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Performance analysis and optimal design for well patterns in anisotropic formations

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petroleum Science 2008年第3期5卷 251-257页

作者： Liu Yuetian Key Laboratory of petroleum Engineering Ministry of Education China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China

The mechanism of the effects of anisotropic permeability on well patterns and reservoir development are investigated by coordinate transformation, fluid flow analysis, and reservoir development concepts. Anisotropy of permeability has reconstructive effects on well patterns. The originally designed flooding units are broken up, and new pattern units are made up of the wells that belong to different original units. The behavior possesses strong randomness, and leads to a complicated relationship among the injection and production wells, and unpredictable productivity of the formations. To prevent the break-up of well patterns, well lines should be either parallel or perpendicular to the maximum principal direction of the anisotropic permeability （i.e. the fracture direction）. To optimize the development effects ofanisotropic formations, the latitudinal and longitudinal well spacing of the well network are calculated from the principal values of the anisotropic permeability.

关键词： Fractured reservoir anisotropic permeability performance analysis well pattern design

The components and carbon isotope of the gases in inclusions in reservoir layers of Upper Paleozoic gas pools in the Ordos basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 115-121页

作者： MI JingKui 1 ,DAI JinXing 1 ,ZHANG ShuiChang 1 ,ZHANG WenZheng 2 ,GONG Se 1 &LI XianQing 3.1 Research Institute of petroleum Exploration and Development,Petrochina,beijing 100083.china 2 Exploration and Development Research Institute of Petrochina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi’an 710021,china 3.Key Laboratory of Coal Resources,Ministry of Education,china university of Miningand Technology,beijing 100083.china Petrochina Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Petrochina Changqing Oilfield Co Explorat & Dev Res Inst Xian 710021 Peoples R China china Univ Min & Technol Key Lab Coal Resources Minist Educ Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

The components and carbon isotope of gases in inclusions are one of the most important geochemical indexes for gas *** analysis results of the components and carbon isotope of gases from inclusions in reservoir layers of Upper Palaeozoic gas pools in the Ordos basin show that most inclusions grown in reservoir sandstone are primary *** is only a little difference about the components and carbon isotope between the well gases and the secondary inclusions *** indicated that the epigenetic change of gas pools is *** difference between the well gases and the secondary inclusions gases is caused by two reasons:(i)The well gases come from several disconnected sand bodies buried in a segment of depth,while the inclusion gases come from a point of depth.(ii)The secondary inclusions trapped the gases generated in the former stage of source rock gas generation,and the well gases are the mixed gases generated in all the *** is irresponsible to reconstruct the palaeo-temperature and palaeo-pressure under which the gas pool formed using carbon dioxide inclusions.

关键词： Ordos basin Upper Paleozoic inclusion gas components carbon isotope

Gas formation mechanism of marine carbonate source rocks in china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第4期48卷 441-453页

作者： ZHAO Wenzhi1, WANG Zhaoyun1, HE Haiqing2, ZHANG Mingjie3. WANG Hongjun1, WANG Yunpeng4 & QIN Yong5 1. Research Institute of petroleum Exploration & Development, Petrochina, beijing 100083. china 2. Petrochina Exploration & Production, beijing 100011, china 3. Department of Geology, Lanzhou university, Lanzhou 73.000, china 4. Guangzhou Geochemical Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, china 5. china university of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221000, china 1. Research Institute of petroleum Exploration & Development 100083 PetroChinaBeijin China 2. Petrochina Exploration & Production 100011 Beijing China 3. Department of Geology Lanzhou University 730000 Lanzhou China 4. Guangzhou Geochemical Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences 510640 Guangzhou China 5. china university of Mining and Technology 221000 Xuzhou China

By breaking through the conventional ideology on the study of gas-formation mechanism of source rocks which focused on merely the characteristics of source rocks them- selves, and based on the development and distribution characteristics of marine carbonate source rocks in the medium-to-bottom parts of the Chinese superimposed sedimentary basins as well as various processes in the course of gas generation and reservoir forming, the complex hydrocarbon-generating model of carbonates is established. Such a model concerns not only the “three-stage” gas formation characteristics of carbonates, but also the gas generation process due to a thermal cracking of oil and the re-generation process of gas from heated secondary organic matters during the gas-generation and reservoir-forming course. The high-quality hy- drocarbon generating matter of marine carbonate source rocks determined a high gas-oil ratio and tended to form paleo-oil-reservoirs, representing an enrichment process of organic matters. The thermal cracking of oil in palaeo-oil-reservoirs is an important means for the effective forma- tion of gas reservoirs. The secondary organic matters in carbonate reservoirs may regenerate gas after a secondary deep burial, thus becoming an effective gas source.

关键词： carbonate, three-stage hydrocarbon generation, inhibitive effect of maturity, oil-cracking gas, second-ary asphalt gas.

Borehole stability in naturally fractured reservoirs luring production tests

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petroleum Science 2008年第3期5卷 247-250页

作者： Zhang Fuxiang Zhang Shaoli Jiang Xuehai Lu Rende Chen Mian Tarim Oil Field Company PetroChina Korla Xinjiang 834000 China Petrochina Company Limited Beijing 100011 China School of Petrnleuln Engineering China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China

Based on the plane of weakness theory, a model for predicting borehole stability in fractured reservoirs under different stress states was estiblisted and the equations for solving borehole stability were developed. The minimum downhole pressures required to maintain borehole stability under different natural fracture occurrences were calculated by using the data from a well in the Tazhong （central Tarim） area, Tarim basin, west china. Several conclusions were drawn for naturally fractured reservoirs with a dip angle from less than 10° to greater than 3.°. Application in three wells in the Tazhong area indicates that this model is practically useful.

关键词： Production test fractured reservoir borehole stability fracture dip azimuth of fracture

Characteristics of the Bottom Boundary(T11) of Late Cretaceous Yaojia Formation in Songliao basin and Its Dynamic Background

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 141-142页

作者： Ying Song~(1,2),Jianye Ren~3.Huaizhong Yang~2 1.Key Laboratory of Tectonics and petroleum Resources(china university of Geosciences),Ministry of Education,Wuhan 43.074,china. 2.Faculty of Earth Resources,china university of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 43.074,china 3.Structural Research center of Oil&Gas Bearing basin,Ministry of Education,Branch center in china university of Geosciences,Wuhan 43.074,china

Well-preserved Cretaceous lacustrine deposits in Songliao basin NE china provide a unique oppor- tunity both for building the terrestrial type stage of Cretaceous in china and for studying the response of Cretaceous major global geological *** basin had undergone three stages of tectonic evolution during the Late Jurassic and Cretaceous:syn-rifting phase,post-rifting thermal subsidence phase and basin inversion *** shallow strata of Yaojia Formation contain excellent Putaohua and Sartu reservoir rocks,which contribute great to the giant

关键词： Songliao basin tectonic inversion responding surface tectonic revolution

Prediction of petroleum exploration risk and subterranean spatial distribution of hydrocarbon accumulations

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petroleum Science 2011年第1期8卷 17-23页

作者： Xie Hongbing Guo Qiulin Li Feng Li Jianzhong Wu Na Hu Suyun Liang Kun School of Energy Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Research Institute of petroleum Exploration ＆ Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China Science ＆ Technology Management Department China National Petroleum CorporationBeijing 100007China

Investigation of spatial distribution of oil and gas resource and accurate prediction of the geographic location of its undiscovered resource is significant for reducing exploration risk and improving exploration benefit.A new method for predicting spatial distribution of oil resource is discussed in this *** consists of prediction of risk probability in petroleum exploration and simulation of hydrocarbon abundance. Exploration risk probability is predicted by multivariate statistics,fuzzy mathematics and information processing techniques.A spatial attribute database for sample wells was set up and the Mahalanobis distance and Fuzzy value of given samples were ***,the Bayesian formula was used to calculate the hydrocarbon-bearing probability at the area of exploration ***,a hydrocarbon probability template is formed and used to forecast the probability of the unknown area. The hydrocarbon abundance is simulated based on Fourier integrals,frequency spectrum synthesis and fractal ***,the fast Fourier transformation（FFT） is used to transform the known hydrocarbon abundance from the spatial domain to the frequency domain,then,frequency spectrum synthesis is used to produce the fractal frequency spectrum,and FFT is applied to get the phase information of hydrocarbon-bearing ***,the frequency spectrum simulation is used to calculate the renewed hydrocarbon abundance in the play. This method is used to predict the abundance and possible locations of the undiscovered petroleum accumulations in the Nanpu Sag of the Bohai Bay basin,*** prediction results for the well-explored onshore area of the northern Nanpu Sag agree well with the actual *** the less-explored offshore areas in the southern Nanpu Sag,the prediction results suggest high hydrocarbon abundance in Nanpu-1 and Nanpu-2,providing a useful guiding for future exploration.

关键词： Hydrocarbon resources abundance risk forecast Nanpu sag frequency spectrum simulation fractal theory

The productivity evaluation model and its application for finite conductivity horizontal wells in fault block reservoirs

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petroleum Science 2010年第4期7卷 530-535页

作者： Jiang Hanqiao Ye Shuangjiang Lei Zhanxiang Wang Xing Zhu Guojin Chen Minfeng Key Laboratory of petroleum Engineering Ministry of Education China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Research Institute of petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China Research Institute of china National Offshore Oil Corporation Beijing 100027 China

It is very difficult to evaluate the productivity of horizontal wells in fault block reservoirs due to the influence of fault *** the basis of the method of images and source-sink theory,a semianalytical model coupling reservoir and finite conductivity horizontal wellbore flow dynamics was built,in which the influence of fault sealing was taken into *** distribution of wellbore flow and radial inflow profiles along the horizontal interval were also *** impact of the distance between the horizontal well and the fault on the well productivity was quantitatively *** on this analysis,the optimal distance between the horizontal well and the fault in banded fault block reservoirs could be *** to the field application,the relative error calculated by the model proposed in this paper is within ±15%.It is an effective evaluation method for the productivity of horizontal wells in fault block *** productivity of the horizontal well increases logarithmically as the distance between the horizontal well and the fault *** optimal distance between the horizontal well and the fault is 0.25-0.3.times the horizontal well length.

关键词： Fault block reservoir horizontal well finite conductivity productivity evaluation well location design

Sequence stratigraphic framework and distribution of depositional systems for the Paleogene in Liaodong Bay area

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 1-10页

作者： ZHU XiaoMin1,DONG YanLei1,YANG JunSheng1,ZHANG Qin1,LI DeJiang2,XU ChangGui3.& YU Shui3.1 National Key Laboratory of petroleum Resources and Prospecting,china university of petroleum,beijing 10224.,china 2 Research Institute of petroleum Exploration and Development——Langfang,Petrochina,Langfang 065007,china 3.Technology Department of CNOOC Tianjin Company,Tianjin 3.0452,china china Univ Petr Natl Key Lab Petr Resources & Prospecting Beijing 102249 Peoples R China Petrochina Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Langfang Langfang 065007 Peoples R China CNOOC Tianjin Co Dept Technol Tianjin 300452 Peoples R China

With a comprehensive geological and geophysical data base,the Paleogene in the Liaodong Bay area,which consists of the Kongdian,Shahejie and Donghying Formations from the base to top,was divided into 4 second-order sequences and 8 third-order sequences based on the characteristics of the se-quence boundaries. Each third-order sequence is subdivided into the lowstand,lake transgressive and highstand systems tracts. The Lowstand systems tract (LST) is mainly composed of progradational parasequence sets,while the lake transgressive systems tract (TST) largely consists of the retrograda-tional parasequence sets and the highstand systems tract (HST) is dominated by the progradational parasequence sets. The main types of depositional systems include the shallow lake,semi-deep lake,deep lake,delta,fan delta,braided fluvial delta and nearshore subaqueous fan. The braided fluvial delta and fan delta depositional systems are mainly confined to the sequences of the lower SEs4-Ek,SEs3.and SEs1+2,while the sequences of SEd3.SEd2 and SEd1 are dominated by the delta and nearshore subaqueous fan depositional systems with the latter being developed at the downthrown side of the basin-bounding fault in each sequence. The evolution of the depositional systems is always con-trolled by the paleo-tectonic setting and the ancient landform in the space and geological time. It is concluded that the most favorable reservoirs are distributed in the Liaoxi low uplift and the central Liaozhong sag.

关键词： Liaodong Bay area Paleogene sequence stratigraphy sequence boundary depositional system

Forming Mechanism of High Quality reservoirs of Tertiary in the Southern Margin of Junggar basin and Forecasting Before Drilling

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 139-140页

作者： Lihong Song,Shaoqiang Sui Sedimentary reservoir Key Laboratories of Experimental center,Exploration and Development Research Institute of china {3.,beijing 100083.china.

Tertiary Junggar basin has been subjected to a shrinking *** by the Yanshan orogeny, especially the Himalayan movement,the Tianshan Mountain continued to rise,leading the southern margin to the sedimentary environment with steep slope and speed *** major depositional facies in Ziniquanzi Formation is generally a set of delta under the setting of lake transgression,belonging to single deposi-

关键词： Junggar basin Teritary reservoir heavy mineral diagenesis