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Characteristics and origins of primary fluids and noble gases in mantle-derived minerals from the Yishu area,Shandong Province,china

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Science china Earth sciences 2006年第1期49卷 77-87页

作者： MA Jinlong1,2, TAO Mingxin2,3.& YE Xianren2 1. resources and Environmental School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73.000, china 2. Key Laboratory of Gas Geochemistry, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of sciences, Lanzhou 73.000, china 3. College of resources Science & Technology, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875, china 1. resources and Environmental School Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China 2. Key Laboratory of Gas Geochemistry Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China 3. College of resources Science & Technology Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Fluids and noble gases of mantle-derived materials are important tracers forthe mantle information. Compositions of primary fluids and noble gases in mantle-derived mineralsfrom the Yishu area, Shandong Province, china, were tested by the methods of heat-bursting andheat-melting respectively. The fluids are mainly composed of CO_2, CO and H_2, which account forabout 90% of the total, and are similar to the mantle-derived rocks from other areas of easternchina; ratios of ~3.e/~4He in almost all samples range from 0.82 Ra to 2.74 Ra, whereas^(40)Ar/^(3.)Ar from 299.5 to 758.8. Both ranges are much lower than those of the typical oceanmantle-derived samples (such as MORB) and primarily reflect the influences of the atmosphericcomponents and the radiogenic isotopes. Ratios of C/~3.e range from 27.6 x 10~9 to 1050 x 10~9,N_2/Ar from 927 to 56612, and N_2/~3.e from 2.5 x 10~9 to 27 x 10~9, similar to those in westernUnited States and New Zealand which belong to the tectonic plate collision regions. The ratios fallin the intersect of mantle-crust-atmosphere in the comprehensive tracer-charts, reflecting theinfluences of the atmosphere and the crusts with organic components. Our results suggest that thecomposition of the primary fluids and the isotopic ratios of the noble gases may either reflect theevolution process of mantle-derived rocks connected with the rise and eruption of magma, or theinfluence of the ancient subduction-plate on the continental mantle of this region.

关键词： noble gases, primary fluids, mantle-derived minerals, Yishu area.

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Growth characteristics and response to climate change of Larix Miller tree-ring in china

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第6期53卷 871-879页

作者： SUN Yu1,4, WANG LiLi1,2,3. CHEN Jin5, DUAN JianPing1,4, SHAO XueMei1,2 & CHEN KeLong6 1 Institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources {3., Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 2 Institute of Tibetan Plateau {3., Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100085, china 3.Institute of Desert and Meteorology, china Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 83.002, china 4 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china 5 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china 6 School of Life and Geography sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, china 1. Institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources {3. Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China4. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China2. Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China3. Institute of Desert and Meteorology China Meteorological Administration Urumqi 830002 China5. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China6. School of Life and Geography Sciences Qinghai Normal University Xining 810008 China

As one of the earliest species used in dendrochronological studies, Larix responds sensitively to climate change. In this study, nine larch species and one variety from eleven sites were collected to study the growth characteristics of tree-ring width using dendrochronological methods. Ten residual tree-ring chronologies were developed to analyze their relationships with regional standardized anomaly series by Pearson’s correlation analysis. The results suggest that most of the chronologies had significantly positive correlations with the mean temperature and mean maximum temperature in May. The spring temperature evidently limited the radial growth of the larch species without precipitation control. The largest mean tree-ring width was found in Himalayan Larch in Jilong, whereas Master Larch in Si’er reflected the smallest mean value. Both species presented little climate information in this study. Chinese, Potanin, and Tibetan larches are significantly correlated with climate change, implying a huge potential for climate history reconstruction. The elevation of the sampling sites appears to be an important condition for tree-ring growth of larches responding to climate factors.

关键词： Larix Miller tree-ring climate change mean temperature in May

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Principle of small target detection for hyperspectral imagery

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Science china Earth sciences 2007年第8期50卷 1225-1231页

作者： GENG XiuRui1,2,3.& ZHAO YongChao2,3.4 1 research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS, Department of Geography, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875,{3. 2 State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100101,{3. 3.Institute of Erectronics, Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100080,{3. 4 Center for for Assessment and Monitoring of Forest and Environmental resources and Division of Ecosystem sciences University of California Berkeley, CA 94720-3.14, USA 1. research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS Department of Geography Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China 2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China 3. Institute of Erectronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China 4. Center for for Assessment and Monitoring of Forest and Environmental resources and Division of Ecosystem sciences University of California Berkeley CA 94720-3114 USA

This paper generalizes the progress of algorithms in small target detection for hyperspectral imaging, and finds that whitening the image is the key point of many methods in small target detection. An al-gorithm is presented to detect desired targets by converting large targets into small ones based on the weighted sample autocorrelation matrix.

关键词： hyperspectral whiten target detection

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The conception framework of Asian urban development in transition

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Journal of geographical sciences 2000年第2期10卷 159-167页

作者： PANG Xiao-min (Institute of geographical sciences and natural Resourrces, Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100101. china) 中科院地理科学与资源所北京

Aiming at providing references to china's urban development in the reform era, this paper gives a brief summary of the recent academic advances about the contemporary urban development in Asia. Mainly based on reviewing the literature concerning Asian specificity, the author attempts at addressing the current critical orientations of international urban studies. The basic issues covered are the 1) changing conception of major forces for urbanization; 2) the. new concerns upon alternative urbanization approaches, ac 3. the more attention to the necessary reform of urban governance for a sustainable urban development

关键词： urban development. Asia urban studies

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Ecological response to the climate change on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第6期48卷 765-777页

作者： CHEN Xi1, LUO Geping1, XIA Jun2, ZHOU Kefa1, LOU Shaoping3.& YE Minquan4 1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of sciences, Urumqi 83.011, china 2. Institute of geographical and {3. sciences, Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 3. Urumqi Meteorological-satellite Land Station, Urumqi 83.011, china 4. Seismological Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urümqi 83.011, china Correspondence should be addressed to Chen Xi 1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences 830011 Urumqi China 2. Institute of geographical and resources sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China 3. Urumqi Meteorological-satellite Land Station 830011 Urumqi China 4. Seismological Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830011 Urümqi China

The Tianshan Mountains is a high and huge mountain body lying across the central part of Xinjiang, china, and is also the main area where the runoff forms in Xinjiang. In this paper, a set of RS-based study methods is put forward for deriving the information about the natural change of the ecology in arid areas, and the relationship between the climate change trend and the corresponding ecological response on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains since recent 40 years is analyzed from the scales of the land cover ecosystems and landscapes based on the observed data of climate, hydrology, modern glaciers and lakes on the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains since recent 40 years and the satellite RS data since recent 10 years by using the RS and GIS technologies. The results are as follows: (1) The overall trend of climate change on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains since recent 40 years is that both air temperature and precipitation are increased, especially the increase amplitudes of air tempera-ture, precipitation and annual runoff volume are high since the decade of the 1990s; (2) the in-tegrated indexes of the vegetation in all the geographical divisions on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains are obviously increased since recent 10 years, especially in the artificial oases and the foothill belts, such a change trend is advantageous for improving the vegetation ecology; and (3. the vegetation ecology in the arid areas is extremely sensitive to the climate change, the vegetation coverage and the biomass on the northern slope of the Tianshan Moun-tains are continuously increased because of the climate change since recent 10 years, their in-crease amplitudes in the plains and during the late stage are obviously higher than that in the mountainous regions and during the early stage.

关键词： north slope of the Tianshan Mountains, climate change, hydrological change, natural change of ecology,RS and GIS, vegetation index.

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Modeling the relationship of land use change and some geophysical indicators for the interlock area of farming and pasturing in china

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Journal of geographical sciences 2002年第4期12卷 397-404页

作者： DENG Xiangzheng, LIU Jiyuan, ZHUANG Dafang, ZHAN Jinyan, ZHAO Tao(Inst. of Geographic sciences and natural resources {3., cas, beijing 100101, china) Inst. of Geographic sciences and natural resources {3. CAS 北京 100101

This paper discusses land-use changes in the interlock area of farming and pasturing (IAFP) in northern china. It presents detailed analyses of land-use features in the IAFP, which are controlled by the macro geomorphic units and geophysical conditions-constraints or advantages. Additionally, it selects some indicators, according to the availability in acquiring and processing their quantitative data, to analyze the canonical correlations between the typical conversion of grassland and geophysical conditions. The preliminary study indicates that the physical conditions are of great advantages to the development of grassland. There exists significant correlation between land use change and some geophysical conditions.

关键词： land use driving force interlock area of farming and pasturing china

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Land use change in Bohai Rim: a spatial-temporal analysis

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Journal of geographical sciences 2001年第3期11卷 305-312页

作者： ZHU Hui-yi, LI Xiu-bin, HE Shu-jin, ZHANG Ming (Institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources {3., cas, beijing 100101, china) Institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources {3.

Based on RS and GIS methods, land use information for 1985 and 1995 was acquired from TM images and analyzed. Then on both spatial and temporal aspects, this paper analyzes land use change in three provinces of Hebei, Shandong and Liaoning and two municipalities of beijing and Tianjin in the Bohai Rim covering the period of 1985 to 1995. The extent, rate, areal difference and trend of various types of land use changes in the region, as well as spatial changes of major types of land use, their distribution characteristics and regional orientation are revealed. The regional characteristics of land use are elaborated, so as to provide effective policy support for sustainable land use in the area around the Bohai Bay.

关键词： Bohai Rim land use change spatio-temporal analysis

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Vegetation and soil carbon storage in china

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Science china Earth sciences 2004年第1期47卷 49-57页

作者： LI Kerang, WANG Shaoqiang & CAO MingkuiInstitute of Geographic sciences and natural resources {3., Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china Department of Geography, Maryland University, College Park,MD 20742, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Li Kerang Inst. of Geogr. Sci./Nat. Rsrc. Res. Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Department of Geography Maryland University College Park MD 20742 United States

This study estimated the current vegetation and soil carbon storage in china using a biogeochemical model driven with climate, soil and vegetation data at 0.5°latitude-longitude grid spatial resolution. The results indicate that the total carbon storage in china's vegetation and soils was 13.3. Gt C and 82.65 Gt C respectively, about 3. and 4% of the global total. The nationally mean vegetation and soil carbon densities were 1.47 kg C/m2 and 9.17 kg C/m2, respectively, differing greatly in various regions affected by climate, vegetation, and soil types. They were generally higher in the warm and wet Southeast china and Southwest china than in the arid Northwest china; whereas vegetation carbon density was the highest in the warm Southeast china and Southwest china, soil carbon density was the highest in the cold Northeast china and southeastern fringe of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. These spatial patterns are clearly correlated with variations in the climate that regulates plant growth and soil organic matter decomposition, and show that vegetation and soil carbon densities are controlled by different climatic factors.

关键词： carbon storage, vegetation, soil, china.

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Differential Hydrological Grey Model (DHGM) with self-memory function and its application to flood forecasting

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2009年第4期52卷 1039-1049页

作者： CHEN XiangDong1, XIA Jun1,2 & XU Qian3.1 Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources {3., Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 2 State Key Laboratory of Water resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 43.072, china 3.School of Hydrology and Water resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, china 1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China 2. State Key Laboratory of Water resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China 3. School of Hydrology and Water resources Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China

This paper addresses a problem of flood forecasting with the self-memory function. Considering flood forecasting’s uncertainty and updating demand, a hybrid hydrological model, namely Differential Hy- drological Grey Model with self-memory function (DHGM-SM), is developed. The model has two fold features. One is to establish a self-memorization equation linked with DHGM, that could extract useful information from past data series and realize updating of hydrological dynamic process. The other is that this model has higher efficiency relative to original hydrological model without self-memory func- tion. This approach was applied to river flow forecasting of two representative basins in Tunxi of South{3. and Daqinggou of North{3.. It is shown that this hybrid method has satisfactory forecasting accuracy by examination of both calibration and validation.

关键词： differential grey model the self-memorization principle real-time forecasting faded-memory recursive least square method

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A preliminary knowledge-driven prediction model of snail distribution in the Poyang Lake region

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第1期53卷 115-123页

作者： ZHAO An1,2,3.& BAO ShuMing1 1 The Key Lab of Poyang Lake Ecological Environment and Resource Development, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 3.0022, china 2 Institute of Geographic sciences and resources {3., Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 3.School of Geography and Environmental sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 3.0022, china The Key Lab of Poyang Lake Ecological Environment and Resource Development Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang China Institute of Geographic sciences and resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Geography and Environmental sciences Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang China

Present monitoring and prediction of schistosomiasis’s intermediate parasite, snail, are based on re-mote sensing image’s spectral signatures, and the calculation result is in fact an incom-plete-constraints solution. TM image of the Poyang Lake region on October 3., 2005 was combined with GIS thematic data (DEM, boundary of the Poyang Lake, vegetation, soil and land use) to make a prediction on snail spatial distribution in the region by remote sensing, geo-informatics and knowl-edge-driven modeling according to mechanism of snail occurrence. Result shows that with change of overall fuzzy membership of snail occurrence from high to low, snail occurrence of the snail samples of validation group goes up to 81% within 10% high fuzzy membership range, denoting high efficiency of the model in predicting snail occurrence.

关键词：鄱阳湖区域蜗牛分布模糊分类血吸虫病

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