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Haikou China

Trypsin inhibitors have been found in various animals, plants and *** were two types of trypsin inhibitors in soybean including Bowman-Birk protease inhibitors(BBI) and Kunitz in-hibitors(KTI).The different BBI genes from wild soybean(***) and cultivated soybean(***) formed a multigene *** constructed a cDNA library of cultivar 'SuiNong 14' seed at the R7 growth stage using the SMART *** contigs or singletons were highly homologous to soy-bean protease *** of 5, 35, 8 and 9 were highly homologous to BBI family members BBI-A1, BBI-A2, BBI-C and BBI-D, *** analyses showed there were novel allelic varia-tions among the 4 BBI members in SuiNong *** on the comparison of soybean seed cDNA li-braries from different developmental stages, it was apparent that the expression of trypsin inhibitors increased during seed development in *** analysis of BBI gene sequences among dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants demonstrated that these genes shared a common pro-genitor.

关键词： soybean trypsin inhibitor Bowman-Birk proteinase inhibitor Kunitz trypsin inhibitor allelic variation

Physical mechanisms of plant roots affecting weathering and leaching of loess soil

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Science china Earth sciences 2006年第9期49卷 1002-1008页

作者： LI Yong1,2, ZHANG Qingwen1,2, WAN Guojiang3, HUANG Ronggui3, PIAO Hechun3, BAI Lingyu2 & LI Lu2 1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, institute of Soil and Water Conservation, chinese academy of sciences, Yangling 712100, china 2. institute of Agro-Environment and Sustainable Development, chinese academy of agricultural sciences, beijing 100081, china 3. institute of Geochemistry, chinese academy of sciences, Guiyang 550002, china State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences Yangling China institute of Agro-Environment and Sustainable Development Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang China

Plant roots have potential impacts on soil mineral weathering and *** objective is to understand the physical mechanisms of plant roots affecting weathering andleaching of loess soil. Root densities were measured through the method of a large-size dug profile,and transport fluxes of soil elements were determined using an undisturbed monolith soilinfiltration device on the hilly and gully regions of the chinese Loess Plateau. The results showthat the improvement effects of soil environment by plant roots are mainly controlled by the densityand weight of the fibrous roots with the diameters less than 1 mm. Plant roots have the strongereffects on soil physical properties than chemical properties. The principal components analysis(PCA) indicates that soil physical properties by plant roots account for 56.7% of variations in soilenvironment whereas soil chemical properties and pH contribute about 24.2% of the soil *** roles of plant roots in controlling soil weathering and leaching increased in the followingorder: infiltration enhancement > increase of bio-active substance > stabilization of soilstructure. The effects of plant roots on soil mineral weathering and leaching can be quantifiedusing the multiple regression models with the high prediction accuracies developed in this study.

关键词： plant roots, soil weathering and leaching rates, soil environment field, principal components analysis (PCA), chinese Loess Plateau.

Regional differences and determinants of built-up area expansion in china

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Science china Earth sciences 2007年第12期50卷 1835-1843页

作者： HUANG JiKun1,2,ZHU LiFen3,1 & DENG XiangZheng1,2 1 Center for chinese agricultural Policy,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china 2 institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources research,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china 3 research Center of the Economy of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River,Chongqing Technology and Business University,Chongqing 400067,china Center for chinese agricultural Policy Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China research Center of the Economy of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Chongqing Technology and Business University Chongqing China

Based on remote sensing data on land use provided by the chinese academy of sciences and socio-economic data collected by the authors,this paper analyzes the trends and regional differences in built-up area(BUA) expansion in china from the late 1980s to 2000,and empirically estimates the major determinants of BUA expansion in different regions in 1996―*** 1989―2000,although china's overall BUA expansion accelerated,the trends differed significantly among *** expansion in the central and western regions accelerated significantly,but it slowed down considerably in the east-ern *** estimation results from our econometric analysis reveal that BUA expansion in the eastern region reached a period when economic growth had no further significant impact on per capita BUA,the land utilization in this region has become more intensive with further expansion of the *** the central and western regions,the BUA has expanded remarkably due to the relatively more flexible land development policies and the relatively cheap land ***,as the econ-omy continues to grow rapidly,policies relating to BUA expansion and cultivated land reductions may face more serious challenges in the central and western regions.

关键词： built-up area, land use, regional difference, determinants, china

The Assessment and Utilization of Straw Resources in china

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agricultural sciences in china 2010年第12期9卷 1807-1815页

作者： WANG Ya-jing, BI Yu-yun and GAO Chun-yu institute of agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, chinese academy of agricultural sciences, beijing 100081, P.R.china institute of agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R.China

The study was undertaken to evaluate the collectable and usable volume of existing straw resources, its suitability for different ways of utilization and fully reorganization of its development potential in china. Based on the results on the stubble heights of major crops in the Huang-Huai-Hai area （the area along the Yellow River, Huai River, and Hai River）, the evaluation of the collectable and usable coefficients, and the collectable and usable volumes of various straw resources in china were worked out during 2005. The respective collectable and usable volumes of straw resources were worked out on the basis of suitability as fuel, feed, fertilizer, and base material for edible mushrooms. The total collectable and utilizable quantity of straw in china was 685 950 000 t, and the mean collection coefficient was 0.81 during 2005. The quantity of straw residue and wasted straw accounted for 19%. The collectable and utilizable quantities of grain, cash crop, and other crop straw were 492 310 000, 162 610 000, and 31 030 000 t which accounted for 71.77, 23.71, and 4.52%, respectively of the total collectable and utilizable quantity of straw. The quantity of straw which could be used as fuel was 635 000 000 t, which accounted for 92.63% of total quantity of the straw in the country during 2005. Among the total quantity of collectable and utilizable straw in china during 2005, the quantities of straw suitable and unsuitable for being processed as feedstuff were 587 640 000 and 98 310 000 t, which accounted for 85.67 and 14.33%, respectively. The quantity of straw residue returned to the field and collectable and utilizable straw for direct field restoration was 616 000 000 t, which accounted for about three-fourths of the total straw yield, while the quantity of straw for cultivation of edible mushrooms and industrial processing was about 587 000 000 t, which accounted for more than 85% of the total collectable and utilizable straw. The evaluation results indicate that t

关键词： china straw resources collectable and utilizable quantity suitability assessment