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The characteristics of atmospheric CO_2 concentration variation of four national background stations in china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2009年第11期52卷 1857-1863页

作者： LIU LiXin, ZHOU LingXi, ZHANG XiaoChun, WEN Min, ZHANG Fang, YAO Bo & FANG ShuangXi Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry, Centre for Atmosphere Watch and Services (CAWAS), Chinese Academy of Meteoro- logical Sciences (CAMS), china meteorological administration (CMA), beijing 100081, china Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry Centre for Atmosphere Watch and Services (CAWAS) Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS) China Meteorological Administration (CMA) Beijing 100081 China

Atmospheric carbon dioxide is an important kind of greenhouse gas which influences global temperature. Its concentration variation could indicate the distribution of human and natural activities in various regions. Through the non-dispersive infrared method, flask sampling of atmospheric CO2 concen- tration was measured weekly at four national background stations including Waliguan, Shangdianzi, Lin’an, and Longfengshan. Based on the data collected from September 2006 to August 2007, along with the Waliguan station’s experience on in situ observational data processing, the selection methods for sampling data through the atmospheric background CO2 concentration analysis were preliminarily discussed. On the basis of this result, the variation features of the four typical regions’ atmospheric background CO2 concentration was analyzed for the first time. The results show that the atmospheric CO2 concentration at Waliguan, Shangdianzi, Lin’an, and Longfengshan is 3.3.5, 3.5.9, 3.7.8, and 3.4.3.ppm, respectively. During the research period, CO2 concentration at the Waliguan station changed slightly. However, the CO2 concentration changed sharply at the Shangdianzi and the Lin’an stations due to the great influence of human activities in the Jingjinji and the Changjiang Delta economic zones, and changed regularly with seasons at Longfengshan station under dual influences of human activities and plant photosynthesis. The results from this study can lay the foundation for more profound studies on atmospheric CO2 concentration level of different areas in china, and could be used to improve the understanding of carbon source and sink distribution.

关键词： atmospheric CO2 flask sampling background data selection CO2 concentration regional difference

Recent advances in precipitation-bias correction and application

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2009年第3期1卷 193-198页

作者： DaQing Yang 1, NingLian Wang 2, BaiSheng Ye 2, LiJuan Ma 3.1. Water and Environmental Research center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-5860, USA. 2. State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 73.000, china. 3. Laboratory for climate {3., china meteorological administration, beijing 100081, china. Water and Environmental Research center University of Alaska Fairbanks State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

Significant progresses have been made in recent years in precipitation data analyses at regional to global scales. This paper re-views and synthesizes recent advances in precipitation-bias corrections and applications in many countries and over the cold re-gions. The main objective of this review is to identify and examine gaps in regional and national precipitation-error analyses. This paper also discusses and recommends future research needs and directions. More effort and coordination are necessary in the determinations of precipitation biases on large regions across national borders. It is important to emphasize that bias cor-rections of precipitation measurements affect both water budget and energy balance calculations, particularly over the cold regions.

关键词： precipitation gauge measurement bias correction cold region

Changes in climatic variability and maize yield inNortheast china

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1999年第3期9卷 236-247页

作者： WU Jin-dong WANG Fu-tang(Chinese Academy of meteorological Sciences, beijing 100081, china)

The method linking general circulation models' (GCMs') outputs with crop growthsimulation models' inputs has been the first choice in the studies of impacts of climate *** in climatic variability, however were not considered in most studies due to limitedknowledge concerned Changes in climatic means derived from a general circulation model DKRZOPYC were input into a stochastic weather generator WGEN run for synthetic daily climate *** Carlo stochastic sampling method was adopted to generate climate change scenarios withvarious possible climatic veriabilities. A dynamic simulation model for maize growth anddevelopment of MZMOD was used to assess the potenhal implication of the changes in both climaticmeans and variability nd the boacts of crop management in changing climate on maize productionin Northeast china. The results indicated that maize yield would be reduced to various degrees inmost of the sensitivity experiments of climatic variability associating with the shortening of theduration of phenological phase of different sowing dates. The Anpacts of the diverse distributions ofclimatic factors detetmined by multiple changes in climatic variability on maire production and itsvariation, however, are not identical and have distinct regional disparities. Yield reduction caused bychanges in climatic means may be alleviated or aggravated by didributions of certain climaticvariables in line with the corresponding climatic variability according to the sensitivity ***, the hypothesis keeping climatic variability constant in the traditional research imposesrestriction on the overall inveshgation of the impacts of climate change on maize production.

关键词： climatic variability stochastic weather generator GCMs crop model

Duststorms and the Related Disasters

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Duststorms and the Related Disasters

第三届中日韩气象学术会议

作者： ZENG Qing-Cun~1 DONG Chao-Hua~2 PENG Gong-Bing~3.ZHAO Si-Xiong~1 FANG Zong-Yi~2 JIAO Mei-Yan~4 Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences beijing 100029 china national Satellite {3. center china {3. administration beijing 100081 china Institute of Geographic Sciences and Resource Research Chinese Academy of Sciences beijing 100101 china national {3. center china {3. administration beijing 100081 china

＜正＞This is a report describing briefly the“Duststorm monitoring,Predicting and Warming system”.This system was developed by the scientists of china meteorological administration,Chinese Academy of Sciences and some universities and applied as a subroutine in the national Satellite meteorological {3. and the national meteorological {3. since 2002,and became an operational one in the daily routine service since *** system consists of the following components: the satellite remote sensing and the ground based observational network,the short- range numerical dust-weather prediction,extra-annual and extraseasonal prediction of anomalies of spring atmospheric circulation and soil moisture,renewable GIS （Geographic Information System）and the information and evaluation of related disasters.

关键词： duststorm monitoring predicting warning disaster evaluation climate prediction

Spatial character of the gaseous and particulate state compound correlation of urban atmospheric pollution in winter and summer

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第S2期48卷 64-79页

作者： XU Xiangde, SHI Xiaohui, XIE Lian, DING Guoan, MIAO Qiuju, MA Jianzhong & ZHENG Xiangdong State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of meteorological Sciences, beijing 100081, china Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, china Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC27695-8208, USA national climate center, china meteorological administration, beijing 100081, china State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China Department of Marine Earth and Atmospheric Sciences North Carolina State University Raleigh NC27695-8208 USA national climate center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

The spatial/temporal variation information of atmospheric dynamic-chemical processes at observation site points of the "canopy" boundary of beijing urban building ensemble and over urban area "surface", as well as the seasonal correlation structure of the gaseous and par-ticulate states of urban atmospheric pollution (UAP) and its seasonal conversion feature at observation points are investigated, using the comprehensive observation data of the beijing City Air Pollution Observation Experiment (BECAPEX) in winter and summer 2003.with a "point-surface" combined research approach. By using "one dimension spatial empirical orthogonal function (EOF)" principal component analysis (PCA) mode, the seasonal change of gaseous and particulate states of atmospheric aerosols and the association feature of pollutant species under the background of the complicated structure of urban boundary layer (UBL) are analyzed. The comprehensive analyses of the principal components of particle concentrations, gaseous pollutant species, and meteorological conditions reveal the seasonal changes of the complex constituent and structure features of the gaseous and particulate states of UAP to further trace the impact feature of urban aerosol pollution surface sources and the seasonal difference of the component structure of UAP. Research results suggest that in the temporal evolution of the gaseous and particulate states of winter/summer UAP, NOx, CO, and SO2 showed an "in-phase" evolution feature, however, O3.showed an "inverse-phase" relation with other species, all possessing distinctive dependent feature. On the whole, summer concentrations of gaseous pollutants CO, SO2, and NOx were obviously lower than winter ones, especially, the reduction in CO concentration was most distinctive, and ones in SO2 and NOx were next. However, the summer O3.concentration was more than twice winter one. Winter/summer differences in PM10 and PM2.5 particle concentrations were relatively not obvious, which ind

关键词： aerosol correlation structure principal component analysis.

Modeling Study of Aerosol Indirect Effects on climate with an AGCM-aerosol Coupled System

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Modeling Study of Aerosol Indirect Effects on Climate with a...

第七届亚洲气溶胶会议

作者： Zhili Wang1, Hua Zhang2, Zaizhi Wang2, Xiaoye Zhang1 and Sunling Gong11 Chinese Academy of meteorological Sciences, No. 46 Zhongguancun Nandajie Haidian District, beijing, china, {3. 2 national climate center, china meteorological administration, No. 46 Zhongguancun Nandajie Haidian District, beijing, china, {3.

Aerosol indirect effects (AIEs) on global climate are quantitatively investigated by introducing aerosol-cloud interaction parameterizations for stratus clouds into an AGCM (BCCGCM2.0.1) developed by the national climate center of the china meteorological administration coupling with the Canadian Aerosol Module (CAM). The study yields a global annual mean of -1.57 W m-2 for the first indirect radiative forcing. The second indirect effect leads to global annual mean changes in net shortwave flux of -0.58 W m-2 at the top of the atmosphere (TOA). The total AIE reduces the global annual means of net shortwave flux at the TOA and of surface temperature by 2.27 W m-2 and 0.12 K, respectively. Change in surface temperature induced by the total AIE is clearly larger in the Northern Hemisphere (-0.21 K) than in the Southern Hemisphere, where changes are negligible. The interhemispheric asymmetry in surface cooling results in significant differences in changes of the interhemispheric annual mean precipitation rate, which could lead to a tendency for the ITCZ to weaken and broaden. In summer, the northeasterly or northerly flows in most areas of east and south{3. and over the nearby oceans are enhanced due to the total AIE, which weakens the transport of warm and moist air carried by the East Asian summer monsoon, and decreases the summer monsoon precipitation in east and south{3..

关键词： aerosol cloud radiation indirect effects

Dominant climate factors influencing the Arctic runoff and association between the Arctic runoff and sea ice

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第5期29卷 10-20页

作者： LI Pixue ZHANG Zhanhai LIU Jiping Ocean University of china Qingdao 266100 China Polar Research Institute of china Shanghai 200136 China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Science and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Shanghai Marine Environmental Monitoring and Forecasting center Shanghai 200232 China

By using the Arctic runoff data from R-ArcticNET V4.0 and ArcticRIMS,trends of four major rivers flowing into the Arctic Ocean,whose climate factor plays an important role in determining the variability of the Arctic runoff,are *** results show that for the past 3. years,the trend of the Arctic runoff is seasonally *** is a significant trend in spring and winter and a significant decreasing trend in summer,leading to the reduced seasonal *** spring,surface air temperature is the dominant factor influencing the four *** summer,precipitation is the most important factor for Lena and Mackenzie,while snow cover is the most important factor for Yenisei and *** Mackenzie,atmospheric circulation does play an important role for all the seasons,which is not the case for the Eurasian *** authors further discuss the relationships between the Arctic runoff and sea *** negative correlation is found at the mouth of the rivers into the Arctic Ocean in spring,while significant positive correlation is observed just at the north of the mouths of the rivers into the Arctic in *** addition,each river has different relationship with sea ice in the eastern Greenland Sea.

关键词： Arctic runoff multiple linear regressions sea ice

Influences of Tropical Cyclones on china During 1965-2004

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Influences of Tropical Cyclones on China During 1965-2004

第三届中日韩气象学术会议

作者： Wang Xiaoling~1 Wu Liguang~2 Renfumin1 1)Laboratory for climate studies national climate center Chinese meteorological administration beijing 2)Laboratory for Atmospheres NASA Goddard Space Flight center and Goddard Earth and Technology center University of Maryland Baltimore County Maryland USA

＜正＞Using the JTWC and CMA tropical cyclone datasets,variations in frequency and intensity of ACTCs and tropical cyclone impacts on china are studied for the period of ***,the differences between the two track datasets are *** annual frequencies of tropical cyclones are reasonably consistent to each other. However,due to the different definition of the maximum sustained wind,the intensity records are significantly *** recorded more very strong tropical cyclones than CMA especially after 1987.

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Development of a Downscaling Method in china Regional Summer Precipitation Prediction

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Development of a Downscaling Method in China Regional Summer...

第28届中国气象学会年会

作者： CHEN Lijuan1 GU Weizong1 LI Weijing1 CHEN Deliang2 1 beijing climate center,{3. meteorological administration,beijing 100081,{3. 2 Department of Earth Sciences,University of Gothenburg,Goteborg 4053.,Sweden

＜正＞A downscaling method taking into account of precipitation regionalization is developed and used in the regional summer precipitation prediction （RSPP） in china. The downscaling is realized by

关键词： Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere General climate Model(CGCM) downscaling method regional precipitation prediction