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Study of ozone “weekend effect” in shanghai

Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第9期51卷 1354-1360页

作者： TANG WenYuan1↑, ZHAO ChunSheng1, GENG FuHai1,2, PENG Li2, ZHOU GuangQiang2, GAO Wei2, XU JianMing2 & TIE XueXi2,3 1 Department of atmospheric Science, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, china 2 atmospheric chemistry laboratory of shanghai meteorological bureau, shanghai 20003., china 3 atmospheric chemistry Division, NCAR, Boulder CO 80301, USA Department of atmospheric Science School of Physics Peking University Beijing China atmospheric chemistry laboratory of shanghai meteorological bureau Shanghai China atmospheric chemistry Division NCAR Boulder USA

Analysis of observed ozone data in 2006 from five monitoring sites (Xujiahui, Chongming, Baoshan, Pudong, Jinshan) in shanghai reveals that ozone (O_3) concentrations in Xujiahui are higher at week-ends than those on weekdays, despite the fact that emissions of ozone precursor substances, such as oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are lower at weekends than those on weekdays. The possible chemical cause of ozone "weekend effect" is that NO_2/NO ratio increases at weekends by 25.61% compared with those on weekdays. In addition, because of an average 12.13% reduction in NOx (NO + NO_2) in the early morning (05:00-09:00) at weekends compared with that on weekdays, the ozone inhibition period ends 0.5 h earlier at weekends resulting in the longer duration of ozone accumulation and the higher ozone production rate. The rate of ozone production is a function of VOCs and NOx in the atmosphere. VOCs/NOx ratio in Xujiahui is 4.55 at weekends, and 4.37 on weekdays, belonging to the "NOx-limited". The increasing VOCs/NOx ratio at weekends leads to ozone enhancement from 73 ppbv to 80 ppbv, which are consistent with ozone "weekend effect" in Xujiahui. Furthermore, combining with MICAPS cloud amount data, the fact that ozone "weekend effect" in Xujiahui weakens gradually along with the increasing of cloud amount indicates that ozone photochemical production leads to ozone "weekend effect" in Xujiahui of shanghai.

关键词： shanghai ozone photochemical pollution "weekend effect"

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Influence of atmospheric heat sources over the Tibetan Plateau and the tropical western North Pacific on the inter-decadal variations of the stratosphere-troposphere exchange of water vapor

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第8期51卷 1179-1193页

作者： ZHAN RuiFen1,2&LI JianPing2 1shanghai Typhoon Institute of china meteorological Administration,shanghai 20003.,china 2State Key laboratory of Numerical Modeling for atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG),Institute of atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,china shanghai Typhoon Institute of china meteorological Administration State Key laboratory of Numerical Modeling for atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

This study investigates the Stratosphere-Troposphere Exchange(STE) of water vapor,emphasizes its interdecadal variations over Asia in boreal summer,and discusses the influences of atmospheric heat sources over the Tibetan Plateau and the tropical western North Pacific(WNP) on them by using the Wei method with reanalysis data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) for the years of *** climatology shows that the upward transport of water vapor across the tropopause in boreal summer is the most robust over the joining area of the South Asian Peninsula and Indian-Pacific Oceans(defined as AIPO).The upward transport over there can persistently convey the abundant water vapor into the stratosphere and then influence the distribution and variation of the stratospheric water *** analysis shows that interdecadal variations of the water vapor exchange over the AIPO are significant,and its abrupt change occurred in the mid-1970s and the early *** these three periods,as important channels of the water vapor exchange,the effect of Bay of Bengal-East Asia as well as South china Sea was gradually weakening,while the role of the WNP becomes more and more *** studies show that atmospheric heat sources over the Tibetan Plateau and the WNP are two main factors in determining the interdecadal variations of water vapor *** thermal influences over the Tibetan Plateau and the WNP have been greatly adjusted over the pass 44 *** synthesis influences the interdecadal variations of the water vapor exchange by changing the Asian summer monsoon,but their roles vary with time and *** after 1992,the influence of heat source over the Tibetan Plateau remarkably weakens,while the heat source over the WNP dominates the across-tropopause water vapor *** have important implications for understanding the transport of other components in the atmosphere and estimating the impact of human activities(

关键词： Tibetan Plateau tropical western North Pacific atmospheric heat source STE inter-decadal variations

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A SEMI-CIRCLE THEOREM FOR UNSTABLE PERTURBATION IN TROPICAL CYCLONE-SCALE VORTICLES

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2009年第4期21卷 473-481页

作者： HUANG Hong ZHANG Ming XU Ming Institute of Meteorology PLA University of Science and Technology Nanjing 211101 China shanghai Typhoon Institute China Meteorological Administration Shanghai 200030 China laboratory of Typhoon Forecast Technique/CMA Shanghai 200030 China

In this paper, we discusses the spectrum distribution of baroclinic disturbances in tropical cyclone-scale vortices with the assumption that the basic flow does not vary with height. The semi-circle theorem for the unstable perturbation is obtained and the upper bound of growth rate can be estimated. The upper bound of instability growth rate increases with the increase of the maximum basic-state tangential wind speed, angular speed, inertial parameter, absolute vorticity, radial gradient of absolute vorticity and static stability. The upper bound of instability growth rate is greater for vortices of larger horizontal scale and smaller vertical scale and lower wave-number disturbances.

关键词： tropical cyclone-scale vortex spiral bands instability semi-circle theorem

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Dominant climate factors influencing the Arctic runoff and association between the Arctic runoff and sea ice

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第5期29卷 10-20页

作者： LI Pixue ZHANG Zhanhai LIU Jiping Ocean University of china Qingdao 266100 China Polar Research Institute of china Shanghai 200136 China State Key laboratory of Numerical Modeling for atmospheric Science and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China shanghai Marine Environmental Monitoring and Forecasting Center Shanghai 200232 China

By using the Arctic runoff data from R-ArcticNET V4.0 and ArcticRIMS,trends of four major rivers flowing into the Arctic Ocean,whose climate factor plays an important role in determining the variability of the Arctic runoff,are *** results show that for the past 30 years,the trend of the Arctic runoff is seasonally *** is a significant trend in spring and winter and a significant decreasing trend in summer,leading to the reduced seasonal *** spring,surface air temperature is the dominant factor influencing the four *** summer,precipitation is the most important factor for Lena and Mackenzie,while snow cover is the most important factor for Yenisei and *** Mackenzie,atmospheric circulation does play an important role for all the seasons,which is not the case for the Eurasian *** authors further discuss the relationships between the Arctic runoff and sea *** negative correlation is found at the mouth of the rivers into the Arctic Ocean in spring,while significant positive correlation is observed just at the north of the mouths of the rivers into the Arctic in *** addition,each river has different relationship with sea ice in the eastern Greenland Sea.

关键词： Arctic runoff multiple linear regressions sea ice

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Three-dimensional decomposition method of global atmospheric circulation

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第3期51卷 386-402页

作者： LIU HaiTao1,2,3, HU ShuJuan4, XU Ming5 & CHOU JiFan6,7 1 State Key laboratory of Numerical Modeling for atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, china 2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, china 3 Beijing Climate Center, Beijing 100089, china 4 Department of Mathematics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, china 5 shanghai Typhoon Institute, shanghai 20003., china 6 Department of atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, china 7 china meteorological Administration Training Center, Beijing 100089, china State Key laboratory of Numerical Modeling for atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Beijing Climate Center Beijing China Department of Mathematics Lanzhou University Lanzhou China shanghai Typhoon Institute Shanghai China Department of atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou China china meteorological Administration Training Center Beijing China

By adopting the idea of three-dimensional Walker, Hadley and Rossby stream functions, the global atmospheric circulation can be considered as the sum of three stream functions from a global perspective. Therefore, a m... 详细信息

关键词： three-dimensional decomposition of the global atmospheric circulation generalized Walker Hadley and Rossby stream functions existence and uniqueness vertical motion

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Quantitative analysis of torrential rainfall associated with typhoon landfall:A case study of typhoon Haitang(2005)

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第1期19卷 55-63页

作者： Caijun Yue a,b,a shanghai Typhoon Institute,the china Meterological Administration shanghai 20003.,china b laboratory of Typhoon Forecast Technique/china Meterological Administration,Shangai 20003.,china shanghai Typhoon Institute the china Meterological Administration Shanghai 200030 China laboratory of Typhoon Forecast Technique/china Meterological Administration Shangai 200030 China

A quantitative analysis of torrential rainfall associated with typhoon Haitang(2005) is carried out using a modified moist ageostrophic Q vector and data from Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model *** major factors determining the ascending motion associated with torrential rainfall have been studied:large-scale and convective condensational heating,topographic lifting and *** results show that the convective condensational heating plays a major role in the torrential rainfall process,and the large-scale condensational heating is secondary before the landfall of typhoon Haitang,and vice versa after the *** topographic lifting affects the formation of rainfall,whereas the topographic friction has important impacts on torrential rainfall after the *** rainfall amounts forced by the topographic friction and lifting have similar horizontal distributions,but the magnitudes of the former are 2-3 times larger than those of the *** rainfall amounts forced by topography(lifting and friction) and modified moist ageostrophic Q vector have different horizontal distributions,and the magnitudes of the former are 2-5 times larger than those of the *** analysis shows that the typhoon rainfall may be motivated by modified moist ageostrophic Q vector and enhanced further by the topographic effects.

关键词： Torrential rainfall Typhoon landfall Modi?ed moist ageostrophic Q vector Topography Condensational heating Quantitative analysis

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Local and non-local sources of airborne particulate pollution at Beijing——The ratio of Mg/Al as an element tracer for estimating the contributions of mineral aerosols from outside Beijing

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Science china chemistry 2005年第3期48卷 253-264页

作者： HAN Lihui1, ZHUANG Guoshun1,2,3, SUN Yele1 & WANG Zifa3 1. The Center for atmospheric Environmental Study, Department of chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, china 2. Center for atmospheric chemistry Study, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, shanghai 200433, china 3. LAPC/NZC, Institute of atmospheric Physics, CAS, Beijing 100029, china The Center for atmospheric Environmental Study Department of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Beijing China Center for atmospheric chemistry Study Department of Environmental Science & Engineering Fudan University Shanghai China Institute of atmospheric Physics CAS LAPC/NZC Beijing China

A new element tracer technique has firstly been established to estimate the contri-butions of mineral aerosols from both inside and outside Beijing. The ratio of Mg/Al in aerosol is a feasible element tracer to distinguish between the sources of inside and outside Beijing. Mineral aerosol, inorganic pollution aerosol mainly as sulfate and nitrate, and organic aerosol are the major components of airborne particulates in Beijing, of which mineral aerosol accounted for 32%―67% of total suspended particles （TSP）, 10%―70% of fine particles （PM2.5）, and as high as 74% and 90% of TSP and PM2.5, respectively, in dust storm. The sources from outside Beijing contributed 62% （38%―86%） of the total mineral aerosols in TSP, 69% （52%―90%） in PM10, and 76% （59%―93%） in PM2.5 in spring, and 69% （52%―83%）, 79% （52%―93%）, and 45% （7%―79%） in TSP, PM10, and PM2.5, respectively, in winter, while only20% in summer and autumn. The sources from outside Beijing contributed as high as 97% during dust storm and were the dominant source of airborne particulates in Beijing. The contributions from outside Bei-jing in spring and winter are higher than those in summer, indicating clearly that it was related to the various meteorological factors.

关键词： mineral aerosol local sources non-local sources dust storm re-suspended dust element tracer technique.

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Relationship between the Asian-Pacific oscillation and the tropical cyclone frequency in the western North Pacific

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第3期51卷 380-385页

作者： ZHOU BoTao1, CUI Xuan2 & ZHAO Ping3 1 laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Center, china meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, china 2 National meteorological Center, china meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, china 3 Chinese Academy of meteorological Sciences, china meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, china laboratory for Climate Studies National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing China National meteorological Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing China Chinese Academy of meteorological Sciences China Meteorological Administration Beijing China

The relationship between the Asian-Pacific oscillation (APO) and the tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific (WNP) in summer is preliminarily investigated through an analysis of ob- served data. The result has shown clearly that APO is significantly and positively correlated to the tropical cyclone frequency in the WNP. If APO is above (below) the normal in summer, more (less) tropical cyclones will tend to appear in the WNP. The present study also addresses the large-scale at- mospheric general circulation changes underlying the linkage between APO and the WNP tropical cy- clone frequency. It follows that a positive phase of summer APO is concurrent with weakened as well as northward and eastward located western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH), low-level convergence and high-level divergence, and reduced vertical zonal wind shear in the WNP, providing favorable envi- ronment for the tropical cyclone genesis, and thus more tropical cyclones will come into being, and vice versa.

关键词： Asian-Pacific oscillation western North Pacific tropical cyclone atmospheric circulation

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Variational iteration solving method of a sea-air oscillator model for the ENSO

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第2期17卷 230-232页

作者： MO Jiaqi, LIN Wantao and WANG Hui ( Department of Mathematics, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, china Division of Computational Science, E-Institutes of shanghai Universities, at SJTU, shanghai 200240, china LASG, Institute of atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, china Chinese Academy of meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, china) Department of Mathematics Anhui Normal University Wuhu 241000 China. Division of Computational Science E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities SJTU Shanghai 200240 China. LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China. Chinese Academy of meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China

A time delay equation for sea-air oscillator model is studied. The aim is to create an asymtotic solving method of nonlinear equation for the ENSO model. And based on a class of oscillators of ENSO model, employing the variational iteration method, the approximate solution of corresponding problem is obtained. It is proven from the results that the method of variational iteration method can be used for analyzing the sea surface temperature anomaly in the equatorial eastern Pacific of the atmosphere-ocean oscillation for ENSO model.

关键词： Nonlinear problem, time delay, El Nino-Southern oscillator model variational iteration.

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Experimental study on CCl_4/CH)4/O_2/N_2 oxidation

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2010年第4期53卷 1016-1022页

作者： WANG Bo1,2,CHI Yong2,YAN JianHua2 & NI MingJiang2 1 College of Energy and Power Engineering,University of shanghai for Science and Technology,shanghai 200093,china 2 State Key laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,china College of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology State Key laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang University

Oxidation within the system CCl4/CH4/O2/N2 is studied at atmospheric pressure in a tubular flow reactor to investigate the influence of reaction temperature and chlorine content on chlorinated waste combustion and find incineration process optimization methods for pollution *** reaction temperature varies from 700℃ to 1000℃ and the CCl4/CH4(or Cl/H) mole ratio of the inlet mixture varies from 0.21 to *** profiles are measured with *** is shown that at the same initial CCl4 concentration and reaction temperature adding CH4 favors CCl4 destruction and CO2 *** the destruction and removal efficiency(DRE) of CH4 decreases with lower Cl/H and higher concentrations of toxic products of incomplete combustion such as COCl2 and CH3Cl are formed at the same *** chlorine in the system favors CH4 decomposition,but it also inhibits further oxidation of *** temperature assists in both CCl4 destruction and CH4 conversion,and the concentration of toxic combustion intermediates is *** the temperature is the most effective way to enhance CCl4 *** CO2 concentration increases with temperature.A CO concentration peak is observed around 800℃:with a certain Cl/H,the CO concentration first increases with temperature and then *** effect of increasing CH4 concentration on CCl4 destruction becomes mild above 900℃.Rather,it enhances the interaction between chlorine and carbonaceous radicals,which leads to higher concentration of toxic products.

关键词： hazardous waste destruction and removal efficiency(DRE) oxidation carbon tetrachloride chlorinated compounds methane

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