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Hydrocarbon enrichment characteristics and difference analysis in the TZ1-TZ4 well block of the Tarim basin

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petroleum Science 2010年第2期7卷 201-210页

作者： Jiang Zhenxue Pang Xiongqi Yang Haijun Li Zhuo Xiang Caifu Gu Qiaoyuan State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resources and Prospecting Beijing 102249 China basin and reservoirresearch center China University＂ of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Exploration and Development Institute of the Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Korla Xinjiang 841000 China

The reservoirs in the TZ1-TZ4 well block of the Tarim basin are complex, and the hydrocarbon enrichment shows differences. The three Carboniferous oil layers are characterized by ＂oil in the upper and lower layers and gas in the middle＂ in profile and ＂oil in the west and gas in the east＂ in plane view. In order to discuss the complex reservoir accumulation mechanisms, based on the petroleum geology and reservoir distribution, we studied the generation history of source rocks, the fault evolution and sealing, the accumulation periods and gas washing, and reconstructed the accumulation process of the TZ1-TZ4 well block. It is concluded that the hydrocarbon enrichment differences of oil layers CIII, CII and CI were caused by multiple sources and multi-period hydrocarbon charging and adjustment. The CII was closely related to CIII, but CI was formed by reservoir adjustment during the Yanshan period and was not affected by gas washing after it was formed. During the Himalayan period, different degrees of gas washing in the east and west led to hydrocarbon enrichment differences on the plane. The Carboniferous accumulation process of two-stage charging and one-stage adjustment is summarized： oil charging during the late Hercynian period is the first accumulation period of CIII and CII; oil reservoirs were adjusted into CI in the Yanshan period; finally gas washing in the Himalayan period is the second accumulation period of CIII and CII, but CI was not affected by gas washing. This complex accumulation process leads to the hydrocarbon enrichment differences in the TZ1-TZ4 well block.

关键词： Tarim basin enrichment difference multi-source and multi-period charging accumulation process

Potential risks of spectrum whitening deconvolution——compared with well-driven deconvolution

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petroleum Science 2009年第2期6卷 146-152页

作者： Li Guofa Zhou Hui Zhao Chao State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Key Laboratory of CNPC Geophysical Exploration China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China

Deconvolution is widely used to increase the resolution of seismic data. To compare the resolution ability of conventional spectrum whitening deconvolution to thin layers with that of welldriven deconvolution, a complex sedimentary geological model was designed, and then the simulated seismic data were processed respectively by each of the two methods. The amplitude spectrum of seismic data was almost white after spectrum whitening, but the wavelet resolution was low. The amplitude spectrum after well-driven deconvolution deviated from white spectrum, but the wavelet resolution was high. Further analysis showed that if an actual reflectivity series could not well satisfy the hypothesis of white spectrum, spectrum whitening deconvolution had a potential risk of wavelet distortion, which might lead to a pitfall in high resolution seismic data interpretation. On the other hand, the wavelet after well- driven deconvolution had higher resolution both in the time and frequency domains. It is favorable for high resolution seismic interpretation and reservoir prediction.

关键词： Well-driven high resolution spectrum whitening deconvolution seismic wavelet

Geochemical characteristics and origin of gases from the Upper,Lower Paleozoic and the Mesozoic reservoirs in the Ordos basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 183-194页

作者： HU AnPing 1 ,Li Jian 2 ,ZHANG WenZheng 3 ,LI ZhiSheng 2 ,HOU Lu 4 &LIU QuanYou 5 1 Department of Earth Sciences,Zhejiang university,Hangzhou 310027,china 2 Langfang Branch,Reasearch Institute of petroleum Exploration and Development,Petrochina,Langfang 065007,china 3 Institute of Exploration and Development,Petrochina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi’an 710021,china 4 university of petroleum,beijing102.4.,china 5 Petrochina research Institute of petroleum Exploration and Development,beijing 100083,china 1. Department of Earth Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China2. Langfang Branch Reasearch Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Langfang 065007 China3. Institute of Exploration and Development PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi’an 710021 China4. University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China5. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083 China

The Ordos basin,the second largest sedimentary basin in china,contains the broad distribution of natural gas *** far,several giant gas fields have been discovered in the Upper and Lower Paleozoic in this basin,each having over 1000×10 8 m 3 of proven gas reserves,and several gas pools have also been discovered in the *** paper collected the data of natural gases and elucidated the geochemical characteristics of gases from different reservoirs,and then discussed their *** hydrocarbons preserved in the Upper Paleozoic,the elevatedδ13C values of methane,ethane and propane indicate that the gases would be mainly coal-formed gases;the singular reversal in the stable carbon isotopes of gaseous alkanes suggests the mixed gases from humic sources with different *** the Lower Paleozoic,theδ13C 1 values are mostly similar with those in the Upper Paleozoic,but theδ13C 2 andδ13C 3 values are slightly lighter,suggesting that the gases would be mixing of coal-type gases as a main member and oil-type *** are multiple reversals in carbon isotopes for gaseous alkanes,especially abnormal reversal for methane and ethane(i.e.δ13C 1 >δ13C 2 ),inferring that gases would be mixed between high-mature coal-formed gases and oil-type *** the Mesozoic,the δ13Cvalues for gaseous alkanes are enriched in 12C,indicating that the gases are mainly derived from sapropelic sources;the carbon isotopic reversal for propane and butane in the Mesozoic is caused by microbial oxidation and mixing of gases from sapropelic sources with different *** contrast to the Upper Paleozoic gases,the Mesozoic gases are characterized by heavier carbon isotopes of iso-butane than normal butane,which may be caused by gases generated from different kerogen types. Finally,according toδ13C 1 -Ro relationship and extremely low total organic carbon contents,the Low Paleozoic gases would not be generated from the Ordovician source as a main gas source,bycontrast, the Upper Pale

关键词： Ordos basin natural gas chemical composition carbon isotope genesis

Formation mechanism of carbonate cemented zones adjacent to the top overpressured surface in the central Junggar basin,NW china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第4期53卷 529-540页

作者： YANG Zhi1,2,ZOU CaiNeng1,3,HE Sheng2,LI QiYan1,HE ZhiLiang3,WU HengZhi5,CAO Feng1,MENG XianLong4,WANG FuRong2 & XIAO Qilin21 State Key Laboratory of EOR,research Institute of petroleum Exploration & Development,Petrochina,beijing 100083,china 2 Key Laboratory of Tectonics and petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education,china university of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,china 3 State Key Laboratory of EOR,research Institute of petroleum Exploration & Development,Petrochina,beijing 100083,china 4 research Institute of petroleum Exploration and Production,SINOPEC,beijing 100083,china 5 Southwest Branch Company,SINOPEC,Chengdu 610051,china 1. State Key Laboratory of EOR Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China2. Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China3. State Key Laboratory of EOR Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development Petrochina Beijing 100083 China5. Southwest Branch Company SINOPEC Chengdu 610051 China4. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China

Carbonate cemented zones are normally adjacent to the top overpressured surface in the central Junggar basin,NW *** carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions and petrological investigations of carbonate cements in the carbonate cemented zones indicate that:(1) carbonate cements are composed dominantly of ferrocalcite,ferroan dolomite,and ankerite;(2) carbonate cements are formed under a high temperature circumstance in the subsurface,and organic fluid migration has an important effect on the formation of them;and(3) carbon and oxygen ions in the carbonate cements migrate from the underlying overpressured *** suggests that the occurrence of carbonate cemented zones in this region results from multiple phases of organic fluid expulsion out of the overpressure compartment through geological *** study provides a plausible mechanism of the formation of carbonate cemented zones adjacent to the top overpressured surface in the clastic sedimentary basins,and has an important implication for understanding the internal correlation between the formation of carbonate cemented zones adjacent to top overpressured surface and geofluids expulsion out of overpressured system.

关键词： carbonate cemented zones formation mechanism stable carbon and oxygen isotopic top overpressured surface central Junggar basin coal-bearing strata

Fault System,Deformation Style and Development Mechanism of the Bachu Uplift,Tarim basin

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Journal of Earth Science 2012年第4期23卷 529-541页

作者：佟殿君张俊霞阳怀忠胡德胜任建业 Key Laboratory of Tectonics and petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences School of Economics and Management China University of Geosciences beijing research Institute CNOOC Zhanjiang Branch CNOOC Structral research center of Oil&Gas Bearing basin Ministry of EducationChina University of Geosciences

The Bachu （巴楚） uplift is one of the most active tectonic regions nowadays in the Tarim basin, which is also a faulted block uplift that was intensively active during the Cenozoic. This study was based primarily on the geological structure interpretation of seismic profiles, applying the theories and methods of basin dynamics, structural analysis and tectono-stratigraphic analysis, the geometry and kinematics features of the fault systems in the Bachn uplift were analyzed in detail. Our study shows that each fault belt is mainly characterized by compression and overthrusting, most of the faults initiated and activated during the Mid-Late Himalayan period, and that the general structural styles of the Bachu uplift were basement-involved pop-up thrust faulted block uplift, of which the southern margin was covered by the large-scale decollement fault system. The basement-involved structures widely developed in the higher position of the basement uplift, while decollement fault system developed mainly at the position with gypsum mudstone. The evolution process of Bachu uplift included back-bulge slope of the peripheral foreland basin in Mid-Late Caledonian, forebulge in HercynianYanshanian and the latest compressional faulted block uplift in Mid-Late Himalayan. Meanwhile,the study also suggests that the formation, reconstruction and stabilization of the uplift were controlled by the development and evolution of fault systems clearly. In the early forebulge stage, it was mainly presented as flexural deformation without the developing of thrust faults in the Bachu area; to the late stage, under the influence of violent lateral compression deformation, the faulted block uplift formed finally.

关键词： fault system structural style structural evolution Bachu uplift Tarim basin.

Diagenesis and Restructuring Mechanism of Oil and Gas reservoir in the Marine Carbonate Formation,Northeastern Sichuan:A Case Study of the Puguang Gas reservoir

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2009年第6期83卷 1173-1181页

作者： DU Chunguo1, 2, WANG Jianjun1, ZOU Huayao2, ZHU Yangming3 and WANG Cunwu4 1 research Institute of petroleum Exploration and Development, beijing 100034, china 2 petroleum university of china, beijing 102.4., china 3 Department of Earth Science, Zhejiang university, Hangzhou 310027, china 4 Faculty of Earth Resources, china university of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, china Faculty of Earth Resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

Based on the technology of balanced cross-section and physical simulation experiments associated with natural gas geochemical characteristic analyses, core and thin section observations, it has been proven that the Puguang gas reservoir has experienced two periods of diagenesis and restructuring since the Late Indo-Chinese epoch. One is the fluid transfer controlled by the tectonic movement and the other is geochemical reconstruction controlled by thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR). The middle Yanshan epoch was the main period that the Puguang gas reservoir experienced the geochemical reaction of TSR. TSR can recreate the fluid in the gas reservoir, which makes the gas drying index higher and carbon isotope heavier because C2+ (ethane and heavy hydrocarbon) and 12C (carbon 12 isotope) is first consumed relative to CH4 and 13C (carbon 13 isotope). However, the reciprocity between fluid regarding TSR (hydrocarbon, sulfureted hydrogen (H2S) , and water) and reservoir rock results in reservoir rock erosion and anhydrite alteration, which increases porosity in reservoir, thereby improving the petrophysical properties. Superimposed by later tectonic movement, the fluid in Puguang reservoir has twice experienced adjustment, one in the late Yanshan epoch to the early Himalayan epoch and the other time in late Himalayan epoch, after which Puguang gas reservoir is finally developed.

关键词： diagenesis and restructuring mechanism marine carbonate formation thermochemical sulfate reduction Puguang gas reservoir

Classification and origin of natural gases from Lishui Sag,the East china Sea basin

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 122-130页

作者： CHEN JianPing 1,2 ,GE HePing 3 ,CHEN XiaoDong 3 ,DENG ChunPing 1,2 &LIANG DiGang 1,2 1 research Institute of petroleum Exploration&Development,Petrochina,beijing 100083,china 2 Key Lab of petroleum Geochemistry,CNPC,beijing 100083,china 3 Shanghai Division,CNOOC,Shanghai 200030,china 1. research Institute of petroleum Exploration & Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China2. Key Lab of Petroleum Geochemistry CNPC Beijing 100083 China3. Shanghai Division CNOOC Shanghai 200030 China

Natural gases discovered up to now in Lishui Sag,the East china Sea basin,differ greatly in gaseous compositions,of which hydrocarbon gases amount to 2%―94%while non-hydrocarbon gases are dominated by *** hydrocarbon gases,without exception,contain less than 90%of methane and over 10%of C2 + heavier hydrocarbons,indicating a wet *** isotopic analyses on these hydrocarbon gases showed thatδ13C 1 ,δ13C 2 andδ13C 3 are basically lighter than-44‰,-29‰and-26‰, *** difference in carbon isotopic values between methane and ethane is great,suggesting a biogenic oil-type gas produced by the mixed organic matter at peak generation.δ13C CO2 values of nonhydrocarbon gases are all heavier than-10‰,indicating a typical abiogenic *** simulation experiment on hydrocarbon generation of organic matter in a closed gold-tube system showed that the proportion of methane in natural gases produced by terrigenous organic matter in the Lingfeng Formation marine deposit is obviously higher than that in natural gases derived from the aquatic and terrigenous mixed organic matter in the Yueguifeng Formation lacustrine deposit,consequently the proportion of heavier hydrocarbons of the former is remarkably lower than that of the ***, δ13C 1 values of natural gases produced by terrigenous organic matter in the Lingfeng Formation marine deposit are about 5‰heavier than those of natural gases derived from the aquatic and terrigenous mixed organic matter in the Yueguifeng Formation lacustrine deposit whileδ13C 2 andδ13C 3 values of the former are over 9‰heavier than those of the *** the LS36-1 oil-gas pool is the only commercial oil-gas reservoir in Lishui Sag,where carbon isotopic compositions of various hydrocarbon components differ greatly from those of natural gases produced by the Lingfeng Formation organic matter but are very similar to those of natural gases derived from the Yueguifeng Formation organic matter,therefore,natural gases in the

关键词： Lishui Sag natural gas biogenesis abiogenesis lacustrine source rock marine source rock coal-measures source rock

Ecological hydrograph based on Schizothorax chongi habitat conservation in the dewatered river channel between Jinping cascaded dams

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2011年第S1期54卷 54-63页

作者： LI RuoNan 1,CHEN QiuWen 1,2 & Duan Chen 1,3 1 research center for Eco-environmental Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,beijing 100085,china 2 china Three Gorges university,Yichang 443002,china 3 Hydraulics Department,Changjiang River Scientific research Institute,Wuhan 430010,china 1. research center for Eco-environmental Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China 2. china Three Gorges university Yichang 443002 China 3. Hydraulics Department Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Wuhan 430010 China

Hydropower development changes the river hydrological regime,thereby altering river ecosystem *** important measure for reducing degradation of ecosystem is to determine ecological flow and implement it by reservoir *** paper described a method to calculate river ecological flow based on fish habitat conservation and applied it to Jinping River Bend of Yalong *** chongi was selected as target species,and the fish habitat model coupling with water environmental model was developed according to the relationship between fish and water environment ***,improved hydraulic habitat suitability index(IHHS) and habitat fragment index(HFI) varying with discharge were discussed in this *** area representing average annual flow was taken as a reference,and then ecological hydrographs under different habitat conservation levels were calculated considering season variation and life stages of *** to the natural condition,the model results indicated that the reservoir operation clearly influenced the habitat of the target *** was proposed to ensure flow releases to maintain 70%-90% habitat in section after joint while about 60% before joint.

关键词： river habitat habitat assessment ecological flow ecological hydrograph

Calculating soil moisture by remote sensing and analyzing hydrologic cycle process in the Yellow River basin

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2004年第z1期47卷 1-13页

作者： YANG Shengtian1 & LIU Changming1, 2 1. School of Environmental Sciences, beijing Normal university, beijing 100875, china 2. Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources research, beijing 100101, china beijing Normal Univ Sch Environm Sci Beijing 100875 Peoples R China Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Beijing 100101 Peoples R China

Based on the AVHRR pathfinder remote sensing data, soil moisture, precipitation and evaporation during the period of 1982—1998, soil moisture of all layers of soil-profile (0—1 m) in the Yellow River basin over the 17 years are calculated by the remote sensing model of calculating soil water. The Yellow River basin is divided into seven subcatchments as control sections at the location of six hydrologic stations (Lanzhou, Toudaoguai, Longmen, Sanmenxia, Huayuankou and Lijin). After calculating soil moisture and obtaining runoff data and precipitation data, the dynamical features of hydrological cycle in the Yellow River basin are analyzed for the period from 1982 to 1988 using water balance method. The conclusions are as follows: It is feasible to calculate the soil water on the macro-scale, in the soil profile with temporal continuity by means of remote sensing and survey in land. Some values of the key water cycle factors in the Yellow River are obtained, which include the annual precipitation of 4000 km3, the evapotranspiration of 3000-3500 km3, and the soil moisture transformation of ?500- 500 km3. Consequently, we analyzed the process of the water cycle in the Yellow River over the 17 years, and the results show that the segment upstream of Lanzhou city is a relatively humid region, and the area of internal waters and the reaches of Shanshan is the most desiccated region. Therefore, the runoff in the depth process is intensive and the runoff-generating process is weak in more arid regions.

关键词： the Yellow River, soil moisture, remote sensing, hydrologic cycle.